Form 10-Q




 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q
 

 
x Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2006.   

oTransition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the Transition Period From ______________________ to _________________________.
  
 
Commission file number 001-32265
 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Maryland
 
76-0753089
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
 
(IRS Employer Identification No.)
805 Las Cimas Parkway, Suite 400
Austin, TX
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
 
78746
(Zip Code)

(512) 732-1000
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code



Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes xNo o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer o                  Accelerated Filer x                 Non-accelerated filer o  
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act)
Yes o  No x 

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

There were 17,203,573 shares of American Campus Communities, Inc.'s common stock with a par value of $0.01 per share outstanding as of the close of business on May 3, 2006.



FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2006

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 
 
 
PAGE
NO.
   
PART I.    
 
     
Item 1.
Consolidated Financial Statements
 
     
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2006 (unaudited) and December 31, 2005
1
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 (all unaudited)   
2
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 (all unaudited)   
3
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 (all unaudited)
4
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
5
 
 
 
Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
15
     
Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk
28
     
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
29
 
 
PART II.    
 
 
 
 
Item 6.
Exhibits
30
 
 
SIGNATURES
31
 
 

 

 
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

   
March 31, 2006
 
December 31, 2005
 
   
(Unaudited)
     
Assets
         
           
Investments in real estate:
             
Owned off-campus properties, net
 
$
676,890
 
$
417,098
 
On-campus participating properties, net
   
79,387
   
80,370
 
Investments in real estate, net
   
756,277
   
497,468
 
               
Cash and cash equivalents
   
11,025
   
24,641
 
Restricted cash
   
12,609
   
9,502
 
Student contracts receivable, net
   
1,904
   
2,610
 
Other assets
   
20,101
   
16,641
 
               
Total assets
 
$
801,916
 
$
550,862
 
               
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
             
               
Liabilities:
             
Secured debt
 
$
422,597
 
$
291,646
 
Unsecured revolving credit facility
   
67,000
   
-
 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
   
9,807
   
7,983
 
Other liabilities
   
26,294
   
25,155
 
Total liabilities
   
525,698
   
324,784
 
               
Minority interests
   
35,011
   
2,851
 
               
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)
             
               
Stockholders’ equity:
             
Common shares, $.01 par value, 800,000,000 shares authorized, 17,203,573 and 17,190,000 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively
   
172
   
172
 
Additional paid in capital
   
253,432
   
233,388
 
Accumulated earnings and distributions
   
(12,999
)
 
(10,817
)
Accumulated other comprehensive income
   
602
   
484
 
Total stockholders’ equity
   
241,207
   
223,227
 
               
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
 
$
801,916
 
$
550,862
 























See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

1

AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited, in thousands, except share and per share data)

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
Revenues:
             
Owned off-campus properties
 
$
19,487
 
$
12,489
 
On-campus participating properties
   
5,982
   
5,493
 
Third party development services
   
1,602
   
609
 
Third party development services - on-campus participating properties
   
36
   
36
 
Third party management services
   
662
   
710
 
Resident services
   
320
   
204
 
Total revenues
   
28,089
   
19,541
 
               
Operating expenses:
             
Owned off-campus properties
   
8,149
   
5,136
 
On-campus participating properties
   
1,950
   
1,875
 
Third party development and management services
   
1,638
   
1,464
 
General and administrative
   
1,587
   
1,364
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
5,275
   
3,424
 
Ground/facility lease
   
192
   
212
 
Total operating expenses
   
18,791
   
13,475
 
               
Operating income
   
9,298
   
6,066
 
               
Nonoperating income and (expenses):
             
Interest income
   
185
   
58
 
Interest expense
   
(5,336
)
 
(3,808
)
Amortization of deferred financing costs
   
(355
)
 
(246
)
Other nonoperating income
   
-
   
430
 
Total nonoperating expenses
   
(5,506
)
 
(3,566
)
               
Income before income taxes, minority interests, and discontinued operations
   
3,792
   
2,500
 
Income tax provision
   
-
   
(102
)
Minority interests
   
(128
)
 
(87
)
Income from continuing operations
   
3,664
   
2,311
 
               
Discontinued operations:
             
Loss attributable to discontinued operations
   
-
   
(2
)
Gain from disposition of real estate
   
-
   
5,883
 
Total discontinued operations
   
-
   
5,881
 
Net income
 
$
3,664
 
$
8,192
 
               
Income per share - basic:
             
Income from continuing operations per share
 
$
0.21
 
$
0.18
 
Net income per share
 
$
0.21
 
$
0.65
 
Income per share - diluted:
             
Income from continuing operations per share
 
$
0.21
 
$
0.19
 
Net income per share
 
$
0.21
 
$
0.65
 
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
             
Basic
   
17,209,779
   
12,622,145
 
Diluted
   
18,176,189
   
12,769,939
 
               
Distributions declared per common share
 
$
0.3375
 
$
0.3375
 











See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

2

AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES


CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited, in thousands)



   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
Net income
 
$
3,664
 
$
8,192
 
               
Other comprehensive income:
             
Change in fair value of interest rate swap
   
118
   
345
 
Net comprehensive income
 
$
3,782
 
$
8,537
 
               



































































See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


3

AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES


CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited, in thousands)
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
Operating activities
         
Net income
 
$
3,664
 
$
8,192
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
             
Gain from disposition of real estate
   
-
   
(5,883
)
Minority interests share of income
   
128
   
87
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
5,275
   
3,424
 
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt premiums/discounts
   
106
   
127
 
Share-based compensation
   
121
   
24
 
Income tax provision
   
-
   
102
 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
             
Restricted cash
   
(1,211
)
 
3,013
 
Student contracts receivable, net
   
706
   
(849
)
Other assets
   
(605
)
 
(1,474
)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
   
367
   
(414
)
Other liabilities
   
(2,471
)
 
(636
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
   
6,080
   
5,713
 
Investing activities
             
Net proceeds from disposition of real estate
   
-
   
28,023
 
Cash paid for property acquisitions
   
(69,241
)
 
(72,763
)
Investments in owned off-campus properties
   
(14,684
)
 
(10,972
)
Investments in on-campus participating properties
   
(49
)
 
(3,055
)
Purchase of corporate furniture, fixtures and equipment
   
(139
)
 
(86
)
Net cash used in investing activities
   
(84,113
)
 
(58,853
)
Financing activities
             
Proceeds from revolving credit facility, net of paydowns
   
67,000
   
21,800
 
Proceeds from construction loans
   
5,708
   
2,528
 
Proceeds from bridge/mortgage loan
   
-
   
37,400
 
Principal payments on debt
   
(1,098
)
 
(484
)
Change in construction accounts payable
   
(5
)
 
681
 
Debt issuance and assumption costs
   
(1,204
)
 
(913
)
Distributions to common and restricted stockholders
   
(5,841
)
 
(4,277
)
Distributions to Predecessor owners
   
-
   
(1,179
)
Distributions to minority partners
   
(143
)
 
(41
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
   
64,417
   
55,515
 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
   
(13,616
)
 
2,375
 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
   
24,641
   
4,050
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
 
$
11,025
 
$
6,425
 
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities
             
Loans assumed in connection with property acquisitions
 
$
(123,649
)
$
(47,169
)
Issuance of Common Units in connection with property acquisitions
 
$
(49,096
)
$
-
 
Issuance of Preferred Units in connection with property acquisitions
 
$
(3,075
)
$
-
 
Change in fair value of derivative instruments, net
 
$
118
 
$
345
 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
             
Interest paid
 
$
6,251
 
$
4,496
 









See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


4

AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



1.     Organization and Description of Business  

American Campus Communities, Inc. (the “Company”) is a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) that was incorporated on March 9, 2004 and commenced operations effective with the completion of an initial public offering (“IPO”) on August 17, 2004. Through the Company’s controlling interest in American Campus Communities Operating Partnership LP (the “Operating Partnership”) and American Campus Communities Services, Inc., (the Company’s taxable REIT subsidiary or “TRS”), the Company is one of the largest owners, managers and developers of high quality student housing properties in the United States in terms of beds owned and under management. The Company is a fully integrated, self-managed and self-administered equity REIT with expertise in the acquisition, design, financing, development, construction management, leasing and management of student housing properties.

As of March 31, 2006, the Company’s property portfolio contained 38 student housing properties with approximately 22,900 beds and approximately 7,400 apartment units, consisting of 34 owned off-campus properties that are in close proximities to colleges and universities and four on-campus participating properties operated under ground/facility leases with the related university systems. These communities contain modern housing units, offer resort-style amenities and are supported by a classic resident assistant system and other student-oriented programming.

Through the TRS, the Company also provides construction management and development services for student housing properties owned by colleges and universities, charitable foundations, and others. As of March 31, 2006, the Company provided third party management and leasing services for 15 student housing properties (10 of which the Company served as the third party developer and construction manager) that represented approximately 9,000 beds in approximately 3,700 units. Third party management and leasing services are typically provided pursuant to multi-year management contracts that have initial terms that range from one to five years. As of March 31, 2006, the Company’s total owned and managed portfolio included 53 properties with approximately 31,900 beds in approximately 11,100 units.

2.   Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation and Combination

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include all of the accounts of the Company, the Operating Partnership and the subsidiaries of the Operating Partnership. The Company consolidates entities in which it has an ownership interest and over which it exercises significant control over major operating decisions, such as budgeting, investment and financing decisions. The real estate entities included in the consolidated financial statements have been consolidated only for the periods that such entities were under control by the Company. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. All dollar amounts in the tables herein, except share and per share amounts, are stated in thousands unless otherwise indicated.

