UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

 

Form 10-K

 

 

 

Commission File No. 1-11442

 

CHART INDUSTRIES, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

 

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:

(440) 753-1490

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes þ     No o

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  Yes o     No þ

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes þ     No o

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  þ

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer þ       Accelerated filer o       Non-accelerated filer o       Smaller reporting company o

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes o     No þ

 

The aggregate market value of the voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price of $28.44 per share at which the common equity was last sold, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter was $773,340,565.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court.  Yes þ     No o

 

As of February 15, 2008, there were 28,227,743 outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share.

 

Documents Incorporated by Reference

 

Portions of the following document is incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K: the definitive Proxy Statement to be used in connection with the Registrant’s Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 20, 2008 (the “2008 Proxy Statement”).

 

Except as otherwise stated, the information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K is as of December 31, 2007.

 

 

 

Overview

 

Chart Industries, Inc. (the “Company,” “Chart” or “we”) is a leading independent global manufacturer of highly engineered equipment used in the production, storage and end-use of hydrocarbon and industrial gases, based on our sales and the estimated sales of our competitors. We supply engineered equipment used throughout the global liquid gas supply chain. The largest portion of end-use applications for our products is energy-related, accounting for approximately 59% of sales and 67% of orders in 2007, and 85% of backlog at December 31, 2007. We are a leading manufacturer of standard and engineered equipment primarily used for low-temperature and cryogenic applications. We have developed an expertise in cryogenic systems and equipment, which operate at low temperatures sometimes approaching absolute zero (0 kelvin; — 273° Centigrade; — 459° Fahrenheit). The majority of our products, including vacuum insulated containment vessels, heat exchangers, cold boxes and other cryogenic components, are used throughout the liquid gas supply chain for the purification, liquefaction, distribution, storage and end-use of hydrocarbon and industrial gases.

 

Our primary customers are large, multinational producers and distributors of hydrocarbon and industrial gases and their suppliers. We sell our products and services to more than 2,000 customers worldwide. We have developed long-standing relationships with leading companies in the gas production, gas distribution, gas processing, liquefied natural gas or LNG, chemical and industrial gas industries, including Air Products, Praxair, Airgas, Air Liquide, The Linde Group or Linde, JGC Corporation or JGC, Bechtel Corporation, Jacobs Engineering Group, Inc. or Jacobs, ExxonMobil, British Petroleum or BP, ConocoPhillips, Saudi Aramco, Shaw Stone & Webster, ABB Lummus, Uhde, CTCI Corporation or CTCI, Toyo, Samsung, Technip, Daelim, and Energy World Corporation or EWC, many of whom have been purchasing our products for over 20 years.

 

We have attained this position by capitalizing on our low-cost global manufacturing footprint, technical expertise and know-how, broad product offering, reputation for quality, and by focusing on attractive, growing markets. We have an established sales and customer support presence across the globe and low cost manufacturing operations in the United States, Central Europe and China. For the year ended December 31, 2007, the year ended December 31, 2006, and the combined year ended December 31, 2005, we generated sales of $666.4 million, $537.5 million, and $403.1 million, respectively.

 

The following charts show the proportion of our revenues generated by each operating segment as well as our estimate of the proportion of revenue generated by end-user for the year ended December 31, 2007.

 

 

Segments and Products

 

We operate in three segments: (i) Energy & Chemicals or E&C, (ii) Distribution and Storage or D&S and (iii) BioMedical. While each segment manufactures and markets different cryogenic equipment and systems to distinct end-users, they all share a reliance on our heat transfer and low temperature storage know-how and expertise. The E&C and D&S segments manufacture products used primarily in energy-related and general industrial applications, such as the separation, liquefaction, distribution and storage of hydrocarbon and industrial gases. Through our BioMedical segment, we supply cyrogenic equipment used in the storage and distribution of biological materials and oxygen, used primarily in the medical, biological research and animal breeding industries.

Further information about these segments is located in Note L to the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Energy and Chemicals Segment

 

Our principal products within the E&C segment, which accounted for 38% of sales for the year ended December 31, 2007, are focused on engineered equipment and systems for the energy and chemicals markets, primarily heat exchangers, Core-in-Kettles^®, cold boxes, process systems and LNG vacuum insulated pipe. These products are used by major natural gas, petrochemical processing and industrial gas companies in the production of their products. Our products in the E&C segment include the following:

 

Heat Exchangers and Core-in-Kettles^®

 

We are a leading designer and manufacturer of cryogenic brazed aluminum and air cooled heat exchangers. Using technology pioneered by us, our brazed aluminum heat exchangers are incorporated into cold boxes to facilitate the progressive cooling and liquefaction of air or hydrocarbon mixtures for the subsequent recovery or purification of component gases. In hydrocarbon processing industries, our brazed aluminum heat exchangers allow producers to obtain purified hydrocarbon by-products, such as methane, ethane, propane and ethylene, which are commercially marketable for various industrial or residential uses. In the industrial gas market, our brazed aluminum heat exchangers are used to obtain high purity atmospheric gases, such as oxygen, nitrogen and argon, which have numerous diverse industrial applications.

 

Our air cooled heat exchangers are used in multiple markets to cool fluids to allow for further processing or to provide condensing of fluids, including the hydrocarbon, petrochemical, natural gas processing, and power generation. We recently entered into a joint venture in Saudi Arabia for local manufacturing and marketing of air cooled exchangers for Middle Eastern markets. Our compact Core-in-Kettle^® heat exchangers are designed to replace shell-and-tube exchangers, offering significantly more heat transfer surface per unit volume and greatly improving the efficiency of chillers, vaporizers, reboilers and condensers in hydrocarbon applications including ethylene, propylene and LNG. Brazed aluminum and air cooled heat exchangers are engineered to the customer’s requirements and range in price from $20,000 to $2.5 million or more depending on the scope and complexity of the project.

 

The heat exchanger markets have seen significant demand over the last few years, resulting primarily from increased activity in the LNG and natural gas segments of the hydrocarbon processing market as well as the Asian industrial gas market. Other key global drivers involve developing Gas to Liquids or GTL and clean coal processes including Coal to Liquids or CTL and Integrated Gasification and Combined Cycle or IGCC power projects. In the future, management believes that continuing efforts by petroleum producing countries to better utilize stranded natural gas and previously flared gases, as well as efforts to broaden their industrial base, and the developing clean coal initiatives globally present a promising source of demand for our heat exchangers and cold box systems. In addition, demand for heat exchangers and cold boxes in developed countries is expected to continue as firms upgrade their facilities for greater efficiency and regulatory compliance.

 

Our principal competitors for brazed aluminum heat exchangers are Linde, Sumitomo, Kobe and Nordon, and we face competition from a variety of competitors for air cooled heat exchangers. Management believes that we are the only producer of large brazed aluminum heat exchangers in the United States and that we are a leader in the global cryogenic heat exchanger market. Major customers for our heat exchangers in the industrial gas market include Air Liquide, Air Products and Praxair. In the hydrocarbon processing market, major customers and end-users include BP, ExxonMobil, Saudi Aramco, ConocoPhillips and contractors such as JGC, Bechtel, Jacobs, Kellogg Brown Root or KBR, Technip, ABB Lummus, Toyo, Shaw Stone & Webster and Samsung.

 

Cold Boxes

 

We are a leading designer and fabricator of cold boxes. Cold boxes are highly engineered systems used to significantly reduce the temperature of gas mixtures to the point where component gases liquefy and can be separated and purified for further use in multiple industrial, scientific and commercial applications. In the hydrocarbon processing market, our cold box systems are used in natural gas processing and in the petrochemical

industry. In the industrial gas market, cold boxes are used to separate air into its major atmospheric components, including nitrogen, oxygen and argon, where the gases are used in a diverse range of applications such as metal production and heat treating, enhanced oil and gas production, chemical and oil refining, the quick-freezing of food, wastewater treatment and industrial welding. The construction of a cold box generally consists of one or more brazed aluminum heat exchangers and other equipment packaged in a “box” consisting of metal framing and a complex system of piping and valves. Cold boxes, which are designed and fabricated to order, sell in the price range of $1 million to $20 million, with the majority of cold boxes priced between $1 million and $5 million.

 

We have a number of competitors for fabrication of cold boxes, including Linde, Air Products, Praxair, Air Liquide and many smaller fabrication-only facilities around the world. Principal customers and end-users for our cold boxes include Air Liquide, ABB Lummus, BP, Bechtel, Saudi Aramco, Jacobs, JGC, Technip, Toyo, Shaw Stone and Webster, Samsung and KBR.

 

Process Systems

 

We are a leading designer, engineer and manufacturer of highly engineered hydrocarbon process systems specifically for those markets requiring proprietary cryogenic technology. These “Concept-to-Reality” process systems incorporate many of our own core products, including brazed aluminum heat exchangers, Core-in-Kettles^®, cold boxes, vessels, pipe work and air cooled heat exchangers. These systems, which are custom engineered and manufactured to order, typically sell in the price range of $5 million to over $100 million, depending on the scope and complexity of the project, with the majority of the systems priced between $5 million and $60 million.

 

Our principal markets include nitrogen rejection or NRU, propane dehydrogenation or PDH, HYCO/hydrogen recovery, LNG and Ryan-Holmes CO₂ bulk removal technology for enhanced oil recovery and CO₂ sequestration.

 

We have a number of competitors for our process systems including Linde, Air Products, and other smaller engineering, procurement, construction, or EPC, firms to whom we also act as a supplier of equipment including heat exchangers and cold boxes. Principal customers and end-users for our process systems include Energy World Corporation, ABB Lummus, ExxonMobil, Jacobs, Shaw Stone and Webster, CTCI, Samsung, Uhde and KBR.

 

LNG Vacuum Insulated Pipe

 

This product line consists of vacuum insulated pipe, or VIP, used for LNG transportation within both export and import terminals. This is a growing market as new LNG infrastructure is added around the world. LNG VIP is fabricated to order with projects varying in size from $500,000 to $25 million. Our competitors in the LNG VIP market include Technip and ITP. In general, our customers are the major EPC firms, such as Technip and Bechtel. LNG VIP competes directly with mechanically insulated pipe which takes longer to install and requires higher maintenance over its life.

 

Distribution and Storage Segment

 

Through our D&S segment, which accounted for 48% of our sales for the year ended December 31, 2007, we are a leading supplier of cryogenic equipment to the global bulk and packaged industrial gas markets. Demand for the products supplied by this segment is driven primarily by the significant installed base of users of cryogenic liquids as well as new applications and distribution technologies for cryogenic liquids. Our products span the entire spectrum of the industrial gas market from small customers requiring cryogenic packaged gases to large users requiring custom engineered cryogenic storage systems. Our products in the D&S segment include the following:

 

Cryogenic Bulk Storage Systems

 

We are a leading supplier of cryogenic bulk storage systems of various sizes ranging from 500 gallons to 180,000 gallons. Using sophisticated vacuum insulation systems placed between inner and outer vessels, these bulk storage systems are able to store and transport liquefied industrial gases and hydrocarbon gases at temperatures from −100° Fahrenheit to temperatures nearing absolute zero. End use customers for our cryogenic storage tanks include industrial gas producers and distributors, chemical producers, manufacturers of electrical components, health care organizations, food processors and businesses in the oil and natural gas industries. Prices for our

cryogenic bulk storage systems range from $10,000 to $1 million. Global industrial gas producers and distributors, including Air Products, Air Liquide, Linde, Airgas, Praxair and Messer, are significant customers for our cryogenic bulk storage systems. On a worldwide basis, we compete primarily with Taylor-Wharton International or Taylor-Wharton in this product area. Taylor-Wharton was acquired by Windpoint Partners in December 2007 when they acquired the Harsco GasServ group of technology businesses from Harsco Corporation. In the European and Asian markets, we compete with several suppliers owned by the global industrial gas producers as well as independent regional suppliers.

 

Cryogenic Packaged Gas Systems

 

We are a leading supplier of cryogenic packaged gas systems of various sizes ranging from 160 liters to 2,000 liters. Cryogenic liquid cylinders are used extensively in the packaged gas industry to allow smaller quantities of liquid to be easily delivered to the customers of the industrial gas distributors on a full-for-empty or fill on site basis. Principal customers for our liquid cylinders are the same global industrial gas producers and the North American industrial gas distributors who purchase our cryogenic bulk storage systems. We compete on a worldwide basis primarily with Taylor-Wharton in this product area. We have developed two technologies in the packaged gas product area: ORCA Micro-Bulk systems and Tri-fecta^® Laser Gas assist systems. ORCA Micro-Bulk systems bring the ease of use and distribution economics of bulk gas supply to customers formerly supplied by high pressure or cryogenic liquid cylinders. The ORCA Micro-Bulk system is the substantial market leader in this growing product line. The Tri-fecta^® Laser Gas assist system was developed to meet the “assist gas” performance requirements for new high powered lasers being used in the metal fabrication industry.

 

Cryogenic Systems and Components

 

Our line of cryogenic components, including VIP, engineered bulk gas installations and specialty liquid nitrogen end-use equipment are recognized in the market for their reliability, quality and performance. These products are sold to industrial gas producers, as well as to a diverse group of distributors, resellers and end users. We compete with a number of suppliers of cryogenic systems and components, including Acme Cryogenics, Vacuum Barrier Corporation and others.

 

LNG Applications

 

We supply cryogenic solutions for the storage, distribution, vaporization, and application of LNG. LNG may be utilized as a primary source of heat or power at industrial or residential complexes located away from a natural gas pipeline. LNG may also be used for peak shaving or as a back up supply at remote locations. We refer to this as a Virtual Pipeline as the natural gas pipeline is replaced with cryogenic containers to deliver the gas to the end user. We supply cryogenic trailers, bulk storage tanks, tap-off facilities, and vaporization equipment specially configured for LNG into Virtual Pipeline applications. LNG may also be used as a fuel to power vehicles. LNG vehicle fueling applications consist of LNG and liquid/compressed natural gas refueling systems for centrally fueled fleets of vehicles powered by natural gas, such as fleets operated by metropolitan transportation authorities, refuse haulers and heavy-duty truck fleets. We sell LNG applications around the world from all D&S facilities to numerous end users, energy companies, and gas distributors. Competition for LNG applications is based primarily on product design, customer support and service, dependability and price. Our competitors tend to be regionally focused or product specific while Chart is able to supply a broad range of solutions required by LNG applications.

 

Beverage Liquid CO₂ Systems

 

This product line consists primarily of vacuum insulated, bulk liquid CO₂ containers used for beverage carbonation in restaurants, convenience stores and cinemas, in sizes ranging from 100 pounds to 750 pounds of liquid CO₂ storage. We also manufacture and market non-insulated, bulk fountain syrup containers for side-by-side installation with our CO₂ systems. Our beverage systems are sold to national restaurant chains, soft drink companies and CO₂ distributors. Our primary competitors for our bulk liquid CO₂ beverage delivery systems are Taylor-Wharton and other producers of high-pressure gaseous CO₂ cylinders.

Cryogenic Services

 

We operate three locations in the United States providing installation, service and maintenance of cryogenic products including storage tanks, liquid cylinders, cryogenic trailers, cryogenic pumps and VIP.

 

BioMedical Segment

 

The BioMedical segment, which accounted for 14% of our sales for the year ended December 31, 2007, consists of various product lines built around our core competencies in cryogenics, but with a focus on the medical and biological users of the liquids and gases instead of the large producers and distributors of cryogenic liquids. Our products in the BioMedical segment include the following:

 

Medical Products

 

Our medical oxygen product line is comprised of a limited range of medical respiratory products, including liquid oxygen systems and ambulatory oxygen systems, both of which are used for the in-home supplemental oxygen treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, such as bronchitis, emphysema and asthma.

 

Individuals for whom supplemental oxygen is prescribed generally receive an oxygen system from a home healthcare provider, medical equipment dealer, or gas supplier. The provider or physician usually selects which type of oxygen system to recommend to its customers: liquid oxygen systems, oxygen concentrators or high-pressure oxygen cylinders. Of these modalities, physicians generally believe that liquid oxygen offers greater long-term therapeutic benefits by providing the option of increased patient ambulation.

 

Our primary competitor in the medical products line is the Puritan-Bennett brand product of Covidien Ltd., or Covidien. In June 2007, Covidien became the parent company of the former healthcare business of Tyco International Ltd. We believe that competition for liquid oxygen systems is based primarily upon product quality, performance, reliability, ease-of-service and price and we focus our marketing strategies on these considerations.

 

Biological Storage Systems

 

This product line consists of vacuum insulated containment vessels for the storage of biological materials. The primary markets for this product line include medical laboratories, biotech/pharmaceutical, research facilities, blood and tissue banks, veterinary laboratories, large-scale repositories and artificial insemination, particularly in the beef and dairy industry.

 

The significant competitors for biological storage systems include a few large companies worldwide, such as Taylor-Wharton, Air Liquide and IBP. These products are sold through multiple channels of distribution specifically applicable to each market sector. The distribution channels range from highly specialized cryogenic storage systems providers to general supply and catalogue distribution operations to breeding service providers. Historically, competition in this field has been focused on design, reliability and price. Additionally, we believe our understanding of the end-user’s applications and concerns enables us to sell a “total value” package. Alternatives to vacuum insulated containment vessels include mechanical, electrically powered refrigeration.

 

MRI Components

 

The basis of the MRI technique is that the magnetic properties of certain nuclei of the human body can be detected, measured and converted into images for analysis. MRI equipment uses high-strength magnetic fields, applied radio waves and high-speed computers to obtain cross-sectional images of the body. The major components of the MRI assembly are a series of concentric thermal shields and a supercooled electromagnet immersed in a liquid helium vessel, a cryostat, that maintains a constant, extremely low temperature (4 kelvin; −452° Fahrenheit) to achieve superconductivity. We manufacture large cryostats, various cryogenic interfaces, electrical feed-throughs and various other MRI components that are used to transfer power and/or cryogenic fluids from the exterior of the MRI unit to the various layers of the cryostat and superconducting magnet. We currently sell all of our MRI components to General Electric or GE, a leading worldwide manufacturer of MRI equipment.

Engineering and Product Development

 

Our engineering and product development activities are focused on developing new and improved solutions and equipment for the users of cryogenic liquids. Our engineering, technical and marketing employees actively assist customers in specifying their needs and in determining appropriate products to meet those needs. Portions of our engineering expenditures typically are charged to customers, either as separate items or as components of product cost.

 

Competition

 

We believe we can compete effectively around the world and that we are a leading competitor in our markets. Competition is based primarily on performance and the ability to provide the design, engineering and manufacturing capabilities required in a timely and cost-efficient manner. Contracts are usually awarded on a competitive bid basis. Quality, technical expertise and timeliness of delivery are the principal competitive factors within the industry. Price and terms of sale are also important competitive factors. Because independent third-party prepared market share data is not available, it is difficult to know for certain our exact position in our markets, although we believe we rank among the leaders in each of the markets we serve. We base our statements about industry and market positions on our reviews of annual reports and published investor presentations of our competitors and augment this data with information received by marketing consultants conducting competition interviews and our sales force and field contacts.

 

Marketing

 

We market our products and services throughout the world primarily through direct sales personnel and through independent sales representatives and distributors. The technical and custom design nature of our products requires a professional, highly trained sales force. While each salesperson and sales representative is expected to develop a highly specialized knowledge of one product or group of products within one of our segments, each salesperson and certain sales representatives are able to sell many products from different segments to a single customer. We use independent sales representatives and distributors to market our products and services in certain foreign countries that we serve and in certain North American markets. These independent sales representatives supplement our direct sales force in dealing with language and cultural matters. Our domestic and foreign independent sales representatives earn commissions on sales, which vary by product type.

 

Backlog

 

The dollar amount of our backlog as of December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 was $475.3 million, $319.2 million and $233.6 million, respectively. Backlog is comprised of the portion of firm signed purchase orders or other written contractual commitments received from customers that we have not recognized as revenue under the percentage of completion method or based upon shipment. Backlog can be significantly affected by the timing of orders for large products, particularly in the E&C segment, and the amount of backlog at December 31, 2007 described above is not necessarily indicative of future backlog levels or the rate at which backlog will be recognized as sales. Orders included in our backlog may include customary cancellation provisions under which the customer could cancel all or part of the order at times subject to the payment of certain costs and/or penalties. For further information about our backlog, including backlog by segment, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

Customers

 

We sell our products to gas producers, distributors and end-users across the industrial gas, hydrocarbon and chemical processing industries in countries throughout the world. Sales to Air Liquide in 2007 represented approximately 10% of our consolidated sales. No single customer exceeded 10% of consolidated sales in 2006 or 2005. Sales to our top ten customers accounted for 45%, 42% and 39% of consolidated sales in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Our sales to particular customers fluctuate from period to period, but the global producers and distributors of hydrocarbon and industrial gases and their suppliers tend to be a consistently large source of revenue for us. Our supply contracts are generally contracts for “requirements” only. While our customers may be obligated

to purchase a certain percentage of their supplies from us, there are generally no minimum requirements. Also, many of our contracts may be cancelled on as little as one month’s notice. To minimize credit risk from trade receivables, we review the financial condition of potential customers in relation to established credit requirements before sales credit is extended and monitor the financial condition of customers to help ensure timely collections and to minimize losses. In addition, for certain domestic and foreign customers, particularly in the E&C segment, we require advance payments, letters of credit and other such guarantees of payment. Certain customers also require us to issue letters of credit or performance bonds, particularly in instances where advance payments are involved, as a condition of placing the order. We believe our relationships with our customers are generally good.

 

Intellectual Property

 

Although we have a number of patents, trademarks and licenses related to our business, no one of them or related group of them is considered by us to be of such importance that its expiration or termination would have a material adverse effect on our business. In general, we depend upon technological capabilities, manufacturing quality control and application of know-how, rather than patents or other proprietary rights, in the conduct of our business.

 

Raw Materials and Suppliers

 

We manufacture most of the products we sell. The raw materials used in manufacturing include aluminum products (including sheets, bars, plate and piping), stainless steel products (including sheets, plates, heads and piping), palladium oxide, carbon steel products (including sheets, plates and heads), 9% nickel steel products (including heads and plates), valves and gauges and fabricated metal components. Most raw materials are available from multiple sources of supply. We believe our relationships with our raw material suppliers and other vendors are generally good. The commodity metals we use have experienced significant cost increases. We have generally been able to recover these cost increases through product price increases and surcharges in our contracts with customers. However, there are no assurances that we will be able to recover future increases in commodity metal costs through our customer contracts. We foresee no acute shortages of any raw materials that would have a material adverse effect on our operations.

 

Employees

 

As of January 31, 2008, we had 2,751 employees, including 1,723 domestic employees and 1,028 international employees. These employees consisted of 987 salaried, 365 bargaining unit hourly and 1,399 non-bargaining unit hourly.

 

We are a party to one collective bargaining agreement with the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers covering 365 employees at our La Crosse, Wisconsin heat exchanger facility. In February 2007, we entered into a new three-year agreement to replace the previous agreement, which expired at that time. In connection with the negotiation of the new collective bargaining agreement for our La Crosse, Wisconsin facility described above, we experienced a work stoppage from the time that the previous agreement expired on February 3, 2007, until the terms of the new agreement were reached on February 7, 2007. The brief work stoppage had no material impact on the Company, and we continue to believe that our relationships with our employees are generally good.

 

Environmental Matters

 

Our operations have historically included and currently include the handling and use of hazardous and other regulated substances, such as various cleaning fluids used to remove grease from metal, that are subject to federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations. These regulations impose limitations on the discharge of pollutants into the soil, air and water, and establish standards for their handling, management, use, storage and disposal. We monitor and review our procedures and policies for compliance with environmental laws and regulations. Our management is familiar with these regulations, and supports an ongoing program to maintain our adherence to required standards.

We are involved with environmental compliance, investigation, monitoring and remediation activities at certain of our owned or formerly owned manufacturing facilities and at one owned facility that is leased to a third party. We believe that we are currently in substantial compliance with all known environmental regulations. We accrue for certain environmental remediation-related activities for which commitments or remediation plans have been developed and for which costs can be reasonably estimated. These estimates are determined based upon currently available facts regarding each facility. Actual costs incurred may vary from these estimates due to the inherent uncertainties involved. Future expenditures relating to these environmental remediation efforts are expected to be made over the next 14 years as ongoing costs of remediation programs. Although we believe we have adequately provided for the cost of all known environmental conditions, additional contamination or changes in regulatory posture could result in more costly remediation measures than budgeted, or those we believe are adequate or required by existing law. We believe that any additional liability in excess of amounts accrued which may result from the resolution of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, liquidity, cash flows or results of operations.

 

Available Information

 

Additional information about the Company is available at http://www.chart-ind.com. On the Investor Relations page of the website, the public may obtain free copies of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as soon as reasonably practicable following the time that they are filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Additionally, the Company has posted its Code of Ethical Business Conduct and Officer Code of Ethics on its website, which are also available free of charge to any shareholder interested in obtaining a copy. This Form 10-K and reports filed with the SEC are also accessible through the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

 

 

Investing in our common stock involves substantial risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below as well as the other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K in evaluating your investment in us. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition, operating results or cash flows could be harmed materially. Additional risks, uncertainties and other factors that are not currently known to us or that we believe are not currently material may also adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results or cash flows. In any of these cases, you may lose all or part of your investment in us.

 

Risks Related to our Business

 

The markets we serve are subject to cyclical demand, which could harm our business and make it difficult to project long-term performance.

 

Demand for our products depends in large part upon the level of capital and maintenance expenditures by many of our customers and end users, in particular those customers in the global hydrocarbon and industrial gas markets. These customers’ expenditures historically have been cyclical in nature and vulnerable to economic downturns. Decreased capital and maintenance spending by these customers could have a material adverse effect on the demand for our products and our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, this historically cyclical demand limits our ability to make accurate long-term predictions about the performance of our company.

 

For example, certain of our core businesses underperformed in the years prior to 2004 due to a general downturn in capital spending in the global and domestic industrial gas markets. While we have experienced growth in demand since late 2003 in the global hydrocarbon and industrial gas markets, this growth may not continue and our businesses’ performance may not be markedly better or may be worse in the future. For example, while we have recently experienced increased order activity for smaller and mid-size LNG projects and industrial gas plants, we have experienced delay in the receipt of some large LNG liquefier and GTL projects resulting from industry cost growth, constrained resources and local political uncertainty. Likewise, an overall economic downturn in the United States could have a negative impact on our domestic D&S business, which historically has been sensitive to domestic capital spending. In addition, changing world economic and political conditions may reduce the

willingness of our customers and prospective customers to commit funds to purchase our products and services. Further, in 2005, the U.S. government announced the reduction of the amount of dollars it offered as reimbursement to our customers for purchasing our medical oxygen therapy products, which has adversely affected demand for these products.

 

 

Sales to Air Liquide accounted for approximately 10% of our total sales for the year ended December 31, 2007 and a small number of customers has accounted for a substantial portion of our historical net sales. For example, sales to our top ten customers accounted for 45%, 42% and 39% of consolidated sales in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. We expect that a limited number of customers will continue to represent a substantial portion of our sales for the foreseeable future. While our sales to particular customers fluctuate from period to period, the global producers and distributors of hydrocarbon and industrial gases and their suppliers tend to be a consistently large source of revenue for us.

 

The loss of any of our major customers or a decrease or delay in orders or anticipated spending by such customers could materially reduce our revenues and profitability. Our largest customers could also engage in business combinations, which could increase their size, reduce their demand for our products as they recognize synergies or rationalize assets and increase or decrease the portion of our total sales concentration to any single customer. For example Linde and BOC engaged in a business combination in 2006. Additionally, we currently sell all of our magnetic resonance imaging, or MRI, components to GE, a leading worldwide manufacturer of MRI equipment, which accounted for approximately $6.6 million in sales for the year ended December 31, 2007. The loss of, or significant reduction in, purchases of our MRI components by GE could reduce revenues and profitability in our BioMedical segment.

 

We may be unable to compete successfully in the highly competitive markets in which we operate.

 

Although many of our products serve niche markets, a number of our direct and indirect competitors in these markets are major corporations, some of which have substantially greater technical, financial and marketing resources than we, and other competitors may enter these markets. Any increase in competition may cause us to lose market share or compel us to reduce prices to remain competitive, which could result in reduced sales and earnings. Companies, or their divisions, that operate in our industry include Air Products, Kobe, Linde, Nordon, Puritan-Bennett, Sumitomo and Taylor-Wharton. Additionally, we compete with several suppliers owned by global industrial gas producers and many smaller fabrication-only facilities around the world. Increased competition with these companies could prevent the institution of price increases or could require price reductions or increased spending on research and development, and marketing and sales, any of which could materially reduce our revenues, profitability or both. In the event of an industry downturn, customers who typically outsource their need for cryogenic systems to us may use their excess capacity to produce such systems themselves. We also compete in the sale of a limited number of products with certain of our major customers.

 

As a global business, we are exposed to economic, political and other risks in different countries which could materially reduce our revenues, profitability or cash flows, or materially increase our liabilities.

 

Since we manufacture and sell our products worldwide, our business is subject to risks associated with doing business internationally. In 2007, 58% of our sales were made in international markets. Our future results could be harmed by a variety of factors, including:

 

 

 

Our international operations also expose us to different local political and business risks and challenges. For example, we are faced with potential difficulties in staffing and managing local operations and we have to design local solutions to manage credit and legal risks of local customers and distributors. In addition, because some of our international sales are to suppliers that perform work for foreign governments, we are subject to the political risks associated with foreign government projects. For example, certain foreign governments may require suppliers for a project to obtain products solely from local manufacturers or may prohibit the use of products manufactured in certain countries.

 

International growth and expansion into emerging markets, such as China, Central and Eastern Europe, India and the Middle East, may cause us difficulty due to greater regulatory barriers than in the United States, the necessity of adapting to new regulatory systems, problems related to entering new markets with different economic, social and political systems, and significant competition from the primary participants in these markets, some of which may have substantially greater resources than us.