Interim Financial Statements

The accompanying interim financial statements are unaudited, but have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in conjunction with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, they do not include all disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting solely of normal recurring matters) necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements for these interim periods have been included. Because of the seasonal nature of the Company’s operations, the results of operations and cash flows for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for other interim periods or for the full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December, 31, 2005.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.




5

AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



Investments in Real Estate 

Investments in real estate are recorded at historical cost. Major improvements that extend the life of an asset are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining useful life of the asset. The cost of ordinary repairs and maintenance is charged to expense when incurred. Depreciation and amortization are recorded on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:

Buildings and improvements
 
7-40 years
Leasehold interest - on-campus
participating properties
 
25-34 years (shorter of useful life or respective lease term)
Furniture, fixtures and equipment
 
3-7 years

The cost of buildings and improvements includes the purchase price of the property, including legal fees and acquisition costs. Project costs directly associated with the development and construction of an owned real estate project, which include interest, property taxes, and amortization of deferred finance costs, are capitalized as construction in progress. Upon completion of the project, costs are transferred into the applicable asset category and depreciation commences. Interest totaling approximately $0.5 million and $0.3 million was capitalized during the three months ended March 31, 2006, and 2005, respectively. Amortization of deferred financing costs totaling approximately $30,000 was capitalized during both the three months ended March 31, 2006, and 2005.

Management assesses whether there has been an impairment in the value of the Company’s investments in real estate whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Impairment is recognized when estimated expected future cash flows (undiscounted and before interest charges) are less than the carrying value of the property. The estimation of expected future net cash flows is inherently uncertain and relies on assumptions regarding current and future economics and market conditions. If such conditions change, then an adjustment to the carrying value of the Company’s long-lived assets could occur in the future period in which the conditions change. To the extent that a property is impaired, the excess of the carrying amount of the property over its estimated fair value is charged to earnings. The Company believes that there were no impairments of the carrying values of its investments in real estate as of March 31, 2006.

The Company allocates the purchase price of acquired properties to net tangible and identified intangible assets based on relative fair values in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (“SFAS”) No. 141, Business Combinations. Fair value estimates are based on information obtained from a number of sources, including independent appraisals that may be obtained in connection with the acquisition or financing of the respective property and other market data. Information obtained about each property as a result of due diligence, marketing and leasing activities is also considered. The value of in-place leases is based on the difference between (i) the property valued with existing in-place leases adjusted to market rental rates and (ii) the property valued “as-if” vacant. As lease terms are typically one year or less, rates on in-place leases generally approximate market rental rates. Factors considered in the valuation of in-place leases include an estimate of the carrying costs during the expected lease-up period considering current market conditions, nature of the tenancy, and costs to execute similar leases. Carrying costs include estimates of lost rentals at market rates during the expected lease-up period, as well as marketing and other operating expenses. The value of in-place leases is amortized over the remaining initial term of the respective leases, generally less than one year. The purchase price of property acquisitions is not expected to be allocated to tenant relationships, considering the terms of the leases and the expected levels of renewals. The Company’s allocation of purchase price is contingent upon the final true-up of certain prorations.
 
Intangible Assets

In connection with property acquisitions completed during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, the Company capitalized approximately $2.3 million and $1.1 million, respectively, related to management’s estimate of the fair value of the in-place leases assumed. These intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over a term of approximately six months, which represents the average remaining term of the underlying leases. The amortization is included in depreciation expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. See Note 3 for a detailed discussion of the property acquisitions completed during the three months ended March 31, 2006.



6

AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



Debt Premiums and Discounts

Debt premiums and discounts represent fair value adjustments to account for the difference between the fixed rates and market rates of debt assumed in connection with the Company’s property acquisitions. The debt premiums and discounts are being amortized to interest expense over the term of the related loans using the effective-interest method. As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, net unamortized debt premiums were $7.1 million and $4.4 million, respectively, net of unamortized debt discounts of $0.5 million and $-0-, respectively. Debt premiums and discounts are included in secured debt on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Third Party Development Services Costs

Costs associated with the pursuit of development and construction management contracts are expensed as incurred, until such time that management believes it is probable the contract will be executed. Costs are then deferred and recognized in relation to the revenues earned on executed contracts. Management evaluates the status of awarded projects on a periodic basis and expenses any deferred costs related to projects whose current status indicates the costs may not provide future value to the Company in the form of revenues. Such write-offs are included in third party development and management services expenses on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. As of March 31, 2006, the Company has capitalized approximately $2.5 million in pre-development costs related to awarded projects that have not yet commenced construction. Such costs are included in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for equity based awards in accordance with SFAS No. 123 (R), Share-Based Payment. Accordingly, the Company has recognized compensation expense related to certain restricted stock awards (see Note 9) over the underlying vesting periods, which amounted to approximately $0.1 million and $24,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

Income Taxes

The Company has elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). To qualify as a REIT, the Company must meet a number of organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that it currently distribute at least 90% of its adjusted taxable income to its stockholders. As a REIT, the Company will generally not be subject to corporate level federal income tax on taxable income it currently distributes to its stockholders. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, it will be subject to federal income taxes at regular corporate rates (including any applicable alternative minimum tax) and may not be able to qualify as a REIT for the subsequent four taxable years. Even if the Company qualifies for taxation as a REIT, the Company may be subject to certain state and local income and excise taxes on its income and property, and to federal income and excise taxes on its undistributed income.

The TRS manages the Company’s non-REIT activities and is subject to federal, state and local income taxes.

Other Nonoperating Income

Other nonoperating income of approximately $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 consists of a gain recognized related to insurance proceeds received for a fire that occurred at one of the Company’s owned off-campus properties in 2003.

Income Per Share

Basic income per share is computed using net income and the weighted average number of shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding during the period, including restricted stock units (“RSUs”) issued to outside directors. RSUs are included in both basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding because they were fully vested on the date of grant and all conditions required in order for the recipients to earn the RSUs have been satisfied. Diluted income per share reflects weighted average common shares issuable from the assumed conversion of restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) granted to employees and common and preferred units of limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership (“Common Units” and “Series A Preferred Units,” respectively). See Note 7 for a discussion of Common Units and Series A Preferred Units and Note 9 for a discussion of RSAs.


7

AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



The following is a summary of the elements used in calculating basic and diluted income per share:
 
 


     
Three Months Ended March 31, 
 
 
 
 
2006  
 
2005
 
Basic net income per share calculation:
           
Income from continuing operations
 
$
3,664
 
$
2,311
 
Discontinued operations
   
-
   
5,881
 
Net income
 
$
3,664
 
$
8,192
 
               
Income from continuing operations - per share
 
$
0.21
 
$
0.18
 
Income from discontinued operations - per share
 
$
-
 
$
0.47
 
Net income - per share
 
$
0.21
 
$
0.65
 
               
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
   
17,209,779
   
12,622,145
 
               
Diluted net income per share calculation:
             
Income from continuing operations
 
$
3,664
 
$
2,311
 
Series A Preferred Unit distributions
   
15
   
-
 
Income allocated to Common Units
   
77
   
87
 
Income from continuing operations, as adjusted
   
3,756
   
2,398
 
Discontinued operations
   
-
   
5,881
 
Net income, as adjusted
 
$
3,756
 
$
8,279
 
               
Income from continuing operations - per share
 
$
0.21
 
$
0.19
 
Income from discontinued operations - per share
 
$
-
 
$
0.46
 
Net income - per share
 
$
0.21
 
$
0.65
 
               
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
   
17,209,779
   
12,622,145
 
Common Units
   
838,607
   
121,000
 
Series A Preferred Units
   
39,599
   
-
 
Restricted stock awards
   
88,204
   
26,794
 
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding
   
18,176,189
   
12,769,939
 

 
 

 
3. Property Acquisitions

On March 1, 2006, the Company completed the acquisition of a portfolio of 13 student housing properties (the “Royal Portfolio”) pursuant to a contribution and sale agreement with contributors affiliated with Royal Properties for a contribution value of $244.3 million, which was paid as follows: (i) the issuance to certain partners of the contributors of approximately 2.1 million Common Units valued at $23.50 per unit and approximately 0.1 million Series A Preferred Units valued at $26.75 per unit (See Note 7); (ii) the assumption of $123.6 million of fixed-rate mortgage debt (see Note 8); and (iii) the remainder in cash and promissory notes, of which $1.9 million is currently outstanding, and is payable on February 28, 2007 together with accrued interest at 4.39% per annum. The Company also incurred an additional $4.6 million in closing costs and other external acquisition costs related to this acquisition.

The Company retained approximately $6.9 million of the contribution value, which will be utilized to satisfy indemnification obligations that may arise during a one-year survival period, with any remaining amounts to be paid to the contributors upon expiration of such one-year survival period. The retained amount is composed of Common Units, Series A Preferred Units, secured promissory notes and cash.

The Royal Portfolio consists of five properties in Florida, four properties in Texas, two properties in Tennessee, and one property each in Arizona and Kentucky. The 13 properties contain approximately 1,800 units and approximately 5,700 beds.

8

AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


The acquired properties’ results of operations have been included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations since the acquisition date. The following pro forma information for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 presents consolidated information for the Company as if the property acquisitions discussed above, the 2005 acquisitions and the July 2005 equity offering had occurred at the beginning of the earliest period presented. The unaudited pro forma information is provided for informational purposes only and is not indicative of results that would have occurred or which may occur in the future:

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
   
2006
   
2005
Total revenues
 
$
33,198
 
$
28,699
 
Net income
 
$
3,642
 
$
6,572
 
Net income per share - basic
 
$
0.21
 
$
0.38
 
Net income per share - diluted
 
$
0.19
 
$
0.34
 

4. Property Disposition and Discontinued Operations

In November 2004, California State University - San Bernardino exercised its option to purchase from the Company the University Village at San Bernardino off-campus student housing property for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $28.3 million. This transaction was consummated in January 2005, resulting in net proceeds of approximately $28.1 million. The resulting gain on disposition of approximately $5.9 million is included in discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2005.
 
The related net income or loss for the afore-mentioned property is reflected in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations as discontinued operations in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. Below is a summary of the results of operations through the property’s disposition date:
 
 

 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
Total revenues
 
$
-
 
$
29
 
Total operating expenses
   
-
   
(31
)
 Net loss
 
$
-
 
$
(2
)

5. Investments in Owned Off-Campus Properties

Owned off-campus properties consisted of the following:

   
March 31, 2006
 
December 31, 2005
Land
 
$
80,859
 
$
52,018
 
Buildings and improvements
   
576,957
   
361,938
 
Furniture, fixtures and equipment
   
22,667
   
18,115
 
Construction in progress
   
34,032
   
18,962
 
 
   
714,515
   
451,033
 
Less accumulated depreciation
   
(37,625
)
 
(33,935
)
Owned off-campus properties, net
 
$
676,890
 
$
417,098
 

6. On-Campus Participating Properties

The Company is a party to ground/facility lease agreements (“Leases”) with certain state university systems and colleges (each, a “Lessor”) for the purpose of developing, constructing, and operating student housing facilities on university campuses. Under the terms of the Leases, title to the constructed facilities is held by the applicable Lessor and such Lessor receives a de minimus base rent paid at inception and 50% of defined net cash flows on an annual basis through the term of the lease. The Leases terminate upon the earlier to occur of the final repayment of the related debt, the amortization period of which is contractually stipulated, or the end of the lease term.
 

9

AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Pursuant to the Leases, in the event the leasehold estates do not achieve Financial Break Even (defined as revenues less operating expenses, excluding management fees, less debt service), the applicable Lessor would be required to make a rental payment, also known as the Contingent Payment, sufficient to achieve Financial Break Even. The Contingent Payment provision remains in effect until such time as any financing placed on the facilities would receive an investment grade rating without the Contingent Payment provision. In the event that the Lessor is required to make a Contingent Payment, future net cash flow distributions would be first applied to repay such Contingent Payments and then to unpaid management fees prior to normal distributions. Beginning in November 1999 and December 2002, as a result of the debt financing on the facilities achieving investment grade ratings without the Contingent Payment provision, the Texas A&M University System is no longer required to make Contingent Payments under either the Prairie View A&M University Village or University College Leases. The Contingent Payment obligation continues to be in effect for the Texas A&M International University and University of Houston leases.
 
In the event the Company seeks to sell its leasehold interest, the Leases provide the applicable Lessor the right of first refusal of a bona fide purchase offer and an option to purchase the lessee’s rights under the applicable Lease.

In conjunction with the execution of each Lease, the Company has entered into separate five-year agreements to manage the related facilities for 5% of defined gross receipts. The five-year terms of the management agreements are not contingent upon the continuation of the Leases. Upon expiration of the initial five year terms, the agreements continue on a month-to-month basis.

On-campus participating properties are as follows:

           
Historical Cost
 
Lessor/University
 
Lease Commencement
 
Required Debt Repayment (1)
 
March 31, 2006
 
December 31, 2005
 
Texas A&M University System /
Prairie View A&M University (2)
   
2/1/96
   
9/1/23
 
$
38,073
 
$
38,037
 
Texas A&M University System /
Texas A&M International
   
2/1/96
   
9/1/23
   
5,925
   
5,920
 
Texas A&M University System /
Prairie View A&M University (3)
   
10/1/99
   
8/31/25 / 8/31/28
   
23,785
   
23,777
 
University of Houston System /
University of Houston  (4)
   
9/27/00
   
8/31/35
   
34,603
   
34,603
 
 
         
   
102,386
   
102,337
 
Less accumulated amortization
               
(22,999
)
 
(21,967
)
On-campus participating properties, net
             
$
79,387
 
$
80,370
 

(1)  
Represents the effective lease termination date. The Leases terminate upon the earlier to occur of the final repayment of the related debt or the end of the contractual lease term.
 
(2)  
Consists of three phases placed in service between 1996 and 1998.
 
(3)  
Consists of two phases placed in service in 2000 and 2003.
 
(4)  
Consists of two phases placed in service in 2001 and 2005.

7.    Minority Interests

The Company consolidates the accounts of the Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries into its consolidated financial statements. However, the Company does not own 100% of the Operating Partnership and certain consolidated real estate joint ventures. The amounts reported as minority interests on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet reflect the portion of these consolidated entities’ equity that the Company does not own. Accordingly, the amounts reported as minority interest on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations reflect the portion of these consolidated entities’ net income or loss not allocated to the Company.

Equity interests in the Operating Partnership not owned by the Company are held in the form of Common Units and Series A Preferred Units. On March 1, 2006, approximately 2.1 million Common Units valued at $23.50 per unit and 0.1 million Series A Preferred Units valued at $26.75 per unit were issued to individuals and entities affiliated with Royal Properties in connection with the acquisition of the Royal Portfolio (see Note 3). Such Common Units and Series A Preferred Units are exchangeable on or after March 1, 2007 into an equal number of shares of the Company’s common stock, or, at the Company’s election, cash. A Common Unit and a share of the Company’s common stock have essentially the same economic characteristics, as they effectively participate equally in the net income and distributions of the Operating Partnership. Series A Preferred Units have a cumulative preferential per annum cash distribution rate of 5.99%, payable quarterly concurrently with the payment of dividends on the Company’s common stock.
 
10

AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Income allocated to minority interests on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations includes the Series A Preferred Unit distributions as well as the pro rata share of the Operating Partnership’s net income allocated to Common Units. The Common Unitholders’ minority interest in the Operating Partnership is reported at an amount equal to their ownership percentage of the net equity of the Operating Partnership at the end of each reporting period. As of March 31, 2006, approximately 12% of the equity interests of the Operating Partnership was held by persons affiliated with Royal Properties and certain current and former members of management in the form of Common Units and Series A Preferred Units. As of December 31, 2005, approximately 0.7% of the equity interests of the Operating Partnership was held by certain current and former members of management in the form of Common Units.

Minority interests also include the equity interests of external joint venture partners in three joint ventures. Two of the joint ventures serve to own and operate the Company’s Callaway House and University Village at Sweethome owned-off campus properties, which are located near the campuses of Texas A&M University and the State University of New York - Buffalo, respectively. The other joint venture was formed to develop, own, and operate the Company’s Village at Newark owned off-campus property, which is currently under development and is located near the campuses of Rutgers University, New Jersey Institute of Technology and Essex County Community College.

8. Debt

A summary of the Company’s outstanding consolidated indebtedness, including unamortized debt premiums and discounts, is as follows:

   
March 31, 2006
 
December 31, 2005
 
Debt secured by owned off-campus properties:
             
Mortgage loans payable
 
$
318,492
 
$
195,871
 
Construction loan payable
   
5,688
   
-
 
     
324,180
   
195,871
 
Debt secured by on-campus participating properties:
             
Mortgage loans payable
   
16,716
   
16,786
 
Construction loan payable
   
16,431
   
16,411
 
Bonds payable
   
58,215
   
58,215
 
     
91,362
   
91,412
 
Revolving credit facility
   
67,000
   
-
 
Unamortized debt premiums, net of discounts
   
7,055
   
4,363
 
Total debt
 
$
489,597
 
$
291,646
 

Loans Assumed or Entered Into in Conjunction with Property Acquisitions

In connection with the March 1, 2006 acquisition of the Royal Portfolio (see Note 3), the Company assumed approximately $123.6 million of fixed-rate mortgage debt. At the time of assumption, the debt had a weighted average interest rate of 5.95% and an average term to maturity of 6.3 years. Upon assumption of this debt, the Company recorded debt premiums of approximately $2.9 million, net of discounts, to reflect the estimated fair value of the debt assumed.

The above mortgage loans are secured by the related properties.

Revolving Credit Facility

The Operating Partnership has a $100 million revolving credit facility, which may be expanded by up to an additional $100 million upon the satisfaction of certain conditions. The maturity date of the facility is August 2007 and the Company guarantees the Operating Partnership’s obligations under the facility.
 
Availability under the revolving credit facility is limited to an "aggregate borrowing base amount" equal to the lesser of (i) 65% of the value of certain properties, calculated as set forth in the credit facility, and (ii) the adjusted net operating income from these properties divided by a formula amount. The facility bears interest at a variable rate, at the Company’s option, based upon a base rate or one-, two-, three-, or six-month LIBOR plus, in each case, a spread based upon the Company’s total leverage. Additionally, the Company is required to pay an unused commitment fee ranging from 0.15% to 0.20% per annum, depending on the aggregate unused balance. As of March 31, 2006, the balance outstanding on the revolving credit facility totaled $67.0 million, bearing interest at a rate of 6.28%, with remaining availability under the facility (subject to certain financial covenants) totaling approximately $31.8 million.
 