 

Our overall success as a global business depends, in part, upon our ability to succeed in differing economic, social and political conditions. We may not succeed in developing and implementing policies and strategies to counter the foregoing factors effectively in each location where we do business and the foregoing factors may cause a reduction in our revenues, profitability or cash flows, or cause an increase in our liabilities.

 

 

We expect to continue to expand our operations in the United States and abroad, particularly in China, the Czech Republic and Middle East. Our ability to operate our business successfully and implement our strategies depends, in part, on our ability to allocate our resources optimally in each of our facilities in order to maintain efficient operations as we expand. Ineffective management of our growth could cause manufacturing inefficiencies, increase our operating costs, place significant strain on our management and administrative resources and prevent us from implementing our business plan.

 

For example, we have invested or plan to invest approximately $15 million in new capital expenditures in the United States and China in 2007 and 2008 related to the expected growth of our E&C and D&S segments. If we fail to implement these capital projects in a timely and effective manner, we may lose the opportunity to obtain some customer orders. Even if we effectively implement these projects, the orders needed to support the capital expenditure may not be obtained, may be delayed, or may be less than expected, which may result in sales or

profitability at lower levels than anticipated. For example, while we invested significantly in the expansion of our E&C segment in recent years, we experienced delay in some of the orders initially anticipated to support the cold box portion of that expansion, which resulted in the underutilization of some of our capacity. In addition, potential cost overruns, delays or unanticipated problems in any capital expansion could make the expansion more costly than originally predicted.

 

 

Our ability to successfully operate and grow our business and implement our strategies is largely dependent on the efforts, abilities and services of our senior management and other key employees. Our future success will also depend on, among other factors, our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel, such as engineers and other skilled labor, either through direct hiring or the acquisition of other businesses employing such professionals. Our products, many of which are highly engineered, represent specialized applications of cryogenic or low temperature technologies and know-how, and many of the markets we serve represent niche markets for these specialized applications. Accordingly, we rely heavily on engineers, salespersons, business unit leaders, senior management and other key employees who have experience in these specialized applications and are knowledgeable about these niche markets, our products, and our company. Additionally, we may modify our management structure from time to time, as we did in 2007 in our E&C segment, which may create marketing, operational and other business risks. The loss of the services of these senior managers or other key employees, any modification of our management structure or the failure to attract or retain other qualified personnel could reduce the competitiveness of our business or otherwise impair our business prospects.

 

Fluctuations in the prices and availability of raw materials and our exposure to fixed-price contracts including exposure to fixed pricing on long-term customer contracts, could negatively impact our financial results.

 

The pricing and availability of raw materials for use in our businesses can be volatile due to numerous factors beyond our control, including general, domestic and international economic conditions, labor costs, production levels, competition, consumer demand, import duties and tariffs and currency exchange rates. This volatility can significantly affect the availability and cost of raw materials for us, and may, therefore, increase the short-term or long-term costs of raw materials.

 

The commodity metals we use, including aluminum and stainless steel, have experienced significant upward fluctuations in price. On average, over half of our cost of sales is represented by the cost of commodities metals. We have generally been able to recover the cost increases through price increases to our customers; however, during periods of rising prices of raw materials, such as in 2005, 2006 and 2007, we may be unable to pass a portion of such increases on to our customers. Conversely, when raw material prices decline, customer demands for lower prices could result in lower sale prices and, to the extent we have existing inventory, lower margins. As a result, fluctuations in raw material prices could result in lower revenues and profitability.

 

In addition, a substantial portion of our sales is derived from fixed-price contracts for large system projects, which may involve long-term fixed price commitments to customers. We have experienced difficulties in executing contracts of this kind in the past. For example, we recently executed two large projects each involving over $30 million of revenue on which our margins deteriorated significantly. On one of these projects, we experienced significant cost overruns that resulted in significant project losses. The other project was disrupted by a storm and related damage, and the customer made the decision in early 2007 to repair the damage through costly purchases of new replacement materials and has asserted we are responsible for these and other repairs. We may be required to pay for some of these or other repair costs in the future to the extent the customer successfully asserts that we are responsible for the damage, which we would contest vigorously.

 

To the extent that any of our fixed-price contracts are delayed, our subcontractors fail to perform, contract counterparties successfully assert claims against us, the original cost estimates in these or other contracts prove to be inaccurate or the contracts do not permit us to pass increased costs on to our customers, profitability from a particular contract may decrease or project losses may be incurred, which, in turn, could decrease our revenues and

overall profitability. The uncertainties associated with our fixed-price contracts make it more difficult to predict our future results and exacerbate the risk that our results will not match expectations, which has happened in the past.

 

 

A component of our business strategy is the acquisition of businesses that complement our existing products and services. Such a strategy involves the potential risks inherent in assessing the value, strengths, weaknesses, contingent or other liabilities and potential profitability of acquisition candidates and in integrating the operations of acquired companies. In addition, any acquisition of a foreign business may increase our exposure to certain risks inherent in doing business outside the United States.

 

From time to time, we may have acquisition discussions with potential target companies both domestically and internationally. If a large acquisition opportunity arises and we proceed, a substantial portion of our cash and surplus borrowing capacity could be used for the acquisition or we may seek additional debt or equity financing.

 

Potential acquisition opportunities become available to us from time to time, and we engage periodically in discussions or negotiations relating to potential acquisitions, including acquisitions that may be material in size or scope to our business. Any acquisition may or may not occur and, if an acquisition does occur, it may not be successful in enhancing our business for one or more of the following reasons:

 

 

Inherent in any future acquisition is the risk of transitioning company cultures and facilities. The failure to efficiently and effectively achieve such transitions could increase our costs and decrease our profitability.

 

 

The industries we serve, particularly the energy and biomedical industries, experience periodic technological change and product improvement. Manufacturers periodically introduce new generations of products or require new technological capacity to develop customized products or respond to industry developments or needs. Our future growth will depend on our ability to gauge the direction of the commercial and technological progress in our markets, as well as our ability to acquire new product technology or fund and successfully develop, manufacture and market products in this constantly changing environment. We must continue to identify, develop, manufacture and market innovative products on a timely basis to replace existing products in order to maintain our profit margins and competitive position. We may not be successful in acquiring and developing new products or technology and any of our new products may not be accepted by our customers. If we fail to keep pace with evolving technological innovations in the markets we serve, our profitability may decrease.

 

We carry significant goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets on our balance sheet, which are subject to impairment testing and could subject us to significant charges to earnings in the future if impairment occurs.

 

As of December 31, 2007, we had goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets of $282.5 million, which represented approximately 34% of our total assets. The value of these assets may increase in the future if we complete acquisitions as part of our overall business strategy. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized, but are tested for impairment annually or more often if events or changes in circumstances indicate a potential impairment may exist. Factors that could indicate that our goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible assets are impaired include a decline in stock price and market capitalization, lower than projected operating results and cash flows, and slower growth rates in our industry. To test for impairment, a model to estimate the fair market value of

our reporting segments has been developed. This fair market value model incorporates our estimates of future operating results and cash flows, estimates of allocations of certain assets and cash flows among reporting segments, estimates of future growth rates and our judgment regarding the applicable discount rates to use to discount those estimated operating results and cash flows. If impairment is determined to exist, we are required to record a charge to earnings in our financial statements, which may be significant. While we do not presently anticipate that any of our goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible assets will be impaired in the foreseeable future, if an impairment is determined to exist and we are required to record a charge to earnings, it may result in significantly decreased profitability and shareholders’ equity.

 

We may be required to make material expenditures in order to comply with environmental, health and safety laws, or incur additional liabilities under these laws.

 

We are subject to numerous environmental, health and safety laws and regulations that impose various environmental controls on us or otherwise relate to environmental protection and various health and safety matters, including the discharge of pollutants in the air and water, the handling, use, treatment, storage and clean-up of solid and hazardous materials and wastes, the investigation and remediation of soil and groundwater affected by hazardous substances and the requirement to obtain and maintain permits and licenses. These laws and regulations often impose strict, retroactive and joint and several liability for the costs of, and damages resulting from, cleaning up our, or our predecessors’, past or present facilities and third party disposal sites. Compliance with these laws generally increases the costs of transportation and storage of raw materials and finished products, as well as the costs of storing and disposing waste, and could decrease our liquidity and profitability and increase our liabilities. Health and safety and other laws in the jurisdictions in which we operate impose various requirements on us including state licensing requirements that may benefit our customers. If we are found to have violated any of these laws, we may become subject to corrective action orders and fines or penalties, and incur substantial costs, including substantial remediation costs and commercial liability to our customers. Further, we also could be subject to future liability resulting from conditions that are currently unknown to us that could be discovered in the future.

 

We are currently remediating or developing work plans for remediation of environmental conditions involving certain current or former facilities. For example, the discovery of contamination arising from historical industrial operations at our Clarksville, Arkansas property has exposed us, and in the future may continue to expose us, to remediation obligations. To date, our environmental remediation expenditures and costs for otherwise complying with environmental laws and regulations have not been material, but the uncertainties associated with the investigation and remediation of contamination and the fact that such laws or regulations change frequently makes predicting the cost or impact of such laws and regulations on our future operations uncertain. Stricter environmental, safety and health laws, regulations or enforcement policies could result in substantial costs and liabilities to us and could subject us to more rigorous scrutiny. Consequently, compliance with these laws could result in significant expenditures as well as other costs and liabilities that could decrease our liquidity and profitability and increase our liabilities.

 

The insolvency of a formerly consolidated subsidiary could have a material adverse impact on our liquidity and financial position.

 

In March 2003, our U.K. subsidiary, Chart Heat Exchangers Limited, or CHEL, which previously operated the closed Wolverhampton, United Kingdom manufacturing facility, filed for a voluntary administration under the U.K. Insolvency Act of 1986. Additionally, we received information that indicated that CHEL’s net pension plan obligations had increased significantly, primarily due to a decline in plan asset values and interest rates, as well as increased plan liabilities, resulting in an estimated plan deficit as of March 2003. Based on our financial condition in March 2003, we determined not to advance funds to CHEL to fund CHEL’s obligations. Since CHEL was unable to fund its net pension deficit, the trustees of the CHEL pension plan took action to wind up the plan. No claims related to the CHEL insolvency presently are pending or have been brought against us by persons impacted by the insolvency. Nevertheless, claims may be asserted against us related to these matters. To the extent we are found to have significant liability with respect to CHEL’s obligations, such liability could have a material adverse impact on our liquidity, profitability and financial condition as a result of CHEL’s insolvency.

Due to the nature of our business and products, we may be liable for damages based on product liability and warranty claims.

 

Due to the high pressures and low temperatures at which many of our products are used and the fact that some of our products are relied upon by our customers or end users in their facilities or operations, or are manufactured for relatively broad consumer use, we face an inherent risk of exposure to claims in the event that the failure, use or misuse of our products results, or is alleged to result, in bodily injury, property damage or economic loss. We believe that we meet or exceed existing professional specification standards recognized or required in the industries in which we operate. We are subject to claims from time to time, some of which are substantial but none of which historically have had a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations, and we may be subject to claims in the future. Although we currently maintain product liability coverage, which we believe is adequate for the continued operation of our business, such insurance may become difficult to obtain or be unobtainable in the future on terms acceptable to us and generally does not cover warranty claims. A successful product liability claim or series of claims against us, including one or more consumer claims purporting to constitute class actions, in excess of our insurance coverage or a significant warranty claim or series of claims against us could materially decrease our liquidity and impair our financial condition.

 

Increases in labor costs, potential labor disputes and work stoppages at our facilities could materially decrease our revenues and profitability.

 

Our financial performance is affected by the availability of qualified personnel and the cost of labor. As of January 31, 2008, we had 2,751 employees, including 987 salaried, 365 bargaining unit hourly and 1,399 non-bargaining unit hourly employees. Employees represented by a union were subject to one collective bargaining agreement in the United States that expired in February 2007. A new three-year agreement was entered into in February 2007, and expires in February 2010. In connection with negotiating this new collective bargaining agreement, we experienced a work stoppage from the time that the previous agreement expired on February 3, 2007 until the terms of the new agreement were reached on February 7, 2007. If we are unable to enter into new, satisfactory labor agreements with our unionized employees when necessary in the future or other labor controversies or union organizing efforts arise, we could experience a significant disruption to our operations, lose business or experience an increase in our operating expenses, which could reduce our profit margins.

 

Fluctuations in exchange and interest rates may affect our operating results.

 

Fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar may decrease our sales or earnings. Because our consolidated financial results are reported in U.S. dollars, if we generate sales or earnings in other currencies, the translation of those results into U.S. dollars can result in a significant increase or decrease in the amount of those sales or earnings. We also bid for certain foreign projects in U.S. dollars. If the U.S. dollar strengthens relative to the value of the local currency, we may be less competitive on those projects. In addition, our debt service requirements are primarily in U.S. dollars and a portion of our cash flow is generated in euros or other foreign currencies. Significant changes in the value of the foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar could limit our ability to meet interest and principal payments on our debt and impair our financial condition.

 

In addition, fluctuations in currencies relative to the U.S. dollar may make it more difficult to perform period-to-period comparisons of our reported results of operations. For purposes of accounting, the assets and liabilities of our foreign operations, where the local currency is the functional currency, are translated using period-end exchange rates, and the revenues and expenses of our foreign operations are translated using average exchange rates during each period.

 

In addition to currency translation risks, we incur currency transaction risk whenever we or one of our subsidiaries enters into either a purchase or a sales transaction using a currency other than the local currency of the transacting entity. Given the volatility of exchange rates, we may not be able to effectively manage our currency and/or translation risks. Volatility in currency exchange rates may decrease our revenues and profitability and impair our financial condition. We have purchased and may continue to purchase foreign currency forward purchase and sales contracts to manage the risk of adverse currency fluctuations.

Our operations could be impacted by the effects of hurricanes or other severe weather, which could be more severe than the damage and impact that our New Iberia, Louisiana operations encountered from hurricanes in 2005.

 

Some of our operations, including our operations in New Iberia, Louisiana and Houston, Texas, are located in geographic regions and physical locations that are susceptible to physical damage and longer-term economic disruption from hurricanes or other severe weather. We also could make significant capital expenditures in hurricane-susceptible or other severe weather locations from time to time. These weather events can disrupt our operations, result in damage to our properties and negatively affect the local economy in which these facilities operate. In 2005, for example, our New Iberia, Louisiana operations encountered some damage from the storm surge and flooding caused by Hurricane Rita. Future hurricanes or other severe weather may cause production or delivery delays as a result of the physical damage to the facilities, the unavailability of employees and temporary workers, the shortage of or delay in receiving certain raw materials or manufacturing supplies and the diminished availability or delay of transportation for customer shipments, any of which may have an adverse affect on our revenues and profitability. Although we maintain insurance subject to certain deductibles, which may cover some of our losses, that insurance may become unavailable or prove to be inadequate.

 

Failure to protect our intellectual property and know-how could reduce or eliminate any competitive advantage and reduce our sales and profitability.