11

AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


The terms of the facility include certain restrictions and covenants, which limit, among other items, the incurrence of additional indebtedness, liens, and the disposition of assets. The facility contains customary affirmative and negative covenants and also contains financial covenants that, among other things, require the Company to maintain certain minimum ratios of "EBITDA" (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) for interest expense and fixed charges. Before June 30, 2006, the Company may not pay distributions that exceed 100% of funds from operations for any four consecutive quarters. After June 30, 2006, the Company may not pay distributions that exceed 95% of funds from operations for any four consecutive quarters. The financial covenants also include consolidated net worth and leverage ratio tests. As of March 31, 2006, the Company was in compliance with all such covenants.

9. Incentive Award Plan

The Company has adopted the 2004 Incentive Award Plan (the “Plan”). The Plan provides for the grant to selected employees and directors of the Company and the Company’s affiliates of stock options, RSUs, RSAs, and other stock-based incentive awards. The Company has reserved a total of 1,210,000 shares of the Company’s common stock for issuance pursuant to the Plan, subject to certain adjustments for changes in the Company’s capital structure, as defined in the Plan. As of March 31, 2006, the Company has issued 618,589 awards under the Plan. A summary of the Company’s stock-based incentive awards under the Plan as of March 31, 2006 and changes during the three months ended March 31, 2006, is presented below:

   
 
 
Common Units
 
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
 
Restricted Stock Awards (RSAs)
 
 
Outperformance Bonus Plan
 
 
 
Total
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2005    
 121,000
   
 14,375
   
 45,868
   
 367,682
   
 548,925
 
Granted (1)
   
-
   
-
   
69,966
   
-
   
69,966
 
Vested
   
-
   
-
   
(12,194)
 
-
   
(12,194
)
Forfeited
   
-
   
-
   
(303
)
 
-
   
(303
)
Converted to common shares
   
(4,000
)
 
-
   
-
   
-
   
(4,000
)
Outstanding at March 31, 2006
   
117,000
   
14,375
   
103,337
   
367,682
   
602,394
 
Vested at March 31, 2006
   
117,000
   
14,375
   
12,194
   
-
   
143,569
 

(1)
On January 31, 2006, the Company granted 69,966 RSAs to its executive officers and certain employees that vest in equal annual installments over five years. Unvested awards are forfeited upon the termination of an individual’s employment with the Company. Recipients of RSAs receive dividends, as declared by the Company’s Board of Directors, on unvested shares provided that the respective recipient continues to be an employee of the Company.

10.   Interest Rate Hedges

In connection with the December 2003 extension of a construction note payable for Cullen Oaks, an on-campus participating property, the Predecessor entered into an interest rate swap on November 19, 2003 (effective December 15, 2003 through November 15, 2008) that was designated to hedge its exposure to fluctuations on interest payments attributed to changes in interest rates associated with payments on its advancing construction note payable. Under the terms of the interest rate swap agreement, the Company pays a fixed rate of 5.5% and receives a floating rate of LIBOR plus 1.9%. The interest rate swap had an estimated fair value of approximately $0.6 million and $0.5 million at March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively, and is reflected in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

The Company does not expect to reclassify a material amount of net gains on hedge instruments from accumulated other comprehensive income to earnings in 2006. Ineffectiveness resulting from the Company’s hedges is not material.






12

AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


11. Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments

Development-related guarantees: The Company commonly provides alternate housing and project cost guarantees, subject to force majeure. These guarantees are typically limited, on an aggregate basis, to the amount of the projects’ related development fees or a contractually agreed-upon maximum exposure amount. Alternate housing guarantees typically expire five days after construction is complete and generally require the Company to provide substitute living quarters and transportation for students to and from the university if the project is not complete by an agreed-upon completion date. Project cost guarantees hold the Company responsible for the cost of a project in excess of an approved budget. The budget consists primarily of costs included in the general contractors’ guaranteed maximum price contract (“GMP”). In most cases, the GMP obligates the general contractor, subject to force majeure and approved change orders, to provide completion date guarantees and to cover cost overruns and liquidated damages. In addition, the GMP is typically secured with payment and performance bonds. Project cost guarantees expire upon completion of certain developer obligations, which are normally satisfied within one year after completion of the project.

On one completed project, the Company has guaranteed losses up to $3.0 million in excess of the development fee if the loss is due to any failure of the Company to maintain, or cause its professionals to maintain, required insurance for a period of five years after completion of the project (August 2009).

The Company’s estimated maximum exposure amount under the above guarantees is approximately $9.2 million

At March 31, 2006, all third party development projects were anticipated to complete on schedule and within budget.  The Company has estimated the fair value of guarantees entered into or modified after December 31, 2002, the effective date of FASB Interpretation No. 45, Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others, to be immaterial.

In the normal course of business, the Company enters into various development-related purchase commitments with parties that provide development-related goods and services.  In the event that the Company was to terminate development services prior to the completion of projects under construction, the Company could potentially be committed to satisfy outstanding purchase orders with such parties.  The Company’s most significant and common commitments rest with general contractors and furniture suppliers.

Contract to Acquire Development Property: The Company is under contract to acquire a $24.8 million development property in Waco, Texas. The closing of this transaction is anticipated to occur during the third quarter of 2006, upon completion of construction and lease-up, and is dependent upon this property achieving certain occupancy levels and rental rates. There can be no assurance that such conditions will be satisfied or that this acquisition will be consummated.
 
Contingencies

Litigation: In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to claims, lawsuits, and legal proceedings. While it is not possible to ascertain the ultimate outcome of such matters, management believes that the aggregate amount of such liabilities, if any, in excess of amounts provided or covered by insurance, will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position or results of operations of the Company.

Environmental Matters: The Company is not aware of any environmental liability with respect to the properties that would have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, assets or results of operations. However, there can be no assurance that such a material environmental liability does not exist. The existence of any such material environmental liability could have an adverse effect on the Company's results of operations and cash flows.



13

AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



12. Segments 

The Company defines business segments by their distinct customer base and service provided. The Company has identified four reportable segments: Owned Off-Campus Properties, On-Campus Participating Properties, Development Services, and Property Management Services. Management evaluates each segment’s performance based on operating income before depreciation, amortization, minority interests and allocation of corporate overhead. Intercompany fees are reflected at the contractually stipulated amounts.

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
Owned Off-Campus Properties
         
Rental revenues
 
$
19,807
 
$
12,692
 
Interest and other income
   
16
   
34
 
Total revenues from external customers
   
19,823
   
12,726
 
Operating expenses before depreciation and amortization
   
8,014
   
5,065
 
Interest expense
   
3,775
   
2,456
 
Insurance gain
   
-
   
430
 
Operating income before depreciation, amortization, minority
interests and allocation of corporate overhead
 
$
8,034
 
$
5,635
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
$
4,123
 
$
2,455
 
Capital expenditures
 
$
14,684
 
$
10,792
 
Total segment assets at March 31,
 
$
699,168
 
$
396,663
 
On-Campus Participating Properties
             
Rental revenues
 
$
5,982
 
$
5,493
 
Interest and other income
   
64
   
25
 
Total revenues from external customers
   
6,046
   
5,518
 
Operating expenses before depreciation, amortization,
ground/facility lease, and allocation of corporate overhead
   
1,778
   
1,669
 
Ground/facility lease
   
192
   
212
 
Interest expense
   
1,587
   
1,347
 
Operating income before depreciation, amortization, minority
interests and allocation of corporate overhead
 
$
2,489
 
$
2,290
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
$
1,033
 
$
880
 
Capital expenditures
 
$
49
 
$
3,055
 
Total segment assets at March 31,
 
$
92,528
 
$
83,423
 
Development Services
             
Development and construction management fees from
external customers
 
$
1,638
 
$
645
 
Intersegment revenues
   
-
   
92
 
Total revenues
   
1,638
   
737
 
Operating expenses
   
1,310
   
912
 
Operating income (loss) before depreciation, amortization,
minority interests and allocation of corporate overhead
 
$
328
 
$
(175
)
Total segment assets at March 31,
 
$
4,431
 
$
1,406
 
Property Management Services
             
Property management fees from external customers
 
$
662
 
$
710
 
Intersegment revenues
   
835
   
657
 
Total revenues
   
1,497
   
1,367
 
Operating expenses
   
640
   
418
 
Operating income before depreciation, amortization, minority
interests and allocation of corporate overhead
 
$
857
 
$
949
 
Total segment assets at March 31,
 
$
1,253
 
$
2,051
 
Reconciliations
             
Total segment revenues
 
$
29,004
 
$
20,348
 
Unallocated interest income earned on corporate cash
   
105
   
-
 
Elimination of intersegment revenues
   
(835
)
 
(749
)
Total consolidated revenues, including interest income
 
$
28,274
 
$
19,599
 
Segment operating income before depreciation, amortization,
minority interests and allocation of corporate overhead
 
$
11,708
 
$
8,699
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
5,630
   
3,670
 
Net unallocated expenses relating to corporate overhead
   
2,286
   
2,529
 
Income tax provision
   
-
   
(102
Minority interests
   
(128
)
 
(87
)
Income from continuing operations
 
$
3,664
 
$
2,311
 
Total segment assets
 
$
797,380
 
$
483,543
 
Unallocated corporate assets
   
4,536
   
2,944
 
Total assets
 
$
801,916
 
$
486,487
 

14

AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. We caution investors that any forward-looking statements presented in this report, or which management may make orally or in writing from time to time, are based on management’s beliefs and assumptions made by, and information currently available to, management. When used, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “estimate,” “project,” “should,” “will,” “result” and similar expressions, which do not relate solely to historical matters, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions and may be affected by known and unknown risks, trends, uncertainties and factors that are beyond our control. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, estimated or projected. We caution you that while forward-looking statements reflect our good faith beliefs when we make them, they are not guarantees of future performance and are impacted by actual events when they occur after we make such statements. We expressly disclaim any responsibility to update forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Accordingly, investors should use caution in relying on past forward-looking statements, which are based on results and trends at the time they were made, to anticipate future results or trends.