 

We rely on a combination of internal procedures, nondisclosure agreements, intellectual property rights assignment agreements, licenses, patents, trademarks and copyright law to protect our intellectual property and know-how. Our intellectual property rights may not be successfully asserted in the future or may be invalidated, circumvented or challenged. For example, we frequently explore and evaluate potential relationships and projects with other parties, which often requires that we provide the potential partner with confidential technical information. While confidentiality agreements are typically put in place, there is a risk the potential partner could violate the confidentiality agreement and use our technical information for its own benefit or the benefit of others or compromise the confidentiality. In addition, the laws of certain foreign countries in which our products may be sold or manufactured do not protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. For example, we are increasing our manufacturing capabilities and sales in China, where laws may not protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as in the United States. Failure or inability to protect our proprietary information could result in a decrease in our sales or profitability.

 

We have obtained and applied for some U.S. and foreign trademark and patent registrations and will continue to evaluate the registration of additional trademarks and patents, as appropriate. We cannot guarantee that any of our pending applications will be approved. Moreover, even if the applications are approved, third parties may seek to oppose or otherwise challenge them. A failure to obtain registrations in the United States or elsewhere could limit our ability to protect our trademarks and technologies and could impede our business. The patents in our patent portfolio are scheduled to expire between 2008 and 2025.

 

In addition, we may be unable to prevent third parties from using our intellectual property rights and know-how without our authorization or from independently developing intellectual property that is the same as or similar to ours, particularly in those countries where the laws do not protect our intellectual property rights as fully as in the United States. We compete in a number of industries (for example, heat exchangers and cryogenic storage) that are small or specialized, which makes it easier for a competitor to monitor our activities and increases the risk that ideas will be stolen. The unauthorized use of our know-how by third parties could reduce or eliminate any competitive advantage we have developed, cause us to lose sales or otherwise harm our business or increase our expenses as we attempt to enforce our rights.

 

We may be subject to claims that our products or processes infringe the intellectual property rights of others, which may cause us to pay unexpected litigation costs or damages, modify our products or processes or prevent us from selling our products.

 

Although it is our intention to avoid infringing or otherwise violating the intellectual property rights of others, third parties may nevertheless claim (and in the past have claimed) that our processes and products infringe their

intellectual property and other rights. For example, a third party has claimed that we may infringe certain patents related to cryogenic pipe technology and may have breached an undertaking relating to same, although we believe that these claims are without merit. In addition, our BioMedical business manufactures products for relatively broad consumer use, is actively marketing these products in multiple jurisdictions internationally and risks infringing technologies that may be protected in one or more of these international jurisdictions as the scope of our international marketing efforts expands. Our strategies of capitalizing on growing international demand as well as developing new innovative products across multiple business lines present similar infringement claim risks both internationally and in the United States as we expand the scope of our product offerings and markets. We compete with other companies for contracts in some small or specialized industries, which increases the risk that the other companies will develop overlapping technologies leading to an increased possibility that infringement claims will arise. Whether or not these claims have merit, we may be subject to costly and time-consuming legal proceedings, and this could divert our management’s attention from operating our businesses. In order to resolve such proceedings, we may need to obtain licenses from these third parties or substantially re-engineer or rename our products in order to avoid infringement. In addition, we might not be able to obtain the necessary licenses on acceptable terms, or at all, or be able to reengineer or rename our products successfully.

 

We are subject to regulations governing the export of our products.

 

Due to our significant foreign sales, our export activities are subject to regulation, including the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control’s regulations. While we believe we are in compliance with these regulations, we may currently or may in the future be in violation of these regulations. Any violations may subject us to government scrutiny, investigation and civil and criminal penalties and may limit our ability to export our products.

 

Additional liabilities related to taxes could adversely impact our financial results, financial condition and cash flow.

 

We are subject to tax and related obligations in the jurisdictions in which we operate or do business, including state, local, federal and foreign taxes. The taxing rules of the various jurisdictions in which we operate or do business often are complex and subject to varying interpretations. Tax authorities may challenge tax positions that we take or historically have taken, and may assess taxes where we have not made tax filings or may audit the tax filings we have made and assess additional taxes, as they have done from time to time in the past. Some of these assessments may be substantial, and also may involve the imposition of substantial penalties and interest. For example, a state in which we operate has asserted that we may be liable for substantial state income taxes, penalties and interest related to our operations in the state from 1993 to 2000. If the state issued a formal assessment, we would vigorously contest it, including through administrative and court proceedings, but we may be unsuccessful and ultimately required to pay additional taxes, penalties and interest. The payment of substantial additional taxes, penalties or interest resulting from these assessments could materially and adversely impact our results of operations, financial condition and cash flow.

 

As a provider of products to the U.S. government, we are subject to federal rules, regulations, audits and investigations, the violation or failure of which could adversely affect our business.

 

We sell certain of our products to the U.S. government and, therefore, we must comply with and are affected by laws and regulations governing purchases by the U.S. government. Government contract laws and regulations affect how we do business with our government customers and, in some instances, impose added costs on our business. For example, a violation of specific laws and regulations could result in the imposition of fines and penalties or the termination of our contracts or debarment from bidding on contracts. In some instances, these laws and regulations impose terms or rights that are more favorable to the government than those typically available to commercial parties in negotiated transactions.

Risks Related to our Leverage

 

Our substantial leverage and significant debt service obligations could adversely affect our financial condition, limit our ability to raise additional capital to fund our operations, limit our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry, impact the way we operate our business, expose us to interest rate risk to the extent of our variable rate debt and prevent us from fulfilling our debt service obligations.

 

We are substantially leveraged and have significant debt service obligations. Our financial performance could be affected by our substantial leverage. As of December 31, 2007, our total indebtedness was $250.0 million. In addition, at that date, we had approximately $36.0 million of letters of credit and bank guarantees outstanding and borrowing capacity of approximately $79.0 million under the revolving portion of our senior secured credit facility, after giving effect to the letters of credit and bank guarantees outstanding. We may also incur additional indebtedness in the future. This high level of indebtedness could have important negative consequences to us and you, including:

 

 

Our net cash flow generated from operating activities was $82.5 million, $36.4 million and $30.3 million (on a combined basis) for the years 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Our current level of indebtedness requires that we use a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to pay interest on our indebtedness, which will reduce the availability of cash to fund working capital requirements, capital expenditures, research and development or other general corporate or business activities, including future acquisitions.

 

In addition, a portion of our indebtedness bears interest at variable rates. If market interest rates increase, debt service on our variable-rate debt will rise, which would adversely affect our cash flow.

 

Our business may not generate sufficient cash flow from operations and future borrowings may not be available to us under our senior secured credit facility or otherwise in an amount sufficient to permit us to pay the principal and interest on our indebtedness or fund our other liquidity needs. We may be unable to refinance any of our debt, including our senior secured credit facility or our senior subordinated notes, on commercially reasonable terms. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources.”

 

If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we may be forced to sell assets, seek additional capital or seek to restructure or refinance our indebtedness. These alternative measures may not be successful and may not permit us to meet our scheduled debt service obligations. Our senior secured

credit facility and the indenture under which our senior subordinated notes were issued restrict our ability to use the proceeds from asset sales. We may be unable to consummate those asset sales to raise capital or sell assets at prices that we believe are fair and proceeds that we do receive may be inadequate to meet any debt service obligations then due.

 

We may still be able to incur substantially more debt. This could further exacerbate the risks that we face.

 

We may be able to incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future. The terms of our debt instruments do not fully prohibit us from doing so. The revolving credit portion of our senior secured credit facility provides commitments of up to $115.0 million, approximately $79.0 million of which would have been available for future borrowings (after giving effect to letters of credit and bank guarantees outstanding) as of December 31, 2007. We may also further increase the size of our senior secured credit facility or refinance with higher borrowing limits. If new debt is added to our current debt levels, the related risks that we now face could intensify.

 

The senior secured credit facility and the indenture governing our senior subordinated notes contain a number of restrictive covenants which limit our ability to finance future operations or capital needs or engage in other business activities that may be in our interest.

 

The senior secured credit facility and the indenture governing our senior subordinated notes impose, and the terms of any future indebtedness may impose, operating and other restrictions on us and our subsidiaries. Such restrictions affect or will affect, and in many respects limit or prohibit, among other things, our ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to:

 

 

The senior secured credit facility also requires us to achieve certain financial and operating results and maintain compliance with specified financial ratios. Our ability to comply with these ratios may be affected by events beyond our control.

 

The restrictions contained in the senior secured credit facility and the indenture governing our senior subordinated notes could:

 

 

A breach of any of these covenants or our inability to comply with the required financial ratios could result in a default under our senior secured credit facility and/or the indenture governing our senior subordinated notes. If an event of default occurs under our senior secured credit facility, which includes an event of default under the indenture governing our senior subordinated notes the lenders could elect to:

 

 

 

any of which would result in an event of default under our senior subordinated notes. The lenders will also have the right in these circumstances to terminate any commitments they have to provide further financing.

 

If we were unable to repay or otherwise refinance these borrowings when due, our lenders could sell the collateral securing the senior secured credit facility, which constitutes substantially all of our and our domestic wholly-owned subsidiaries’ assets.

 

We are a holding company and we may depend upon cash from our subsidiaries to service our debt. If we do not receive cash from our subsidiaries, we may be unable to meet our obligations.

 

We are a holding company and all of our operations are conducted through our subsidiaries. Accordingly, we may be dependent upon the earnings and cash flows from our subsidiaries to provide the funds necessary to meet our debt service obligations. If we could not have access to the cash flows of our subsidiaries, we may be unable to pay the principal or interest on our debt. In addition, certain of our subsidiaries are holding companies that rely on subsidiaries of their own as a source of funds to meet any obligations that might arise.

 

Generally, the ability of a subsidiary to make cash available to its parent is affected by its own operating results and is subject to applicable laws and contractual restrictions contained in its debt instruments and other agreements. Moreover, there may be restrictions on payments by our subsidiaries to us under applicable laws, including laws that require companies to maintain minimum amounts of capital and to make payments to shareholders only from profits. As a result, although our subsidiaries may have cash, we may be unable to obtain that cash to satisfy our obligations and make payments to our stockholders, if any.

 

Risks Related to the Trading Market for Our Common Stock

 

Provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws and Delaware law may discourage a takeover attempt.

 

Provisions contained in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws and Delaware law could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us. Provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws and Delaware law impose various procedural and other requirements, which could make it more difficult for stockholders to effect certain corporate actions. For example, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation authorizes our board of directors to determine the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of unissued series of preferred stock, without any vote or action by our stockholders. Therefore, our board of directors can authorize and issue shares of preferred stock with voting or conversion rights that could adversely affect the voting or other rights of holders of our common stock. These rights may have the effect of delaying or deterring a change of control of our company. These provisions could limit the price that certain investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock.

 

 

Not Applicable.

 

 

We occupy 23 principal facilities totaling approximately 2.1 million square feet, with the majority devoted to manufacturing, assembly and storage. Of these manufacturing facilities, approximately 1.6 million square feet are owned and 0.5 million square feet are occupied under operating leases. We consider our manufacturing facilities sufficient to meet our current and planned operational needs in the BioMedical segment. However, we have commenced the expansion of our E&C and D&S segment facilities over the next few years to meet significant current order backlog levels and expected growth in business as both we and our competitors reach capacity. We lease approximately 15,200 square feet for our corporate office in Garfield Heights, Ohio. Our major owned facilities in the United States are subject to mortgages securing our senior secured credit facility.

The following table sets forth certain information about facilities occupied by us as of January 31, 2008:

 

 

 

 

Regulatory Environment

 

We are subject to federal, state and local regulations relating to the discharge of materials into the environment, production and handling of our hazardous and regulated materials and our products and the conduct and condition of our production facilities. We do not believe that these regulatory requirements have had a material effect upon our capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position. We are not anticipating any material capital expenditures in 2008 that are directly related to regulatory compliance matters. We are also not aware of any pending or potential regulatory changes that would have a material adverse impact on our business.

 

 

We are occasionally subject to various legal actions related to performance under contracts, product liability, taxes and other matters, several of which actions claim substantial damages, in the ordinary course of its business. Based on the Company’s historical experience in litigating these claims, as well as the Company’s current assessment of the underlying merits of the claims and applicable insurance, if any, we currently believe the resolution of these other legal claims will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, liquidity, cash flows or results of operations. Future developments may, however, result in resolution of these legal claims in a way that could have a material adverse effect. See Item 1A. “Risk Factors”.

 

Not Applicable.

 

 

The name, age and positions of each Executive Officer of the Company as of February 1, 2008 are as follows:

 

 

 

 

Samuel F. Thomas has served as Chairman of our Board since 2007 and as Chief Executive Officer and President and as a member of our board of directors since October 2003. Prior to joining our company, Mr. Thomas was Executive Vice President of Global Consumables at ESAB Holdings Ltd., a provider of welding consumables and equipment. In addition to his most recent position at ESAB, Mr. Thomas was responsible for ESAB North America during his employment at ESAB Holdings Ltd. Prior to joining ESAB in February 1999, Mr. Thomas was Vice President of Friction Products for Federal Mogul, Inc. Prior to its acquisition by Federal Mogul in 1998, Mr. Thomas was employed by T&N plc from 1976 to 1998, where he served from 1991 as chief executive of several global operating divisions, including industrial sealing, camshafts and friction products.

 

Michael F. Biehl has been our Executive Vice President since April 2006, served as our Chief Accounting Officer from October 2002 until March 2006, and has been our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer since July 2001. Prior to joining us, Mr. Biehl served as Vice President, Finance and Treasurer at Oglebay Norton Company, an industrial minerals mining and processing company. Prior to joining Oglebay Norton in 1992, Mr. Biehl worked in the audit practice of Ernst & Young LLP in Cleveland, Ohio from 1978 to 1992.

 

Matthew J. Klaben is our Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary. Prior to joining us in March 2006, Mr. Klaben was a partner at the law firm of Calfee, Halter & Griswold LLP in Cleveland, Ohio from January 2005 until March 2006, and an associate from April 1998 until December 2004. Before that, Mr. Klaben was an associate at the law firm of Jones Day in Cleveland, Ohio from September 1995 until April 1998.

 

James H. Hoppel, Jr. is our Chief Accounting Officer, Controller and Assistant Treasurer and has served in this position since April 2006. Mr. Hoppel joined Chart in November 2004 as our Controller. Prior to joining us, Mr. Hoppel served as Vice President, Finance for W.W. Holdings, LLC, a manufacturer and distributor of doors and hardware. Before that, Mr. Hoppel held various finance and accounting positions with different organizations, including the transaction services and audit practices of Pricewaterhouse Coopers LLP in Cleveland, Ohio.

 

 

The Company’s common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “GTLS.” Prior to 2008, the common stock traded on the Nasdaq Global Market. The high and low sales prices for the shares of common stock for the periods indicated are set forth in the table below.

 

 

 

 

As of February 1, 2008, there were approximately 16 holders of record of our common stock. Since many holders hold shares in “street name,” we believe that there is a significantly larger number of beneficial owners of our common stock than the number of record holders.

 

We do not currently intend to pay any cash dividends on our common stock, and instead intend to retain earnings, if any, for future operations, potential acquisitions and debt reduction. The amounts available to us to pay cash dividends are restricted by our senior secured credit facility. The indenture governing the notes also limits our ability to pay dividends. Any decision to declare and pay dividends in the future will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on, among other things, our results of operations, financial condition, cash requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant.

 

 

The financial statements referred to as the Pre-Predecessor Company financial statements include the consolidated audited financial statements of Chart Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries prior to our Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings. Our emergence from Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings resulted in a new reporting entity and the adoption of Fresh-Start accounting in accordance with the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Statement of Position 90-7, “Financial Reporting by Entities in Reorganization Under the Bankruptcy Code.” The financial statements referred to as the Predecessor Company financial statements include the consolidated audited financial statements of Chart Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries after our emergence from Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings and prior to the Acquisition, as defined below. The financial statements referred to as the Company financial statements include the consolidated audited financial statements of Chart Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries after the Acquisition.

 

On August 2, 2005, we entered into an agreement and plan of merger with certain of our stockholders, First Reserve Fund X, L.P. or First Reserve, and CI Acquisition, Inc., which provided for the sale of shares of Chart by certain of its stockholders to CI Acquisition, Inc. and the merger of CI Acquisition, Inc. with and into Chart, with Chart surviving the merger as a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of First Reserve. We refer to the stock purchase, merger and related financing thereof collectively as the “Acquisition”. The Acquisition closed on October 17, 2005.

 

The following table sets forth the selected historical consolidated financial information as of the dates and for each of the periods indicated. The Pre-Predecessor Company selected historical consolidated financial data as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 is derived from our audited financial statements for such period, which has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, and which is not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Predecessor Company selected historical consolidated financial data as of and for the three months ended December 31, 2003, as of and for the year ended December 31, 2004 and as

of October 16, 2005 is derived from audited financial statements for such period, which have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, and which are not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Predecessor Company selected historical consolidated financial data for the period from January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005 is derived from our audited financial statements for such periods incorporated by reference into Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP. The Company selected historical consolidated financial data as of December 31, 2005 is derived from our audited financial statements for such period, which have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, and which are not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Company selected historical financial consolidated data for the period from October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005, as of and for the year ended December 31, 2006, and as of and for the year ended December 31, 2007 are derived from our audited financial statements for such period incorporated by reference into Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP.

 

You should read the following table together with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes, included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The following discussion and analysis of our results of operations includes periods prior to the consummation of the Acquisition, and periods after the consummation of the Acquisition. Accordingly, the discussion and analysis of all historical periods does not reflect fully the significant impact that the Acquisition did have on us, including significantly increased leverage and liquidity requirements. You should read the following discussion of our results of operations and financial condition in conjunction with the “Selected Financial Data” section and our consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Actual results may differ materially from those discussed below. This discussion contains forward-looking statements. See “Forward-Looking Statements” at the end of this discussion and Item 1A. “Risk Factors” for a discussion of certain of the uncertainties, risks and assumptions associated with these statements.

 

Overview

 

We are a leading independent global manufacturer of highly engineered equipment used in the production, storage and end-use of hydrocarbon and industrial gases. The largest portion of end-use applications for our products is energy-related. We are a leading manufacturer of standard and engineered equipment primarily used for low-temperature and cryogenic applications. We have developed an expertise in cryogenic systems and equipment, which operate at low temperatures sometimes approaching absolute zero (0 kelvin; −273° Centigrade; −459° Fahrenheit). The majority of our products, including vacuum insulated containment vessels, heat exchangers, cold boxes and other cryogenic components, are used throughout the liquid gas supply chain for the purification, liquefaction, distribution, storage and consumption of hydrocarbon and industrial gases.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2007, we experienced significant increases in our backlog, orders, sales, gross profit and operating income compared to the year ended December 31, 2006. These increases were primarily due to continued growth in the global hydrocarbon processing and industrial gas markets served by our Energy and Chemicals (“E&C”) and Distribution and Storage (“D&S”) segments. Backlog as of December 31, 2007 was $475.3 million compared to $319.2 million as of December 31, 2006, representing an increase of $156.1 million or 48.9%. Orders for the year ended December 31, 2007 were $826.8 million compared to $605.8 for the year ended December 31, 2006, representing an increase of $221.0 million or 36.5%. Sales for 2007 were $666.4 million compared to sales of $537.5 million for 2006, reflecting an increase of $128.9 million, or 24.0%. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $189.5 million, or 28.4% of sales, as compared to $155.0 million, or 28.8% of sales, for the year ended December 31, 2006. In addition to volume increases in all three of our operating segments, the timing of product price increases in our D&S and Biomedical segments, and foreign currency translation were also contributing factors for our growth in sales and gross profit in 2007 as compared to 2006. Operating income for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $85.2 million compared to $66.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2006.

Operating Results

 

The following table sets forth the percentage relationship that each line item in our consolidated statements of operations represents to sales for the period from January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005, the period from October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005, the year ended December 31, 2006 and the year ended December 31, 2007. The Predecessor Company and the Company are further described in Item 6 “Selected Financial Data” of our audited financial statements and related notes thereto in Item 8 included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

 

 

 

 

Segment Information

 

The following table sets forth sales, gross profit, gross profit margin and operating income or loss for our operating segments for the periods indicated during the last three years:

 

 

Results of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2007 Compared to the Year Ended
December 31, 2006

 

Sales

 

Sales for 2007 were $666.4 compared to $537.5 million for 2006, reflecting an increase of $128.9 million, or 24.0%. E&C segment sales were $253.7 million for 2007 compared to $190.7 for 2006, representing an increase of $63.0 million, or 33.0%. This increase in sales for 2007 was primarily due to higher volume, particularly large heat exchanger and process systems projects, which were driven by continued growth in the LNG and natural gas segments of the hydrocarbon processing market and an additional $21.3 million of air cooled heat exchanger sales as a result of the acquisition of Cooler Service Corporation (“CSC”) in the second quarter of 2006. D&S segment sales were $322.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 compared to $268.3 million for 2006, reflecting an increase of $54.2 million, or 20.2%. Bulk storage and packaged gas system sales increased $28.4 million and $25.8 million, respectively, for 2007 mostly as a result of higher volume, and were favorably affected by continued

growth in the global industrial gas market, product prices increases to absorb escalating raw material costs, and to a lesser extent favorable foreign currency translation of $8.7 million due to the weaker U.S. dollar compared to the Euro and Czech Koruna. BioMedical segment sales for the year ended December 31, 2007 were $90.2 million, representing an increase of $11.7 million, or 14.9%, compared to sales of $78.5 million in 2006. Biological storage systems sales increased $9.3 million primarily due to higher volume in both the U.S. and international markets. MRI and other product sales increased $1.1 million due to higher volume. Medical respiratory product sales increased $1.3 million primarily as a result of higher volume in international markets, offset partially by decreased demand in the U.S. market due to changes in U.S. government reimbursement for liquid oxygen therapy systems.

 

Gross Profit and Margin

 

Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $189.5 million, or 28.4% of sales compared to $155.0 million, or 28.8% of sales for the year ended December 31, 2006, reflecting an increase of $34.5 million. E&C segment gross profit increased $18.4 million and the related margin increased 2.1 percentage points, respectively, in 2007 compared with 2006. The increase in gross profit was mostly attributable to higher sales volume for brazed aluminum heat exchanger and process systems projects and air cooled heat exchangers, while the related margin increased primarily due to a favorable change in project mix for process systems. D&S segment gross profit increased $13.4 million in 2007 compared to 2006 due to higher sales volume for bulk storage systems and to a lesser extent favorable currency translation due the weaker U.S. dollar compared to the Euro and Czech Koruna. D&S segment gross profit margin declined 1.3 percentage points for 2007 compared to 2006 due to higher raw material costs and surcharges, and a change in product mix for bulk storage systems. BioMedical segment gross profit increased $2.8 million in 2007 compared to 2006 primarily due to higher sales volume across all product lines. BioMedical segment gross profit margin declined in 2007 by 1.5 percentage points compared to 2006 primarily due to higher raw material costs.

 

Selling, General and Administrative (“SG&A”) Expenses

 

SG&A expenses for 2007 were $92.6 million, or 13.9% of sales compared to $72.2 million, or 13.4% of sales for 2006. E&C segment SG&A expenses were $19.8 million, or 7.8% of sales for 2007 versus $14.0 million, or 7.3% of sales for 2006. The increase of $5.8 million reflects additional employee-related and infrastructure expenses incurred by the E&C segment to support the growth in business. Also, during 2006 the E&C segment received $2.2 million of insurance proceeds, net of costs, related to the settlement of an insurance claim for losses and costs incurred primarily in 2005 at its New Iberia, Louisiana facility as a result of Hurricane Rita. D&S segment SG&A expenses in 2007 were $29.0 million, or 9.0% of sales compared to $25.5 million, or 9.5% of sales in 2006. This increase was primarily due to higher employee-related and infrastructure expenses to support business growth in international operations during 2007. BioMedical segment SG&A expenses were $11.2 million, or 12.4% of sales for 2007, representing an increase of $1.0 million compared to SG&A expenses for 2006 of $10.2 million, or 13.0% of sales. Corporate SG&A expenses for 2007 were $32.6 million compared to $22.5 million for 2006. The increase was primarily driven by an increase of $7.1 million of stock-based compensation expense related mostly to the vesting of the performance-based options in conjunction with the secondary stock offering completed in June 2007. Also contributing to the increase was higher employee-related and infrastructure costs to support business growth, and the incurrence of secondary stock offering expenses and increased Sarbanes-Oxley implementation related expenses totaling $1.6 million.

 

Amortization Expense

 

Amortization expense for 2007 was $10.9 million, or 1.6% of sales, compared to $15.4 million, or 2.9% of sales, for 2006. Amortization expense decreased due to certain intangible assets being fully amortized prior to December 31, 2007. For 2007, amortization expense for the E&C, D&S and BioMedical segments was $4.1 million, $5.1 million and $1.7 million, respectively, compared to $6.7 million, $6.9 million and $1.8 million, respectively, for 2006.

Employee Separation and Plant Closure Costs

 

For 2007, employee separation and plant closure costs were $0.3 million compared to $0.4 million in 2006. These costs were related to the idle D&S segment Plaistow, New Hampshire facility that was sold in the fourth quarter of 2007.

 

Loss on Disposal of Assets, Net

 

For the year ended December 31, 2007, the Company recognized a $0.5 million loss primarily related to a leased facility that was vacated by the Company’s E&C segment during 2007.

 

Operating Income (Loss)

 

As a result of the foregoing, operating income for 2007 was $85.2 million, or 12.8% of sales, representing an increase of $18.3 million compared to operating income of $66.9 million, or 12.4% of sales for 2006. For 2007, operating income (loss) for the E&C, D&S and BioMedical segments and Corporate were $33.8 million, or 13.3% of sales, $66.2 million, or 20.5% of sales, $17.8 million, or 19.7% of sales, and ($32.6) million, respectively. For 2006, operating income (loss) for the E&C, D&S and BioMedical segments and Corporate were $19.0 million, or 10.0% of sales, $54.5 million, or 20.2% of sales, $16.0 million, or 20.3% of sales, and $(22.6) million, respectively.

 

Interest Expense, Net

 

For the year ended December 31, 2007, net interest expense was $22.2 million compared to $25.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. The decrease of $3.3 million is primarily attributable to the reduction in the outstanding balance of the term loan portion of our senior secured credit facility as a result of voluntary principal payments during 2007 and 2006 totaling $90.0 million. The principal payments were funded by proceeds from the secondary stock offering completed in June 2007 and proceeds from warrant and option exercises and the Company’s Initial Public Offering (“IPO”) in July 2006. Interest income increased $0.4 million in 2007 compared to 2006 as a result of higher cash balances. The decrease in interest expense during 2007 was partially offset by higher interest rates on our senior secured credit facility and additional interest incurred on our senior subordinated notes, since the exchange offer related to our senior subordinated notes was not completed until April 2007, at which time this penalty interest ceased accruing. Further information regarding the Company’s debt is located in Note C to the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Other Expense and Income

 

For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, amortization of deferred financing costs was $1.6 million and $1.5 million, respectively. This increase in amortization expense was attributable to additional deferred loan costs incurred for the amendment on the senior secured credit facility in connection with the IPO.

 

Income Tax Expense

 

Income tax expense for 2007 was $17.3 million and the effective tax rate was 28.2% compared to income tax expense for 2006 of $13.0 million and an effective tax rate of 32.3%. The decrease in the effective tax rate in 2007 was primarily attributable to an increase in foreign investment tax credits, an increase in the amount of foreign income subject to tax holidays, a decrease in enacted tax rates in certain foreign countries, and lower effective domestic state tax rates.

 

Net Income

 

As a result of the foregoing, net income for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $44.2 million compared to net income of $26.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 representing an increase of 64.3%.

Results of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2006

 

Sales

 

Sales for the year ended December 31, 2006 were $537.5 million. E&C segment sales were $190.7 million and benefited from higher volume, particularly large heat exchanger and process systems projects, which were driven by continued growth in the LNG and natural gas segments of the hydrocarbon processing market and $17.8 million of air cooled heat exchanger sales as a result of the acquisition of CSC in the second quarter of 2006. D&S segment sales were $268.3 million as both bulk storage and packaged gas system volume were favorably affected by continued growth in the global industrial gas market and product prices increases to absorb escalating raw material costs and to a lesser extent favorable foreign currency translation of $4.3 million as a result of the weaker U.S. dollar compared to the Czech Koruna. BioMedical segment sales for the year ended December 31, 2006 were $78.5 million and benefited primarily from continued growth in medical respiratory product volume due to higher demand in international markets and volume growth in both the domestic and international biological storage systems. U.S. medical respiratory products sales were negatively impacted in 2006 by U.S. Government reimbursement reductions for liquid oxygen therapy systems announced in 2005.

 

Gross Profit and Margin

 

Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $155.0 million, or 28.8% of sales. E&C segment gross profit was $40.0 million, or 20.8% of sales. The gross profit was favorably affected by the higher volume of large heat exchanger and process systems projects and the inclusion of the air cooled heat exchanger sales as explained above. The margin, however, was unfavorably impacted by lower margins on certain process projects, and in particular two complex long-term field installation projects. D&S segment gross profit was $87.0 million, or 32.5% of sales. The gross profit and related margin benefited from higher sales volume, particularly for bulk storage systems, timing of bulk storage system and packaged gas system price increases to absorb escalating raw material costs, and to a lesser extent manufacturing productivity improvements. BioMedical segment gross profit was $28.0 million, or 35.6% of sales, and was favorably impacted by higher sales volume and improved manufacturing productivity, particularly for the medical respiratory product line. In 2005, the transition of the medical respiratory product line manufacturing from our closed Burnsville, Minnesota facility to our Canton, Georgia facility was completed.