Some of the risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements include, among others, the following: general risks affecting the real estate industry (including, without limitation, the inability to enter into or renew leases, dependence on tenants’ financial condition, and competition from other developers, owners and operators of real estate); risks associated with changes in University admission or housing policies; risks associated with the availability and terms of financing and the use of debt to fund acquisitions and developments; failure to manage effectively our growth and expansion into new markets or to integrate acquisitions successfully; risks and uncertainties affecting property development and construction (including, without limitation, construction delays, cost overruns, inability to obtain necessary permits and public opposition to such activities); risks associated with downturns in the national and local economies, increases in interest rates, and volatility in the securities markets; costs of compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act and other similar laws; potential liability for uninsured losses and environmental contamination; risks associated with our potential failure to qualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the “Code”), as amended, and possible adverse changes in tax and environmental laws; and risks associated with our dependence on key personnel whose continued service is not guaranteed.

The risks included here are not exhaustive, and additional factors could adversely affect our business and financial performance, including factors and risks included in other sections of this report. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for management to predict all such risk factors, nor can it assess the impact of all such risk factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results.

Our Company and Our Business

American Campus Communities, Inc. (referred to herein as “the Company,” “us,” “we,” and “our”) is a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) that was incorporated on March 9, 2004 and commenced operations effective with the completion of our initial public offering (“IPO”) on August 17, 2004. Through our controlling interest in American Campus Communities Operating Partnership LP (the “Operating Partnership”) and American Campus Communities Services, Inc., (our taxable REIT subsidiary or “TRS”), we are one of the largest owners, managers and developers of high quality student housing properties in the United States in terms of beds owned and under management. We are a fully integrated, self-managed and self-administered equity REIT with expertise in the acquisition, design, financing, development, construction management, leasing and management of student housing properties.

As of March 31, 2006, our property portfolio contained 38 student housing properties with approximately 22,900 beds and approximately 7,400 apartment units, consisting of 34 owned off-campus properties that are in close proximities to colleges and universities and four on-campus participating properties operated under ground/facility leases with the related university systems. These communities contain modern housing units, offer resort-style amenities and are supported by a resident assistant system and other student-oriented programming.


Through the TRS, we also provide construction management and development services for student housing properties owned by colleges and universities, charitable foundations, and others. As of March 31, 2006, we provided third party management and leasing services for 15 student housing properties (10 of which we served as the third party developer and construction manager) that represented approximately 9,000 beds in approximately 3,700 units. Third party management and leasing services are typically provided pursuant to multi-year management contracts that have initial terms that range from one to five years. As of March 31, 2006, our total owned and managed portfolio included 53 properties with approximately 31,900 beds in approximately 11,100 units.

Our development and construction management services as of March 31, 2006 consisted of seven projects under contract and currently in progress with fees ranging from $0.3 million to $3.5 million. As of March 31, 2006, fees of approximately $3.4 million remained to be earned by us with respect to these projects, which have scheduled completion dates of August 2006 through August 2008. In addition, as of March 31, 2006, we had been awarded three projects which have not yet commenced construction.

While we believe that our third party development/construction management and property management services allow us to develop strong and key relationships with colleges and universities, revenue from this area has over time become a smaller portion of our operations due to the continued focus on and growth of our owned property portfolio. Nevertheless, we believe these services continue to provide synergies with respect to our ability to identify, acquire or develop, and successfully operate student housing properties.
 
Acquisitions

On March 1, 2006, we completed the acquisition of a portfolio of 13 student housing properties (the “Royal Portfolio”) pursuant to a contribution and sale agreement with contributors affiliated with Royal Properties for a contribution value of $244.3 million, which was paid as follows: (i) the issuance to certain partners of the contributors of approximately 2.1 million Common Units valued at $23.50 per unit and approximately 0.1 million Series A Preferred Units valued at $26.75 per unit; (ii) the assumption of $123.6 million of fixed-rate mortgage debt; and (iii) the remainder in cash and promissory notes, of which $1.9 million is currently outstanding, and is payable on February 28, 2007 together with accrued interest at 4.39% per annum. We also incurred an additional $4.6 million in closing costs and other external acquisition costs related to this acquisition.

We retained approximately $6.9 million of the contribution value, which will be utilized to satisfy indemnification obligations that may arise during a one-year survival period with any remaining amounts to be paid to the contributors upon expiration of such one-year survival period. The retained amount is composed of Common Units, Series A Preferred Units, secured promissory notes and cash.

The Royal Portfolio consists of five properties in Florida, four properties in Texas, two properties in Tennessee, and one property each in Arizona and Kentucky. The 13 properties contain approximately 1,800 units and approximately 5,700 beds.

Owned Development Activities

Overview: As of March 31, 2006, we were in the process of constructing two owned off-campus properties. We estimate that the total development costs relating to these activities will be approximately $110.4 million. As of March 31, 2006, we have incurred development costs of approximately $35.5 million in connection with these properties, with the remaining development costs estimated at approximately $74.9 million. The activities are described below:

Village at Newark: As of March 31, 2006, our Village at Newark owned off-campus property was under construction with total development costs estimated to be approximately $72.9 million. The project is scheduled to complete construction in Summer 2007 and open for occupancy in Fall 2007 in connection with the commencement of the 2007/2008 academic year. As of March 31, 2006, the project was approximately 23% complete, and we estimate that remaining development costs will be approximately $58.8 million. We expect that we will fund approximately $27.4 million of the project budget and the remaining $45.5 million will be funded with a construction loan.

Callaway Villas: As of March 31, 2006, our Callaway Villas owned off-campus property was under construction with total development costs estimated to be approximately $37.5 million. The project is scheduled to be completed in August 2006 in connection with the commencement of the 2006/2007 academic year. As of March 31, 2006, the project was approximately 57% complete, and we anticipate incurring remaining development costs of approximately $16.1 million. As of March 31, 2006, we are making draws on the construction loan to fund such costs.


15





Property Operations

As of March 31, 2006, our property portfolio consisted of the following:


 
 
PROPERTY
 
YEAR
ACQUIRED / DEVELOPED
(1)
 
 
 
LOCATION
 
 
PRIMARY UNIVERSITY SERVED
 
 
 
UNITS
 
BEDS
                     
Owned off campus properties:
                   
 
1. Commons On Apache
 
 
1999
 
 
Tempe, AZ
 
 
Arizona State University Main Campus
 
 
111
 
 
444
 
2. The Village at Blacksburg
 
 
2000
 
 
Blacksburg, VA
 
 
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and
State University
 
 
288
 
 
1,056
 
3. The Village on University
 
 
1999
 
 
Tempe, AZ
 
 
Arizona State University Main Campus
 
 
288
 
 
918
 
4. River Club Apartments
 
 
1999
 
 
Athens, GA
 
 
The University of Georgia-Athens
 
 
266
 
 
794
 
5. River Walk Townhomes
 
 
1999
 
 
Athens, GA
 
 
The University of Georgia-Athens
 
 
100
 
 
340
 
6. The Callaway House
 
 
2001
 
 
College Station, TX
 
 
Texas A&M University
 
 
173
 
 
538
 
7. The Village at Alafaya Club
 
 
2000
 
 
Orlando, FL
 
 
The University of Central Florida
 
 
228
 
 
840
 
8. The Village at Science Drive
 
 
2001
 
 
Orlando, FL
 
 
The University of Central Florida
 
 
192
 
 
732
 
9. University Village at Boulder Creek
 
 
2002
 
 
Boulder, CO
 
 
The University of Colorado at Boulder
 
 
82
 
 
309
 
10. University Village at Fresno
 
 
2004
 
 
Fresno, CA
 
 
California State University, Fresno
 
 
105
 
 
406
 
11. University Village at TU
 
 
2004
 
 
Philadelphia, PA
 
 
Temple University
 
 
220
 
 
749
 
12. University Club Tallahassee
 
 
2005
 
 
Tallahassee, FL
 
 
Florida State University
 
 
152
 
 
608
 
13. The Grove at University Club
 
 
2005
 
 
Tallahassee, FL
 
 
Florida State University
 
 
64
 
 
128
 
14. College Club Tallahassee
 
 
2005
 
 
Tallahassee, FL
 
 
Florida A&M University
 
 
96
 
 
384
 
15. The Greens at College Club
 
 
2005
 
 
Tallahassee, FL
 
 
Florida A&M University
 
 
40
 
 
160
 
16. University Club Gainesville
 
 
2005
 
 
Gainesville, FL
 
 
University of Florida
 
 
94
 
 
376
 
17. City Parc at Fry Street
 
 
2005
 
 
Denton, TX
 
 
University of North Texas
 
 
136
 
 
418
18. The Estates
 
 
2005
 
 
Gainesville, FL
 
 
University of Florida
 
 
396
 
 
1,044
 
19. University Village at Sweet Home (2)
 
 
2005
 
 
Amherst, NY
 
 
State University of New York - Buffalo
 
 
269
 
 
828
 
20. Entrada Real
 
 
2006
 
 
Tucson, AZ
 
 
University of Arizona
 
 
98
 
 
363
 
21. Royal Oaks
 
 
2006
 
 
Tallahassee, FL
 
 
Florida State University
 
 
82
 
 
224
 
22. Royal Pavilion
 
 
2006
 
 
Tallahassee, FL
 
 
Florida State University
 
 
60
 
 
204
 
23. Royal Village Tallahassee
 
 
2006
 
 
Tallahassee, FL
 
 
Florida State University
 
 
75
 
 
288
 
24. Royal Village Gainesville
 
 
2006
 
 
Gainesville, FL
 
 
University of Florida
 
 
118
 
 
448
 
25. Northgate Lakes
 
 
2006
 
 
Orlando, FL
 
 
The University of Central Florida
 
 
194
 
 
710
 
26. Royal Lexington
 
 
2006
 
 
Lexington, KY
 
 
University of Kentucky
 
 
94
 
 
364
 
27. The Woods at Greenland
 
 
2006
 
 
Murfreesboro, TN
 
 
Middle Tennessee State University
 
 
78
 
 
276
 
28. Raiders Crossing
 
 
2006
 
 
Murfreesboro, TN
 
 
Middle Tennessee State University
 
 
96
 
 
276
 
29. Raiders Pass
 
 
2006
 
 
Lubbock, TX
 
 
Texas Tech University
 
 
264
 
 
828
 
30. Aggie Station
 
 
2006
 
 
College Station, TX
 
 
Texas A&M University
 
 
156
 
 
450
 
31. The Outpost San Marcos
 
 
2006
 
 
San Marcos, TX
 
 
Texas State University - San Marcos
 
 
162
 
 
486
 
32. The Outpost San Antonio
 
 
2006
 
 
San Antonio, TX
 
 
University of Texas - San Antonio
 
 
276
 
 
828
 
33. Callaway Villas (3)
 
 
2006
 
 
College Station, TX
 
 
Texas A&M University
 
 
236
 
 
704
 
34. Village at Newark (4)
 
 
2007
 
 
Newark, NJ
 
 
Rutgers University, NJIT, Essex CCC
 
 
221
 
 
812
 
Total owned off-campus properties
 
 
5,510
 
 
18,333
 
16


PROPERTY
 
YEAR
ACQUIRED / DEVELOPED
(1)
 
LOCATION
 
PRIMARY UNIVERSITY SERVED
 
UNITS
 
BEDS
                     
On-campus participating properties:
                   
 
35. University Village—PVAMU
 
 
1996 / 97 / 98
 
 
Prairie View, TX
 
 
Prairie View A&M University
 
 
612
 
 
1,920
 
36. University College—PVAMU
 
 
2000 / 2003
 
 
Prairie View, TX
 
 
Prairie View A&M University
 
 
756
 
 
1,470
 
37. University Village—TAMIU
 
 
1997
 
 
Laredo, TX
 
 
Texas A&M International University
 
 
84
 
 
252
 
38. Cullen Oaks - Phase I and II
 
 
2001 / 2005
 
 
Houston, TX
 
 
The University of Houston
 
 
411
 
 
879
 
Total on-campus participating properties
 
 
1,863
 
 
4,521
                     
Total - all properties
             
7,373
 
22,854

(1)  
As of March 31, 2006, the average age of our operating properties was approximately 5.8 years.
 
(2)  
Construction was completed and property commenced operations in August 2005.
 
(3)  
Currently under development - scheduled to open for occupancy in August 2006.
 
(4)  
Currently under development - scheduled to complete construction in Summer 2007 and open for occupancy in Fall 2007. Pending approval from the City of Newark's Central Planning Board, the project's capacity can be increased to 838 beds without modifying the existing building area.
 


17





Results of Operations

Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and March 31, 2005

The following table presents our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, including the amount and percentage change in these results between the two periods:

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
         
   
2006
 
2005
 
Change ($)
 
Change (%)
 
Revenues:
                 
Owned off-campus properties
 
$
19,487
 
$
12,489
 
$
6,998
   
56.0
%
On-campus participating properties
   
5,982
   
5,493
   
489
   
8.9
%
Third party development services
   
1,638
   
645
   
993
   
154.0
%
Third party management services
   
662
   
710
   
(48
)
 
(6.8
%)
Resident services
   
320
   
204
   
116
   
56.9
%
Total revenues
   
28,089
   
19,541
   
8,548
   
43.7
%
                           
Operating Expenses:
                         
Owned off-campus properties
   
8,149
   
5,136
   
3,013
   
58.7
%
On-campus participating properties
   
1,950
   
1,875
   
75
   
4.0
%
Third party development and management services
   
1,638
   
1,464
   
174
   
11.9
%
General and administrative
   
1,587
   
1,364
   
223
   
16.3
%
Depreciation and amortization
   
5,275
   
3,424
   
1,851
   
54.1
%
Ground/facility leases
   
192
   
212
   
(20
)
 
(9.4
%)
Total operating expenses
   
18,791
   
13,475
   
5,316
   
39.5
%
                           
Operating income
   
9,298
   
6,066
   
3,232
   
53.3
%
                           
Nonoperating income and (expenses):
                         
Interest income
   
185
   
58
   
127
   
219.0
%
Interest expense
   
(5,336
)
 
(3,808
)
 
(1,528
)
 
40.1
%
Amortization of deferred financing costs
   
(355
)
 
(246
)
 
(109
)
 
44.3
%
Other nonoperating income
   
-
   
430
   
(430
)
 
(100.0
%)
Total nonoperating expenses
   
(5,506
)
 
(3,566
)
 
(1,940
)
 
54.4
%
                           
Income before income tax provision, minority interests, and discontinued operations
   
3,792
   
2,500
   
1,292
   
51.7
%
Income tax provision
   
-
   
(102
)
 
102
   
(100.0
%)
Minority interests
   
(128
)
 
(87
)
 
(41
)
 
47.1
%
Income from continuing operations
   
3,664
   
2,311
   
1,353
   
58.5
%
Discontinued operations:
                         
Loss attributable to discontinued operations
   
-
   
(2
)
 
2
   
(100.0
%)
Gain from disposition of real estate
   
-
   
5,883
   
(5,883
)
 
(100.0
%)
Total discontinued operations
   
-
   
5,881
   
(5,881
)
 
(100.0
%)
Net income
 
$
3,664
 
$
8,192
 
$
(4,528
)
 
(55.3
%)

        Owned Off-Campus Properties Operations

Revenues from our owned off-campus properties for the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared with the same period in 2005 increased by $7.0 million primarily due to the acquisition of the Royal Portfolio on March 1, 2006, the acquisition of seven properties during the first quarter of 2005 and the completion of construction and opening of University Village at Sweet Home in August 2005. Operating expenses increased approximately $3.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared with the same period in 2005, primarily due to the same factors which affected the increase in revenues.

New Property Operations. On March 1, 2006, we acquired the Royal Portfolio, which consists of 13 properties containing 5,745 beds located in Florida, Texas, Tennessee, Arizona and Kentucky. On various dates during the three months ended March 31, 2005, we acquired seven properties containing 3,118 beds located in Florida and Texas. In addition, in August 2005 we completed construction of and opened an 828-bed property serving the State University of New York - Buffalo. These new properties contributed $6.8 million of additional revenues and $3.0 million of additional operating expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2006 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2005.
 
18

 
Same Store Property Operations (Excluding New Property Activity). We had 11 properties containing 7,126 beds which were operating during both the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005. These properties produced revenues of $11.4 million and $11.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively, an increase of $0.4 million. This increase was primarily due to an increase in average rental rates during the three months ended March 31, 2006 as compared to the same period in 2005, as well as the improved lease up for the 2005/2006 academic year, which resulted in average occupancy rates increasing to 99.2% during the three months ended March 31, 2006 from 98.0% during the three months ended March 31, 2005. Revenues in 2006 will be dependent on our ability to maintain our current leases in effect for the 2005/2006 academic year and our ability to obtain appropriate rental rates and desired occupancy for the 2006/2007 academic year at our various properties during our leasing period, which typically begins in January and ends in August.

At these existing properties, operating expenses remained relatively constant at $4.3 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005. We anticipate that operating expenses for the full year 2006 will increase slightly as compared with 2005 as a result of expected increases in insurance costs, utility costs, property taxes and general inflation.
 
            On-Campus Participating Properties (“OCPP”) Operations

New Property Operations. In August 2005, we completed construction of and opened an additional phase of our Cullen Oaks property, consisting of 180 units and 354 beds. This additional phase contributed approximately $0.6 million of additional revenues and approximately $0.2 million of additional operating expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2006.

Same Store OCPP Operations. We had four participating properties containing 4,167 beds which were operating during both the three month periods ended March 31, 2006 and 2005. Revenues from our same store on-campus participating properties decreased to $5.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 from $5.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005, a decrease of $0.2 million. This decrease was primarily due to a decrease in average occupancy from 94.4% during the three months ended March 31, 2005 to 88.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2006. This decrease was slightly offset by an increase in average rental rates during the respective periods.

At these existing properties, operating expenses decreased by $0.1 million, from $1.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2005 to $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006. This decrease was primarily due to cost savings measures implemented to offset the decrease in average occupancy discussed above. We anticipate that operating expenses for the full year 2006 will increase slightly as compared with 2005 as a result of expected increases in insurance costs, utility costs and general inflation.
 
            Third Party Development Services Revenue

Third party development services revenue increased by $1.0 million from $0.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2005 to $1.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006. This increase was primarily due to more projects in progress as well as a higher average contractual fee per project during the three months ended March 31, 2006 as compared to the same period in 2005. In addition, of the total contract fees, a higher percentage of the contractual fees was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2006 as compared to the same period in 2005. We had seven projects in progress during the three months ended March 31, 2006 with an average contractual fee of approximately $1.6 million, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2005 in which we had four projects in progress with an average contractual fee of $1.4 million. Also, due to differences in the percentage of construction completed during the periods, of the total contractual fees of the projects in progress during the respective periods, approximately 14% of the total contractual fees was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2006, compared to approximately 11% for the three months ended March 31, 2005.