 

SG&A

 

SG&A expenses for the year ended December 31, 2006 were $72.2 million, or 13.4% of sales. E&C segment SG&A expenses were $14.0 million, or 7.3% of sales. During 2006, the E&C segment incurred additional employee-related and infrastructure expenses to support the growth in business. Also, the E&C segment received $2.2 million of insurance proceeds, net of costs, related to the settlement of an insurance claim for losses incurred primarily in 2005 at its New Iberia, Louisiana facility as a result of Hurricane Rita. These proceeds partially offset the increase in SG&A expenses in 2006. D&S segment SG&A expenses in 2006 were $25.5 million, or 9.5% of sales. The D&S segment had growth in employee-related and infrastructure expenses to support their business growth. In 2006, BioMedical segment SG&A expenses were $10.2 million, or 13.0% of sales. Corporate SG&A expenses for the year ended December 31, 2006 were $22.5 million and were unfavorably affected by higher employee-related and infrastructure expenses primarily to support the growth in business and higher public company expenses, particularly Sarbanes-Oxley implementation expenses, since the IPO in July 2006. In addition, all operating segments and Corporate were unfavorably impacted by higher health care expenses.

 

Amortization Expense

 

Amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $15.4 million, or 2.9% of sales. The amortization expense relates to finite-lived intangible assets that were recorded at fair value on October 17, 2005 as a result of the Acquisition. Amortization expense for the E&C, D&S and BioMedical segments was $6.7 million, $6.9 million and $1.8 million, respectively.

Employee Separation and Plant Closure Costs

 

For the year ended December 31, 2006, employee separation and plant closure costs were $0.4 million and were related to the idle D&S segment Plaistow, New Hampshire facility that was being held for sale.

 

Operating Income (Loss)

 

As a result of the foregoing, operating income for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $66.9 million, or 12.4% of sales. Operating income (loss) for the E&C, D&S and BioMedical segments and Corporate were $19.0 million, or 10.0% of sales, $54.5 million, or 20.2% of sales, $16.0 million, or 20.3% of sales, and ($22.6) million, respectively.

 

Interest Expense, Net

 

For the year ended December 31, 2006, interest expense, net was $25.5 million and is primarily attributable to the senior secured credit facility entered into and senior subordinated notes issued on October 17, 2005 in conjunction with the Acquisition. The senior secured credit facility has a variable interest rate and the senior subordinated notes have a 91/8% interest rate. The registration rights agreement required the Company to file an Exchange Offer Registration Statement and complete the exchange offer for the senior subordinated notes by August 14, 2006. Since the exchange offer was not completed when required, additional interest at a rate of 0.25% above the stated rate was incurred for the 90-day period ending November 11, 2006, and additional interest at a rate 0.50% above the stated rate was incurred commencing November 12, 2006 and additional interest at a rate of 0.75% above the stated rate for the 90-day period commencing February 10, 2007. The exchange offer was completed in April 2007 at which time this penalty interest ceased accruing. Further information regarding the Company’s debt is located in Note C to the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Other Expense and Income

 

Amortization of deferred financing costs was $1.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 and is attributable to the senior secured credit facility entered into and senior subordinated issued on October 17, 2005 in conjunction with the Acquisition.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2006, net foreign currency gains were $0.5 million and were the result of transactions in currencies other than functional currencies across all business segments.

 

Income Tax Expense

 

Income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $13.0 million at an effective tax rate of 32.3%. Our income taxes were favorably affected by higher mix of foreign earnings, foreign tax credits and research and development tax credits.

 

Net Income

 

As a result of the foregoing, net income for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $26.9 million.

 

October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005 Period

 

Sales

 

Sales for the period October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005 were $97.6 million. E&C segment sales were $34.1 million and benefited from volume increases in both heat exchangers and process systems, primarily due to continued demand growth in the hydrocarbon processing market. D&S segment sales were $47.8 million as bulk storage systems and packaged gas systems volume remained strong due to stable demand in the global industrial gas market and higher product pricing. BioMedical segment sales for the period October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005 were $15.7 million. Sales of medical respiratory products were unfavorably affected by lower volume in the United States, and in particular to one of our major customers, due to announced reductions in government

reimbursement programs for liquid oxygen therapy systems. This unfavorable volume trend in U.S. medical respiratory product sales was partially offset by continued volume growth in medical respiratory product sales in Europe and Asia and biological storage systems sales in the U.S., Europe and Asia as we further penetrated these markets. On an annual basis, 2005 U.S. medical respiratory product sales were 45% of total medical respiratory product sales and in 2004 U.S. medical respiratory products sales represented 61% of total medical respiratory sales. In addition, annual 2005 biological storage systems sales increased 16% compared to 2004 annual sales.

 

Gross Profit and Margin

 

For the period October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005, gross profit was $21.9 million, or 22.4% of sales. Overall, the gross profit was favorably affected by higher volumes in the D&S and E&C segments. The E&C gross profit of $10.5 million, or 30.7% of sales, benefited from the completion of a high margin ethylene heat exchanger and process system emergency order. The D&S segment gross profit of $8.9 million, or 18.5% of sales, was also favorably impacted by improved product pricing. The BioMedical gross profit of $2.6 million, or 16.4% of sales, benefited from productivity improvements at the Canton, Georgia facility related to the manufacturing of medical respiratory products. The BioMedical segment margins in the period January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005 were negatively impacted by higher costs related to inefficiencies from ramping-up production of the medical respiratory product line after completing the move from the Burnsville, Minnesota facility to the Canton, Georgia facility. In addition, overall company gross profit included an $8.9 million, or 9.1% of sales, charge for the fair value adjustment of finished goods and work-in-process inventory recorded under purchase accounting as a result of the Acquisition. This fair value inventory adjustment was charged to cost of sales as the inventory was sold. The D&S and BioMedical segments’ gross profit charges were $6.4 million, or 13.4% of sales, and $2.5 million, or 15.9% of sales, respectively, for this fair value inventory adjustment. The E&C segment was not required to record an inventory fair value adjustment due to the use of the percentage of completion method for revenue recognition in this segment.

 

SG&A

 

SG&A expenses for the period October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005 were $13.6 million, or 14.0% of sales. SG&A expenses for the E&C segment were $4.3 million, or 12.6% of sales, and were affected by higher marketing and employee-related costs to support the business growth and $0.4 million of losses and charges related to damage caused by Hurricane Rita at our New Iberia, Louisiana facilities. D&S segment SG&A expenses for the period October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005 were $3.2 million, or 6.7% of sales, and were affected by higher marketing and employee-related costs to support business growth. SG&A expenses for the BioMedical segment were $1.5 million, or 9.6% of sales, for the period October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005. Corporate SG&A expenses for the period October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005 were $4.6 million and included a charge of $0.5 million for the settlement of former shareholders’ appraisal rights claims as a result of the Acquisition.

 

Amortization Expense

 

Amortization expense for the period October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005 was $3.0 million, or 3.1% of sales. The amortization expense relates to finite-lived intangible assets that were recorded at fair value on October 17, 2005 as a result of the Acquisition. Amortization expense for the E&C, D&S and BioMedical segments were $1.0 million, $1.7 million and $0.3 million, respectively.

 

Employee Separation and Plant Closure Costs

 

For the period October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005, we recorded $0.1 million of employee separation and plant closure costs, primarily related to the closure of the D&S segment Plaistow, New Hampshire and BioMedical segment Burnsville, Minnesota facilities.

 

Operating Income

 

As a result of the foregoing, operating income for the period October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005 was $5.1 million, or 5.2% of sales.

Other Expenses and Income

 

Net interest expense and amortization of deferred financing costs for the period October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005, was $5.6 million and $0.3 million, respectively, and related to the senior secured credit facility that was entered into, and the notes that were issued, on October 17, 2005 in connection with the Acquisition.

 

Foreign Currency Loss

 

We recorded $0.1 million of foreign currency losses due to certain of our subsidiaries entering into transactions in currencies other than their functional currencies.

 

Income Tax Expense

 

Income tax benefit of $0.4 million for the period October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005 represents taxes on both domestic and foreign earnings at an annual effective income tax rate of 49.3%. Our taxes were affected by tax benefits from foreign sales and research and development and foreign tax credits.

 

Net Loss

 

As a result of the foregoing, we reported a net loss for the period October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005 of $0.5 million.

 

January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005 Period

 

Sales

 

Sales for the period January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005 were $305.5 million. E&C segment sales were $86.9 million and benefited from volume increases in both heat exchangers and process systems as a result of strong order levels over the past several quarters, which have included three large orders each of approximately $20.0 million, driven by continued growth in the LNG and natural gas segments of the hydrocarbon processing market. D&S segment sales were $161.3 million as bulk storage systems and packaged gas systems volume remained strong due to continued demand growth in the global industrial gas market. Other factors contributing favorably to D&S segment sales for this period were higher product pricing, and favorable foreign currency translation of approximately $3.5 million as a result of the weaker U.S. dollar compared to the Euro and Czech Koruna. BioMedical segment sales were $57.2 million. Sales of medical respiratory products were unfavorably affected by lower volume in the United States, and in particular to one of our major customers, primarily resulting from announced U.S. government reimbursement reductions for liquid oxygen therapy systems. This unfavorable volume trend in U.S. medical respiratory product sales was partially offset by continued sales volume growth in medical respiratory product sales in Europe and Asia and biological storage systems in the United States, Europe and Asia as we further penetrated these markets. See the discussion under the caption “— October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005 period — Sales” above for information regarding the BioMedical segment volume trends.

 

Gross Profit and Margin

 

For the period January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005 gross profit was $88.2 million, or 28.9% of sales. Overall, gross profit was favorably affected by higher volumes in the D&S and E&C segments, while gross profit margin was unfavorably affected by higher manufacturing costs in the BioMedical segment and a shift in product mix in the E&C segment. The gross profit margins in the E&C segment of $23.4 million, or 26.9% of sales, during the period saw overall mix shifts in sales from higher margin heat exchanger projects to lower margin process systems projects and also a shift within heat exchangers to lower margin projects. In addition, the D&S segment gross profit of $47.1 million, or 29.2% of sales, benefited from price increases that were implemented during the year to offset higher raw material steel costs that had been incurred in previous years. Gross profit in the BioMedical segment of $17.7 million, or 30.9% of sales, deteriorated primarily due to lower U.S. medical respiratory product volume, higher manufacturing costs and inventory valuation adjustments of $0.6 million primarily in the first half of 2005, as

a result of lower productivity associated with moving the medical respiratory product line manufacturing from Burnsville, Minnesota to Canton, Georgia. This transition and ramp-up of manufacturing to the productivity levels previously being achieved at the Burnsville, Minnesota facility took most of 2005 to complete and cost more than originally planned.

 

SG&A

 

SG&A expenses for the period January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005 were $57.1 million, or 18.7% of sales. E&C segment SG&A expenses were $9.4 million, or 10.8% of sales, and were affected by higher marketing and employee-related costs to support business growth, and also included $1.1 million of losses and charges related to damage caused by Hurricane Rita at our New Iberia, Louisiana facilities. SG&A expenses for the D&S segment were $18.0 million, or 11.1% of sales and were affected by higher marketing and employee-related costs to support business growth, and also included a $2.8 million charge for the write-off of in-process research and development related to the acquisition of Changzhou CEM Cryo Equipment Co., Ltd. (“CEM”). SG&A expenses for the BioMedical segment were $7.0 million, or 12.2% of sales for the period January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005. Corporate SG&A expenses were $22.7 million and included a $1.1 million charge for the settlement of a finders’ fee claim asserted by a former shareholder in connection with our 2003 bankruptcy reorganization, and $9.5 million of stock-based compensation expense. A significant portion of this stock-based compensation was incurred as a result of the vesting of stock options in conjunction with the Acquisition.

 

Amortization Expense

 

Amortization expense for the period January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005 was $2.7 million, or 0.9% of sales, and related to finite-lived intangible assets that were recorded in September 2003 under Fresh-Start accounting and the CEM acquisition in 2005. Amortization expense for the E&C, D&S and BioMedical segment was $0.1 million, $1.5 million and $1.1 million, respectively.

 

Acquisition Expenses

 

During the period January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005, we incurred $6.6 million of investment banking, legal and other professional fees related to the Acquisition.

 

Employee Separation and Plant Closure Costs

 

For the period January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005, we recorded $1.1 million of employee separation and plant closure costs, primarily related to the closure of the D&S segment Plaistow, New Hampshire and BioMedical segment Burnsville, Minnesota facilities. The costs (benefits) recorded for this period by the E&C, D&S and BioMedical segments, and by Corporate were $0.1 million, $0.5 million, $0.6 million and ($0.1 million), respectively.

 

Gain on Sale of Assets

 

We recorded a net gain on the sale of assets of $0.1 million, including a gain recorded at Corporate of $1.7 million on the settlement of a promissory note receivable related to the 2003 sale of our former Greenville Tube, LLC stainless tubing business, a loss of $0.5 million recorded at Corporate for the write down of the Plaistow facility held for sale to its estimated fair value and a $1.2 million loss for the write-off of several assets that were deemed to be impaired. This impairment loss was $0.1 million, $0.9 million and $0.2 million for the E&C segment, BioMedical segment and Corporate, respectively.

 

Operating Income

 

As a result of the foregoing, operating income for the period January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005 was $20.9 million, or 6.8% of sales.

Net Interest Expense

 

Net interest expense for the period January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005 was $4.2 million. We experienced higher interest expense during this period as a result of higher interest rates and the increase in the outstanding balance under the revolving credit line of our then existing credit facility.

 

Foreign Currency Loss

 

We recorded $0.7 million of foreign currency losses due to certain of our subsidiaries entering into transactions in currencies other than their functional currencies.

 

Income Tax Expense

 

Income tax expense of $7.2 million for the period January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005 represents taxes on both domestic and foreign earnings at an annual effective income tax rate of 44.6%. Our income tax expense was unfavorably impacted by approximately $1.4 million due to the non-deductible charge for purchased in-process research and development of $2.8 million and Acquisition costs of $1.2 million.

 

Net Income

 

As a result of the foregoing, we reported net income of $8.9 million for the period January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005.

 

Orders and Backlog

 

We consider orders to be those for which we have received a firm signed purchase order or other written contractual commitment from the customer. Backlog is comprised of the portion of firm signed purchase orders or other written contractual commitments received from customers that we have not recognized as revenue upon shipment or under the percentage of completion method. Backlog can be significantly affected by the timing of orders for large projects, particularly in the E&C segment, and is not necessarily indicative of future backlog levels or the rate at which backlog will be recognized as sales. Orders included in our backlog may include customary cancellation provisions under which the customer could cancel part or all of the order at times subject to the payment of certain costs and/or penalties. Our backlog as of December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $475.3 million, $319.2 million and $233.6 million, respectively. This significant increase in backlog is primarily attributable to the growth in the global industrial gas and the LNG and natural gas segments of the hydrocarbon processing markets served by the E&C and D&S segments.