Development services revenues are dependent on our ability to successfully be awarded such projects, the amount of the contractual fee related to the project and the timing and completion of the construction of the project. In addition, to the extent projects are completed under budget, we may be entitled to a portion of such savings, which are recognized as revenue upon third party verification of the project costs. It is possible that projects for which we have expensed pre-development costs will not close and that we will not be reimbursed for such costs. The pre-development costs associated therewith will ordinarily be charged against income for the then-current period.
 
            Third Party Management Services Revenues

Third party management services revenues decreased by $48,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2006 as compared to the same period in 2005. This decrease was primarily the result of four management contracts which were discontinued, offset by the addition of two management contracts and improved fee income from the managed portfolio between the respective periods.

 
19

 
 
            Third Party Development and Management Services Expenses

Third party development and management services expenses increased by $0.2 million, from $1.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2005, to $1.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006. This increase was primarily due to additional employees hired to support an increase in the overall volume of opportunities we are experiencing in this segment. We anticipate that expenses in our third party development segment in 2006 will increase as compared to prior year levels due to this factor.
 
            Resident Services

Resident services revenue represents revenue earned by our TRS related to the provision of certain services to residents at our properties, such as food service, housekeeping, and resident programming activities. Revenue from resident services increased by $0.1 million, to $0.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006, as compared to $0.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2005. This increase was primarily due to additional revenue earned during the three months ended March 31, 2006 from the acquired properties discussed above. We anticipate that resident services revenues will continue to increase in 2006 as compared to 2005 as additional revenues are generated from the timing of acquisitions and the completion of construction properties placed in service.

General and Administrative

General and administrative expenses increased approximately $0.2 million, from $1.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2005, to $1.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006. This increase was primarily due to an increase in payroll and other related costs as a result of overall increases in corporate staffing levels due to recent growth in our owned off-campus portfolio from the property acquisitions completed in 2006 and 2005.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization increased by $1.9 million, from $3.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2005 to $5.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006. This increase was due to the acquisition of the Royal Portfolio on March 1, 2006, the acquisition of seven properties during the three months ended March 31, 2005, and the opening of one owned off-campus property and an additional phase at an on-campus participating property in August 2005. We expect depreciation and amortization in 2006 to increase significantly from 2005 levels primarily due to 2006 acquisitions and a full year of depreciation on properties acquired and placed into service in 2005.

Amortization of deferred financing costs increased $0.1 million, from $0.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2005, to $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006. This increase was primarily due to debt assumed or incurred in connection with the previously mentioned 2006 and 2005 property acquisitions. We expect amortization of deferred financing costs for the full year 2006 to increase from 2005 levels due to a full year of amortization related to debt assumed or incurred in connection with our previously mentioned property acquisitions.

Interest Income

Interest income increased by $0.1 million, from $0.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2005 to $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006. This increase was primarily due to interest earned during the three months ended March 31, 2006 on the remaining proceeds from our July 2005 equity offering prior to those funds being used for the acquisition of the Royal Portfolio.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased $1.5 million, from $3.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2005, to $5.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006. This increase was primarily due to additional interest incurred during the three months ended March 31 2006 associated with debt assumed or incurred in connection with the previously mentioned 2006 and 2005 property acquisitions, net of the amortization of debt premiums and discounts recorded to reflect the market value of debt assumed. In addition, we incurred additional interest expense during the three months ended March 31, 2006 related to the $67.0 million outstanding balance on our revolving credit facility, which was incurred to finance our acquisition of the Royal Portfolio on March 1, 2006. These increases were offset by a $0.2 million increase in capitalized interest as a result of two owned off-campus properties being under construction during the three months ended March 31, 2006 as compared to one property being under construction during the three months ended March 31, 2005. We anticipate that interest expense in 2006 will increase from 2005 levels due to interest expense assumed or incurred in connection with property acquisitions and expected increases in potential borrowing rates that may impact the floating rate on our credit facility.
 
 
20

 
            Other Nonoperating Income

Other non-operating income for the three months ended March 31, 2005 represents a gain of approximately $0.4 million related to insurance proceeds received for a fire that occurred at one of our owned off-campus properties in 2003.
 
            Income Tax Provision

Our TRS manages our non-REIT activities and is subject to federal, state and local income taxes. As such, our TRS is required to recognize the future tax benefits attributable to deductible temporary differences between book and tax basis, to the extent that the asset will be realized. An income tax provision of approximately $0.1 million was recorded by our TRS during the three months ended March 31, 2005 to better reflect our estimate of the realization of our deferred tax asset based on management’s estimate of future taxable income of our TRS. Management determined that no such provision was required for the three months ended March 31, 2006. The amount of income taxes to be recognized is dependent on the operating results of the TRS.

Minority Interests

Minority interests share of net income increased by $41,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2006 as compared to the same period in 2005. This increase was due to the issuance of Common Units and Series A Preferred Units in our Operating Partnership on March 1, 2006 in connection with our acquisition of the Royal Portfolio. See Note 7 in the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1 herein for a detailed discussion of Common Units and Series A Preferred Units.

Discontinued Operations

Our University Village at San Bernardino property was sold to Cal State University - San Bernardino in January 2005. The net operating loss attributable to this property and the resulting gain on disposition are included in discontinued operations for the three months ended March 31, 2005 in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.

Cash Flows

Comparison of Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and March 31, 2005
 
            Operating Activities

For the three months ended March 31, 2006, net cash provided by operating activities before changes in working capital accounts provided approximately $9.3 million, as compared to $6.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005, an increase of $3.2 million.  Changes in working capital accounts utilized approximately $3.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 while approximately $0.4 million was utilized by working capital for the three months ended March 31, 2005, an increase of $2.8 million. This increase in cash utilized by working capital accounts was primarily due to the timing of financial aid received from Prairie View A&M University and Texas A&M International University during the respective periods, as well as the timing of fees received related to our third party development projects. 
            
             Investing Activities

Investing activities utilized $84.1 million and $58.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. This increase related primarily to proceeds received from the sale of our University Village at San Bernardino property in January 2005 as well as an increase in cash used to fund the construction of owned off-campus development properties. During the three months ended March 31, 2006, two owned off-campus properties were under development while only one property was under development during the three months ended March 31, 2005, which was completed in Fall 2005. These increases were offset by capital expenditures incurred on an additional phase of an on-campus participating property that was under development during the three months ended March 31, 2005 and was completed in Fall 2005. For the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, our cash used in investing activities was comprised of the following:
 
21


 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
Property acquisitions
 
$
(69,241
)
$
(72,763
)
Property dispositions
   
-
   
28,023
 
Capital expenditures for on-campus participating properties
   
(49
)
 
(28
)
Capital expenditures for owned off-campus properties
   
(545
)
 
(852
)
Investments in on-campus participating properties under development
   
-
   
(3,027
)
Investment in owned off-campus properties under development
   
(14,139
)
 
(10,120
)
Purchase of corporate furniture, fixtures, and equipment
   
(139
)
 
(86
)
Total
 
$
(84,113
)
$
(58,853
)
 
 
            Financing Activities

Cash provided by financing activities totaled $64.4 million and $55.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The increase in cash provided by financing activities was the result of a $45.2 million increase in proceeds received from our revolving credit facility, which was used to fund the acquisition of the Royal Portfolio, and a $3.2 million increase in proceeds from construction loans used to fund our owned development properties. These increases were offset by the receipt of proceeds from a $37.4 million bridge loan during the three months ended March 31, 2005 and a $1.6 million increase in distributions to common and restricted stockholders as a result of the July 2005 equity offering.

Structure of On-campus Participating Properties

At our on-campus participating properties, the subject universities own both the land and improvements. We then have a leasehold interest under a ground/facility lease. Under the lease, we receive an annual distribution representing 50% of these properties’ net cash available for distribution after payment of operating expenses (which includes our management fees), debt service (which includes repayment of principal) and capital expenditures. We also manage these properties under multi-year management agreements and are paid a management fee representing 5% of receipts.

We do not have access to the cash flows and working capital of these participating properties except for the annual net cash distribution as described above. Additionally, a substantial portion of these properties’ cash flow is dedicated to capital reserves required under the applicable property indebtedness and to the amortization of such indebtedness. These amounts do not increase our economic interest in these properties since our interest, including our right to share in the net cash available for distribution from the properties, terminates upon the amortization of their indebtedness. Our economic interest in these properties is therefore limited to our interest in the net cash flow and management and development fees from these properties, as reflected in our calculation of Funds from Operations modified for the operational performance of on-campus participating properties (“FFOM”) contained herein. Accordingly, when considering these properties’ contribution to our operations, we focus upon our share of these properties’ net cash available for distribution and the management fees that we receive from these properties, rather than upon their contribution to our gross revenues and expenses for financial reporting purposes.


22


The following table reflects the amounts included in our consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005:

 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2006
 
2005
 
Revenues
$
5,982
 
$
5,493
 
Direct operating expenses (1)
 
(1,801
)
 
(1,724
)
Amortization
 
(1,032
)
 
(879
)
Amortization of deferred financing costs
 
(78
)
 
(46
)
Ground/facility leases (2)
 
(192
)
 
(212
)
Net operating income
 
2,879
   
2,632
 
Interest income
 
63
   
25
 
Interest expense (3) (4)
 
(1,587
)
 
(1,347
)
Net income
$
1,355
 
$
1,310
 
 
(1)  
Excludes property management fees of $0.3 million for both the three month periods ended March 31, 2006 and 2005. This expense and the corresponding fee revenue recognized by us have been eliminated in consolidation. Also excludes allocation of expenses related to corporate management and oversight.
 