 

The table below sets forth orders and backlog by segment for the periods indicated:

 

Orders for 2007 were $826.8 million compared to $605.8 million for 2006, representing an increase of $221.0 million, or 36.5%. E&C segment orders were $408.0 million in 2007 and increased $177.5 million or approximately 77% compared to 2006. This growth in orders was driven by continued demand across E&C’s target markets, including LNG, petrochemical, natural gas processing and industrial gas and $38.2 million of additional air cooled exchangers. The E&C segment received process system orders totaling in excess of $130.0 million in 2007 for four LNG liquefaction trains to be installed in Southeast Asia. In addition, the E&C segment received an order in the fourth quarter of 2007 in excess of $25 million for an ethylene cold box in the Middle East and orders in excess of $20 million for brazed aluminum heat exchangers for air separation plants in China and Southeast Asia. D&S segment orders for 2007 were $324.7 million compared to $296.1 million for 2006. D&S orders were consistently strong during 2007 due to continued demand in the global industrial gas market. Bulk storage system and packaged gas system orders for the year were $199.3 million and $125.4 million, respectively. Orders for the BioMedical segment for 2007 were $94.1 million, an increase of $14.9 million compared to orders for the year ended December 31, 2006. Orders for medical respiratory products, biological storage systems, and MRI components and other liquid oxygen products were $37.6 million, $43.2 million and $13.2 million, respectively. The medical respiratory products and biological systems orders were driven by continued penetration and growth of the international markets.

 

Orders for the year ended December 31, 2006 were $605.8 million. E&C segment orders were $230.5 million and benefited from the continued strength of the global industrial gas and LNG and natural gas segments of the hydrocarbon gas processing market and $19.9 million of air cooled heat exchangers from the acquisition of CSC in May 2006. In addition, the E&C segment received in the fourth quarter of 2006 a process systems order in excess of $40 million for a significant overseas LNG project in West Africa. D&S segment orders for 2006 were $296.1 million and were driven by continued growth in the global industrial gas market. Bulk storage system and packaged gas system orders were $187.6 million and $108.5 million, respectively. Orders for the BioMedical segment for the year ended December 31, 2006 were $79.2 million. Orders for medical respiratory products, biological storage systems, and MRI components and other liquid oxygen products were $34.0 million, $32.5 million and $12.7 million, respectively. The medical respiratory products and biological systems orders were driven by continued penetration and growth of the international markets.

 

For the period October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005, orders were $126.9 million. E&C segment orders of $67.2 million remained strong during this period and included several large heat exchanger and LNG systems orders, including an air separation heat exchanger order of $16.0 million. D&C segment orders of $45.9 million were driven by continued strong packaged gas system orders. Bulk storage systems and packaged gas systems orders were $26.9 million and $18.9 million, respectively for this period. BioMedical segment orders were $13.8 million during this period as medical respiratory orders in the European and Asian market and U.S. biological storage system products order levels remained strong, while U.S. medical respiratory product orders continued to decline. This decline is explained further below.

 

Orders for the period January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005 were $384.4 million. E&C segment orders of $130.8 million remained strong during this period and included a $21.0 million LNG VIP order and a $10.7 million hydrocarbon processing heat exchanger order. D&C segment orders of $191.2 million were driven by continued strong bulk storage systems orders and strong packaged gas system orders, which were $118.5 million and $72.7 million, respectively. This strong order level in the D&S segment was driven by continued demand in the global industrial gas markets served by us. BioMedical segment orders were $62.4 million, as orders for international medical respiratory products and U.S. biological storage system products continued favorable growth trends due to both continued market penetration and market growth. U.S. medical respiratory product orders during this period were unfavorably impacted by lower orders from a significant customer and announced government reimbursement reductions for liquid oxygen therapy systems.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

On July 31, 2006, we completed our IPO of 12,500,000 shares of our common stock for cash proceeds, before expenses, of $175.3 million. We used $25.0 million of the net proceeds to repay a portion of the term loan under our senior secured credit facility. The remaining $150.3 million of net proceeds was used to pay a dividend to our stockholders existing immediately prior to the IPO, consisting of affiliates of First Reserve and certain members of

management. On August 25, 2006, a stock dividend of 1,875,000 shares was issued to the stockholders existing immediately prior to the completion of the IPO.

 

Debt Instruments and Related Covenants

 

In connection with the Acquisition, the Company entered into a $240.0 million senior secured credit facility, which was later amended upon completion of the IPO in July 2006. The senior secured credit facility consists of a $180.0 million term loan facility and a $115.0 million revolving credit facility, of which the entire $115.0 million may be used for the issuance of letters of credit and bank guarantees and $55.0 million may be used for letters of credit extending more than one year from their date of issuance. The term loan facility matures on October 17, 2012 and the revolving credit facility matures on October 17, 2010.

 

On June 12, 2007, the Company completed a secondary offering of 12.6 million shares. The secondary shares were sold by FR X Chart Holdings LLC and certain members of the Company’s management. Our underwriters exercised their option to acquire 1.9 million shares to cover over-allotments in full as part of the offering. The net proceeds of $38.0 million received by the Company from the exercise of the over-allotment option were used to make a $40.0 million voluntary principal payment under the term loan portion of the senior secured credit facility.

 

As of December 31, 2007, the Company had $80.0 million outstanding under the term loan portion of the senior secured credit facility, $170.0 million outstanding under our senior subordinated notes and $36.0 million of letters of credit and bank guarantees supported by the revolving portion of the senior credit facility. Availability on the revolving portion of the senior secured credit facility was $79.0 million at December 31, 2007. The Company is in compliance with all covenants, including its financial covenants, under the senior secured credit facility and senior subordinated notes.

 

The registration rights agreement related to the senior subordinated notes required the Company to file an Exchange Offer Registration Statement and complete the exchange offer for the senior subordinated notes by August 14, 2006. Since the exchange offer was not completed when required, additional interest at a rate of 0.25% was incurred for the 90-day period commencing August 14, 2006, additional interest at a rate of 0.50% was incurred for the 90-day period commencing November 12, 2006 and additional interest at a rate of 0.75% was incurred for the 90-day period commencing February 10, 2007. The exchange offer was completed on April 6, 2007 and the additional interest ceased accruing as of that date.

 

Chart Ferox, a.s., or Ferox, our wholly-owned subsidiary that operates in the Czech Republic, maintains secured revolving credit facilities with borrowing capacity including overdraft protection, of up to $9.6 million, of which $4.4 million is available only for letters of credit and bank guarantees.

 

Our debt and related covenants are further described in Note C to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

 

Sources and Uses of Cash

 

Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2006

 

Cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $82.5 million compared to cash provided of $36.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. The increase of $46.1 million was driven by increased net income of $17.3 million, non-cash operating activity increases of $4.4 million, particularly stock-based compensation expense, and cash generated from improved working capital management of $24.4 million.

 

Cash used by investing activities for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 was $18.5 million and $38.7 million, respectively. Capital expenditures for 2007 were $19.0 million compared with $22.3 million for 2006. The 2007 capital expenditures were primarily for continued expansion of the E&C segment brazed aluminum heat exchanger facility in La Crosse, Wisconsin and the D&S segment facility in China to support business growth and normal equipment purchases and replacements to increase automation and improve efficiency across all facilities. The 2006 capital expenditures primarily consisted of E&C segment brazed aluminum heat exchanger and process system facility expansions and D&S segment bulk tank facility expansions. In 2007, $1.6 million of cash was used to purchase the remaining interest of Chart Ferox a.s. and $2.1 million of cash proceeds were received

from the sale of the Plaistow, New Hampshire facility that was closed in 2004. In 2006, $15.9 million of cash was used to acquire CSC.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2007, cash provided by financing activities was $7.4 million compared to cash provided of $9.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. During 2007, $38.3 million of proceeds were received from the exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option in conjunction with the Company’s secondary stock offering completed in June, 2007 and $4.8 million in proceeds were received from the exercise of stock options. In May 2007, the Company received $1.3 million in contributions from its joint venture partners to fund a new joint venture based in China for manufacture of cryogenic trailers. Also in 2007, $40.0 million of cash was used for a voluntary principal prepayment under the term loan portion of our senior secured credit facility. In 2006, $211.7 million in proceeds was received from the IPO and warrant and option exercises. A cash dividend of $150.3 million was paid in 2006 to stockholders existing immediately prior to the completion of the IPO. Also in 2006, $55.0 million was used for voluntary principal prepayments under the term loan portion of our senior secured credit facility and $1.5 million was used to repay seller notes related to the Changzhou CEM Cryo Equipment Co. Ltd. (“CEM”) acquisition.

 

October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005 Period

 

Cash provided by operating activities for the period October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005 was $14.6 million, which included cash provided by changes in working capital components of $3.5 million.

 

During the period October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005, we used $362.3 million of cash for investing activities. Cash of $356.6 million was used to pay proceeds to our former shareholders as a result of the Acquisition and $5.6 million was used for capital expenditures.

 

The significant capital expenditures were for the construction of the new manufacturing facility in China, the expansion of the biological storage product line manufacturing facility in New Prague, Minnesota and reinvestment to upgrade existing facilities to support business growth.

 

Cash provided by financing activities for the period October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005, was $348.5 million. In connection with the Acquisition, we received proceeds of $350.0 million from the senior secured credit facility and senior subordinated notes and proceeds of $111.3 million from the sale of stock to affiliates of First Reserve. These proceeds were used to pay our former shareholders, repay $76.5 million of long-term debt under our senior credit facility entered into in 2003, or 2003 Credit Facility, pay former stock option holders $15.8 million and pay financing and transaction costs of $11.6 million and $1.8 million, respectively. In addition, we made a voluntary principal prepayment of $5.0 million on the term loan.

 

January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005 Period

 

Cash provided by operating activities for the period January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005 was $15.6 million and included cash used in working capital components of $10.6 million to support the growth in business, particularly in the E&C and D&S segments.

 

During the period January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005, we used $20.8 million of cash for investing activities. Cash of $12.0 million, net of cash acquired, was used to acquire 100% of the equity interest in CEM. The CEM acquisition is further described in the notes to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Cash used for capital expenditures for the period was $11.0 million. The significant capital expenditures were for the construction of the new manufacturing facility in China, the expansion of the biological storage product line manufacturing facility in New Prague, Minnesota and reinvestments to upgrade existing facilities to support growth in our businesses. In addition, we received proceeds of $1.7 million from the settlement of a promissory note related to the 2003 sale of our former Greenville Tube, LLC stainless steel tubing business.

 

For the period January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005, $1.7 million of cash was provided by financing activities. We borrowed $18.9 million under our revolving credit facilities, including $10.0 million in the second quarter of 2005 under the revolving credit portion of the 2003 Credit Facility to finance our acquisition of CEM. In addition, we made net payments under the revolving credit portion of our 2003 Credit Facility and other revolving credit facilities of $15.9 million and $1.9 million of scheduled principal payments under the term loan portion of the 2003

Credit Facility, and $1.1 million of payments on other long-term debt. Proceeds from the sale of stock during this period were $1.7 million.

 

Cash Requirements

 

The Company does not anticipate any unusual cash requirements for working capital needs for the year ending December 31, 2008. We expect capital expenditures for 2008 to be in the range of $18.0 to $20.0 million and primarily for continued expansion and automation at existing manufacturing facilities to support business growth and improve efficiency.

 

In 2008, the Company is forecasting to use approximately $21.3 million for scheduled interest payments under the senior secured credit facility and senior subordinated notes. We are not required to make any scheduled principal payments in 2008 under the term loan portion of our senior secured credit facility or senior subordinated notes, but we will consider making voluntary principal payments on our senior secured credit facility or repurchasing our senior subordinated notes on the open market with excess cash flow that is generated. In addition, we are forecasting to use approximately $31.0 to $33.0 million of cash to pay U.S. and foreign income taxes and approximately $0.5 million of cash to fund our defined benefit pension plans under ERISA funding requirements.

 

Contractual Obligations

 

Our known contractual obligations as of December 31, 2007 and cash requirements resulting from those obligations are as follows:

 

 

 

 

Not included in the above table are unrecognized tax benefits of $4,347 at December 31, 2007.

 

Our commercial commitments as of December 31, 2007, which include standby letters of credit and bank guarantees, represent potential cash requirements resulting from contingent events that require performance by us or our subsidiaries pursuant to funding commitments, and are as follows:

 

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in the Securities Act.

Contingencies

 

We are involved with environmental compliance, investigation, monitoring and remediation activities at certain of our operating facilities, and accrue for these activities when commitments or remediation plans have been developed and when costs are probable and can be reasonably estimated. Historical annual cash expenditures for these activities have been charged against the related environmental reserves. Future expenditures relating to these environmental remediation efforts are expected to be made over the next 8 to 14 years as ongoing costs of remediation programs. Management believes that any additional liability in excess of amounts accrued, which may result from the resolution of such matters should not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, liquidity, cash flows or results of operations.

 

In March 2003, CHEL filed for a voluntary administration under the U.K. Insolvency Act of 1986. It is uncertain whether we will be subject to any significant liability resulting from CHEL’s insolvency administration.

 

We are occasionally subject to various other legal claims related to performance under contracts, product liability, taxes and other matters, several of which claims assert substantial damages, in the ordinary course of our business. Based on our historical experience in litigating these claims, as well as our current assessment of the underlying merits of the claims and applicable insurance, if any, we believe the resolution of these other legal claims will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, liquidity, cash flows or results of operations. Future developments may, however, result in resolution of these legal claims in a way that could have a material adverse effect. See Item 1A, “Risk Factors.”

 

Foreign Operations

 

During 2007, we had operations in Australia, China, the Czech Republic, Germany and the United Kingdom, which accounted for approximately 27.0% of consolidated sales and 24.0% of total assets at December 31, 2007. Functional currencies used by these operations include the Australian Dollar, the Chinese Renminbi Yuan, the Czech Koruna, the Euro and the British Pound. We are exposed to foreign currency exchange risk as a result of transactions by these subsidiaries in currencies other than their functional currencies, and from transactions by our domestic operations in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar. The majority of these functional currencies and the other currencies in which we record transactions are fairly stable. The use of these currencies, combined with the use of foreign currency forward purchase and sale contracts, has enabled us to be sheltered from significant gains or losses resulting from foreign currency transactions. This situation could change if these currencies experience significant fluctuations in their value as compared to the U.S. Dollar.

 

Application of Critical Accounting Policies

 

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and are based on the selection and application of significant accounting policies, which require management to make estimates and assumptions. Management believes the following are some of the more critical judgmental areas in the application of its accounting policies that affect its financial position and results of operations.

 

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts.  We evaluate the collectibility of accounts receivable based on a combination of factors. In circumstances where we are aware of a specific customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations (e.g., bankruptcy filings, substantial downgrading of credit scores), a specific reserve is recorded to reduce the receivable to the amount we believe will be collected. We also record allowances for doubtful accounts based on the length of time the receivables are past due and historical experience. If circumstances change (e.g., higher-than-expected defaults or an unexpected material adverse change in a customer’s ability to meet its financial obligations), our estimates of the collectibility of amounts due could be changed by a material amount.

 

Inventory Valuation Reserves.  We determine inventory valuation reserves based on a combination of factors. In circumstances where we are aware of a specific problem in the valuation of a certain item, a specific reserve is recorded to reduce the item to its net realizable value. We also recognize reserves based on the actual usage in recent history and projected usage in the near-term. If circumstances change (e.g., lower-than-expected or higher-than-expected usage), estimates of the net realizable value could be changed by a material amount.