(2)  
Represents the universities’ 50% share of the properties’ net cash available for distribution after payment of operating expenses, debt service (including payment of principal) and capital expenditures.
 
(3)  
Interest expense is net of approximately $23,000 of capitalized interest for the three months ended March 31, 2005, related to Cullen Oaks Phase II, a recently completed project that was an additional phase of the Cullen Oaks on-campus participating property.
 
(4)  
Debt service expenditures for these properties totaled $2.8 million and $2.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
        Cash Balances and Liquidity

As of March 31, 2006, excluding our on-campus participating properties, we had $14.8 million in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash as compared to $27.2 million in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash as of December 31, 2005. This decrease was primarily due to the use of the remaining proceeds from our July 2005 equity offering to fund the acquisition of the Royal Portfolio on March 1, 2006 and the construction of our owned development properties. Restricted cash primarily consists of escrow accounts held by lenders and resident security deposits, as required by law in certain states. Additionally, restricted cash as of March 31, 2006 also included $0.3 million of funds held in escrow in connection with potential property acquisitions.

As of March 31, 2006, our short-term liquidity needs included, but were not limited to, the following: (i) anticipated distribution payments to our common stockholders totaling approximately $23.4 million based on an anticipated annual distribution of $1.35 per share based on our current shares outstanding, including those required to maintain our REIT status and satisfy our current distribution policy, (ii) anticipated distribution payments to our unitholders totaling approximately $3.1 million based on an anticipated annual distribution of $1.35 per Common Unit and a cumulative preferential per annum cash distribution rate of 5.99% on our Series A Preferred Units, (iii) remaining development costs on our Village at Newark owned off-campus development project funded outside of the construction loan, estimated to be approximately $13.3 million, and (iv) funds for other potential future development projects, including remaining pre-development expenditures for the Arizona State University project which are estimated to range from $6.0 to $7.0 million. We expect to meet our short-term liquidity requirements generally through net cash provided by operations, borrowings under our revolving credit facility, and a shelf registration available in which we may offer up to $500 million of an indeterminate amount of debt securities, preferred stock, common stock and securities warrants.

We may seek additional funds to undertake initiatives not contemplated by our business plan or obtain additional cushion against possible shortfalls. We also may pursue additional financing as opportunities arise. Future financings may include a range of different sizes or types of financing, including the sale of additional debt or equity securities. While we believe we will be able to obtain such funds, these funds may not be available on favorable terms or at all. Our ability to obtain additional financing depends on several factors, including future market conditions, our success or lack of success in penetrating our markets, our future creditworthiness, and restrictions contained in agreements with our investors or lenders, including the restrictions contained in the agreements governing our revolving credit facility. These financings could increase our level of indebtedness or result in dilution to our equity holders.
 
 
23

 
Revolving Credit Facility

The Operating Partnership has a $100 million revolving credit facility, which may be expanded by up to an additional $100 million upon the satisfaction of certain conditions. The maturity date of the facility is August 2007 and we guarantee the Operating Partnership’s obligations under the facility.
 
Availability under the revolving credit facility is limited to an "aggregate borrowing base amount" equal to the lesser of (i) 65% of the value of certain properties, calculated as set forth in the credit facility, and (ii) the adjusted net operating income from these properties divided by a formula amount. The facility bears interest at a variable rate, at the Company’s option, based upon a base rate or one-, two-, three-, or six-month LIBOR plus, in each case, a spread based upon the Company’s total leverage. Additionally, the Company is required to pay an unused commitment fee ranging from 0.15% to 0.20% per annum, depending on the aggregate unused balance. As of March 31, 2006, the balance outstanding on the revolving credit facility totaled $67.0 million, bearing interest at a rate of 6.28%, with remaining availability under the facility (subject to certain financial covenants) totaling approximately $31.8 million.  Assuming that we choose to exercise our option to extend the capacity of the facility by another $100 million, remaining availability would be approximately $47.0 million as of March 31, 2006.

The terms of the facility include certain restrictions and covenants, which limit, among other items, the incurrence of additional indebtedness, liens, and the disposition of assets. The facility contains customary affirmative and negative covenants and also contains financial covenants that, among other things, require us to maintain certain minimum ratios of "EBITDA" (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) for interest expense and fixed charges. Before June 30, 2006, we may not pay distributions that exceed 100% of funds from operations for any four consecutive quarters. After June 30, 2006, we may not pay distributions that exceed 95% of funds from operations for any four consecutive quarters. The financial covenants also include consolidated net worth and leverage ratio tests. As of March 31, 2006, we were in compliance with all such covenants.

Distributions

We are required to distribute 90% of our REIT taxable income (excluding capital gains) on an annual basis in order to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, we intend to make, but are not contractually bound to make, regular quarterly distributions to common stockholders and Common Unitholders. All such distributions are at the discretion of the Board of Directors. We may be required to use borrowings under the credit facility, if necessary, to meet REIT distribution requirements and maintain our REIT status. The Board of Directors considers market factors and our Company’s performance in addition to REIT requirements in determining distribution levels.
 
      Pre-Development Expenditures

Our third party development activities have historically required us to fund pre-development expenditures such as architectural fees, permits and deposits. Because the closing of a development project’s financing is often subject to third party delay, we cannot always predict accurately the liquidity needs of these activities. We frequently incur these pre-development expenditures before a financing commitment has been obtained and, accordingly, bear the risk of the loss of these pre-development expenditures if financing cannot ultimately be arranged on acceptable terms. Historically, the development projects that we have been awarded have been successfully structured and financed; however, their development has at times been delayed beyond the period initially scheduled, causing revenue to be recognized in later periods. As of March 31, 2006, we have capitalized approximately $2.5 million in pre-development costs related to awarded projects that have not yet commenced construction.

Indebtedness

As of March 31, 2006, we had approximately $482.5 million of outstanding consolidated indebtedness (excluding unamortized debt premiums, net of discounts of approximately $7.1 million), comprised of a $67.0 million balance on our unsecured revolving credit facility, $324.2 million in mortgage and construction loans secured by 27 of our owned off-campus properties, $33.1 million in mortgage and construction loans secured by two phases of an on-campus participating property, and $58.2 million in bond issuances secured by three of our on-campus participating properties. The weighted average interest rate on our consolidated indebtedness as of March 31, 2006 was 6.58%. All of our outstanding indebtedness is fixed rate except for our revolving credit facility and the Callaway Villas and Cullen Oaks Phase II construction loans discussed below. As of March 31, 2006, approximately 18.2% of our total consolidated indebtedness was variable rate debt.
 
24


 
Owned Off-Campus Properties

The following table contains certain summary information concerning the mortgage and construction loan indebtedness that encumbers our owned off-campus properties, excluding unamortized debt premiums and discounts, as of March 31, 2006:

Asset
 
Original
Date
 
Interest
Rate
 
Maturity
Date
 
Balance as of
March 31, 2006
University Village at Boulder Creek
 
12/01/2002
 
5.71%
 
Nov 2012
 
$ 16,242
River Club Apartments
 
07/28/2000
 
8.18%
 
Aug 2010
 
18,288
River Walk Townhomes
 
08/31/1999
 
8.00%
 
Sep 2009
 
7,569
Village at Alafaya Club
 
07/11/2000
 
8.16%
 
Aug 2010
(1)
20,204
Village at Blacksburg
 
12/15/2000
 
7.50%
 
Jan 2011
 
21,038
Commons on Apache
 
05/14/1999
 
7.66%
 
Jun 2009
 
7,536
Callaway House
 
03/30/2001
 
7.10%
 
Apr 2011
 
19,417
University Club Tallahassee
 
11/01/2002
 
7.99%
 
Oct 2010
 
13,415
The Grove at University Club
 
04/01/2003
 
5.75%
 
Mar 2013
 
4,328
College Club Tallahassee
 
01/01/2003
 
6.74%
 
Dec 2011
 
8,781
University Club Gainesville
 
11/01/1999
 
7.88%
 
Nov 2009
 
8,402
City Parc at Fry Street
 
10/05/2004
 
5.96%
 
Sep 2014
 
11,614
The Estates
 
03/29/2005
 
5.13%
 
Jun 2015
 
38,365
Northgate Lakes
 
07/01/1999
 
7.00%
 
Jul 2009
 
11,302
Royal Oaks
 
07/01/1999
 
7.13%
 
Jul 2009
 
3,026
Royal Pavilion
 
07/01/1999
 
6.92%
 
Jul 2009
 
2,530
Royal Village Tallahassee
 
07/01/1999
 
6.83%
 
Jul 2009
 
3,403
Royal Village Gainesville
 
07/01/1999
 
6.87%
 
Jul 2009
 
6,197
Royal Lexington
 
07/01/1999
 
6.86%
 
Jul 2009
 
4,856
The Woods at Greenland
 
10/01/2002
 
5.69%
 
Oct 2012
 
6,209
Raider’s Crossing
 
12/01/2002
 
6.18%
 
Dec 2012
 
6,628
Entrada Real
 
11/01/2002
 
5.61%
 
Nov 2012
 
9,765
The Outpost - San Marcos
 
10/01/2003
 
5.74%
 
Oct 2013
 
13,742
The Outpost - San Antonio
 
10/01/2005
 
4.99%
 
Oct 2014
 
24,328
Raider’s Pass - Phase I
 
10/01/2002
 
5.91%
 
Oct 2012
 
15,793
Raider’s Pass - Phase II