Long-Lived Assets.  We monitor our long-lived assets for impairment indicators on an ongoing basis in accordance with SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.” If impairment indicators exist, we perform the required analysis and record impairment charges in accordance with SFAS No. 144. In conducting our analysis, we compare the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated from the long-lived assets to the related net book values. If the undiscounted cash flows exceed the net book value, the long-lived assets are considered not to be impaired. If the net book value exceeds the undiscounted cash flows, an impairment loss is measured and recognized. An impairment loss is measured as the difference between the net book value and the fair value of the long-lived assets. Fair value is estimated based upon either discounted cash flow analyses or estimated salvage values. Cash flows are estimated using internal forecasts as well as assumptions related to discount rates. Changes in economic or operating conditions impacting these estimates and assumptions could result in the impairment of long-lived assets.

 

Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets.  Under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”, we evaluate goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis. To test for impairment, we are required to estimate the fair market value of each of our reporting units. We developed a model to estimate the fair market value of our reporting units. This fair market value model incorporates our estimates of future cash flows, estimates of allocations of certain assets and cash flows among reporting units, estimates of future growth rates and management’s judgment regarding the applicable discount rates to use to discount those estimated cash flows. Changes to these judgments and estimates could result in a significantly different estimate of the fair market value of the reporting units, which could result in a different assessment of the recoverability of goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets.

 

Pensions.  We account for our defined benefit pension plans in accordance with SFAS No. 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans — an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106 and 132(R),” which requires that the Company recognize the funded status of its benefit plans in the balance sheet. The funded status is measured as the difference between the fair value of the plan assets and the projected benefit obligation. The Company recognizes the change in the funded status of the plan in the year in which the change occurs through accumulated other comprehensive income. Our funding policy is to contribute at least the minimum funding amounts required by law. SFAS No. 158 and the policies used by us, notably the use of a calculated value of plan assets (which is further described below), generally reduce the volatility of pension (income) expense from changes in pension liability discount rates and the performance of the pension plans’ assets.

 

A significant element in determining our pension expense in accordance with SFAS No. 158 is the expected return on plan assets. We have assumed that the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets as of December 31, 2007 will be 8.25%. These expected return assumptions were developed using a simple averaging formula based upon the plans’ investment guidelines and the historical returns of equities and bonds. While over the long term, the investment strategy employed with our pension plan assets has earned in excess of such rates, we believe our assumptions for expected future returns are reasonable. However, we cannot guarantee that we will achieve these returns in the future. The assumed long-term rate of return on assets is applied to the market value of plan assets. This produces the expected return on plan assets that reduces pension expense. The difference between this expected return and the actual return on plan assets is deferred. The net deferral of past asset gains or losses affects the calculated value of plan assets and, ultimately, future pension income or expense.

 

At the end of each year, we determine the rate to be used to discount plan liabilities. The discount rate reflects the current rate at which the pension liabilities could be effectively settled at the end of the year. In estimating this rate, we look to rates of return on high quality, fixed-income investments that receive one of the two highest ratings given by a recognized rating agency and the expected timing of benefit payments under the plan. At December 31, 2007, we determined this rate to be 6.00%. Changes in discount rates over the past three years have not materially affected pension (income) expense, and the net effect of changes in the discount rate, as well as the net effect of other changes in actuarial assumptions and experience, has been deferred as allowed by SFAS No. 158.

 

At December 31, 2007, our consolidated net pension liability recognized was $4.2 million, an increase of $0.9 million from December 31, 2006. This increase in liability was due to an actuarial change in mortality tables and benefit payments of $1.2 million partially offset by the increase in the fair value of plan assets during 2007 and employer contributions to the plans of $0.7 million. For the year ended December 31, 2007, the year ended

December 31, 2006, the period October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005 and the period January 1, 2005 to October 16, 2005, we recognized approximately $0.7 million, $0.4 million, $0.01 million and $0.2 million, respectively, of pension income. The pension income has increased in 2007 compared to 2006 primarily due to a higher return on assets and the elimination of service costs in 2006 as the last one of our four plans was frozen in February 2006.

 

Environmental Remediation Obligations.  Our obligation for known environmental problems at our current and former manufacturing facilities have been recognized on an undiscounted basis based on estimates of the cost of investigation and remediation at each site. Management reviews our environmental remediation sites quarterly to determine if additional cost adjustments or disclosures are required. The characteristics of environmental remediation obligations, where information concerning the nature and extent of clean-up activities is not immediately available and changes in regulatory requirements frequently occur, result in a significant risk of increase to the obligations as they mature. Expected future expenditures are not discounted to present value and potential insurance recoveries are not recognized until realized.

 

Product Warranty Costs.  We estimate product warranty costs and accrue for these costs as products are sold. The warranty reserve includes both a general reserve component, calculated based upon historical experience over the warranty period for each product and a specific reserve component for any specifically identified warranty issues. Due to the uncertainty and potential volatility of these warranty estimates, changes in assumptions could materially affect net income.

 

Revenue Recognition — Long-Term Contracts.  We recognize revenue and gross profit as work on long-term contracts progresses using the percentage of completion method of accounting, which relies on estimates of total expected contract revenues and costs. We follow this method since reasonably dependable estimates of the revenue and costs applicable to various stages of a contract can be made. Since the financial reporting of these contracts depends on estimates, which are assessed continually during the term of the contract, recognized revenues and profit are subject to revisions as the contract progresses toward completion. Revisions in profit estimates are reflected in the period in which the facts that give rise to the revision become known. Accordingly, favorable changes in estimates result in additional profit recognition, and unfavorable changes will result in the reversal of previously recognized revenue and profits. When estimates indicate a loss is expected to be incurred under a contract, cost of sales is charged with a provision for such loss. As work progresses under a loss contract, revenue and cost of sales continue to be recognized in equal amounts, and the excess of costs over revenues is charged to the contract loss reserve. Change orders resulting in additional revenue and profit are recognized upon approval by the customer based on the percentage that incurred costs to date bear to total estimated costs at completion. We use the percentage of completion method of accounting primarily in the E&C segment.

 

Stock-based Employee Compensation.  Stock compensation expense is calculated in accordance with SFAS No. 123 (R) “Share-Based Payment”. SFAS No. 123(R) requires that the fair value of options and performance condition stock awards be calculated using an option-pricing model such as the Black-Scholes model. The grant date fair value calculation requires the use of variables such as exercise term of the option, future volatility, dividend yield and risk-free interest rate. The fair value of stock awards which vest based on a market condition is calculated using a pricing model such as the Monte Carlo Simulation model. Compensation expense is recognized over the vesting period of the option or term of the stock award after consideration of the estimated forfeiture rates.

 

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

 

In June 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Interpretation No. 48. “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes — an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (FIN 48). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes by prescribing thresholds and attributes for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The interpretation also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, and disclosure. The Company adopted FIN 48 on January 1, 2007 with no material impact on its financial position, results of operations, liquidity or cash flows. See Note F to the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

 

In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (SFAS No. 157) which is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. SFAS No. 157 defines fair value to be applied to U.S. GAAP guidance requiring use of fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The Company does not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 157 to have a material effect on its financial position or results of operations.

 

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities — including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115”. SFAS No. 159 provides entities with an option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value. SFAS No. 159 is effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning 2008. The Company does not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 159 to have a material effect on its financial position or results of operations.

 

In December 2007, SFAS No. 141 (R), “Business Combinations” was issued. SFAS No. 141 (R) requires the acquiring entity in a business combination to recognize the full fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction at the acquisition date, the immediate recognition of acquisition-related transaction costs and the recognition of contingent consideration arrangements at their acquisition date fair value. SFAS No. 141 (R) is effective for acquisitions that occur on or after the beginning of the fiscal year beginning on or after December 15, 2008. SFAS No. 141 (R) will impact the Company’s financial position and results of operations for any business combinations entered into after the date of adoption.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51”. SFAS No. 160 requires entities to report noncontrolling (formerly known as minority) interests as a component of shareholders’ equity on the balance sheet. SFAS No. 160 will be effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adoption on its financial position and results of operations.

 

Forward-Looking Statements

 

This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes “forward-looking statements.” These forward-looking statements include statements relating to our business. In some cases, forward-looking statements may be identified by terminology such as “may,” “should,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “projects,” “forecasts,” “continue” or the negative of such terms or comparable terminology. Forward-looking statements contained herein (including future cash contractual obligations) or in other statements made by us are made based on management’s expectations and beliefs concerning future events impacting us and are subject to uncertainties and factors relating to our operations and business environment, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control, that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those matters expressed or implied by forward-looking statements. We believe that the following factors, among others (including those described in “Item 1A. Risk Factors”), could affect our future performance and the liquidity and value of our securities and cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf:

 

 

 

There may be other factors that may cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements.

 

All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf apply only as of the date of this Annual Report and are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements included in this Annual Report. We undertake no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements which may be made to reflect events or circumstances that arise after the date made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

 

 

In the normal course of business, our operations are exposed to continuing fluctuations in foreign currency values and interest rates that can affect the cost of operating and financing. Accordingly, we address a portion of these risks through a program of risk management.

 

Our primary interest rate risk exposure results from the current senior secured credit facility’s various floating rate pricing mechanisms. If interest rates were to increase 200 basis points (2%) from December 31, 2007 rates, and assuming no changes in debt from the December 31, 2007 levels, our additional annual expense would be approximately $1.6 million on a pre-tax basis.

 

The Company has assets, liabilities and cash flows in foreign currencies creating exposure to foreign currency exchange fluctuations in the normal course of business. Chart’s primary exchange rate exposure is with the Euro, the British pound, the Czech koruna and the Chinese yuan. Monthly measurement, evaluation and forward exchange rate contracts are employed as methods to reduce this risk. The Company enters into foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge anticipated and firmly committed foreign currency transactions. Chart does not use derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes. The terms of the contracts are one year or less. The Company held immaterial positions in foreign exchange forward contracts at December 31, 2007.

Covenant Compliance

 

We believe that our senior secured credit facility and the indenture governing our outstanding senior subordinated notes are material agreements, that the covenants are material terms of these agreements and that information about the covenants is material to an investor’s understanding of our financial condition and liquidity. The breach of covenants in the senior secured credit facility that are tied to ratios based on Adjusted EBITDA, as defined below, could result in a default under the senior secured credit facility and the lenders could elect to declare all amounts borrowed due and payable. Any such acceleration would also result in a default under our indenture. Additionally, under the senior secured credit facilities and indenture, our ability to engage in activities such as incurring additional indebtedness, making investments and paying dividends is also tied to ratios based on Adjusted EBITDA.

 

Covenant levels and pro forma ratios for the four quarters ended December 31, 2007 are as follows:

 

 

 

 

*Adjusted EBITDA as used herein is defined as net income before interest expense, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization and further adjusted to exclude non-recurring items, non-cash items and other adjustments permitted in calculating covenants contained in the related senior secured credit facility and indenture governing the senior subordinated notes.

 

 

Our Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes that are filed as part of this Annual Report are listed under “Part IV, Item 15, Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules” and are set forth beginning on page F-1 immediately following the signature page of this Form 10-K.

 

 

None.

 

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.

 

As of December 31, 2007, an evaluation was performed, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15 under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Based upon that

evaluation, such officers concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act (1) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and (2) is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

 

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.

 

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting and the attestation report of Ernst & Young LLP, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, are set forth on pages F-2 and F-4, respectively of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and incorporated herein by reference.

 

The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007 has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in its attestation report which is set forth in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” under the caption “Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” and incorporated herein by reference.

 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

 

None.

 

 

Information required by this item as to the Directors of the Company appearing under the caption “Election of Directors” in the Company’s 2008 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference. Information required by this item as to the Executive Officers of the Company is included as Item 4A of Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K as permitted by Instruction 3 to Item 401(b) of Regulation S-K. Information required by Item 405 is set forth in the 2008 Proxy Statement under the heading “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” which information is incorporated herein by reference. Information required by Items 406 and 407(c)(3), (d)(4) and (d)(5) of Regulation S-K is set forth in the 2008 Proxy Statement under the heading “Information Regarding Meetings and Committees of the Board of Directors” which information is incorporated herein by reference.

 

The Charters of the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and Nominations and Corporate Governance Committee and the Corporate Governance Guidelines, Officer Code of Ethics and Code of Ethical Business Conduct are available on the Company’s website at www.chart-ind.com and in print to any stockholder who requests a copy. Requests for copies should be directed to General Counsel, Chart Industries, Inc., One Infinity Corporate Centre Drive, Suite 300, Garfield Heights, Ohio 44125. The Company intends to disclose any amendments to the Code of Ethical Business Conduct or Officer Code of Ethics, and any waiver of the Code of Ethical Business Conduct or Officer Code of Ethics granted to any Director or Executive Officer of the Company, on the Company’s website.

 

 

The information required by Item 402 of Regulation S-K is set forth in the 2008 Proxy Statement under the heading “Executive and Director Compensation,” which information is incorporated herein by reference. The information required by Items 407(e)(4) and 407(e)(5) of Regulation S-K is set forth in the 2008 Proxy Statement

under the headings “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” and “Compensation Committee Report,” respectively, which information is incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

The information required by this item is set forth in the 2008 Proxy Statement under the headings “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners” and “Equity Compensation Plan Information,” which information is incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

The information required by this item is set forth in the 2008 Proxy Statement under the headings “Related Party Transactions” and “Director Independence,” which information is incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

The information required by this item is set forth in the 2008 Proxy Statement under the heading “Principal Accountant Fees and Services,” which information is incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

(a) The following documents are filed as part of this 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K:

 

1. Financial Statements.  The following consolidated financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries and the reports of the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm are incorporated by reference in Item 8:

 

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Company) at December 31, 2007 and 2006 (Company)

 

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2007 (Company), the year ended December 31, 2006 (Company), the period from October 17, 2005 to December 31, 2005 (Company) and the period from January 1, 2005 through October 16, 2005 (Predecessor Company)

 

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the year ended December 31, 2007 (Company), the year ended December 31, 2006 (Company), the period from October 17, 2005 through December 31, 2005 (Company) and the period from January 1, 2005 through October 16, 2005 (Predecessor Company).

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the year ended December 31, 2007 (Company), the year ended December 31, 2006 (Company), the period from October 17, 2005 through December 31, 2005 (Company) and the period from January 1, 2005 through October 16, 2005 (Predecessor Company).

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

2. Financial Statement Schedules.  The financial statements are set forth under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Financial statement schedules have been omitted since they are either not required, not applicable, or the information is otherwise included.

 

3. Exhibits.  See the Index to Exhibits at page E-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

CHART INDUSTRIES, INC.

 

Samuel F. Thomas

Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President

 

Date: February 28, 2008

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature and Title

 

 

Date: February 28, 2008

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

 

Management of Chart Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) are responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of the Company’s principal executive and financial officers to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Company’s financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 

The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that: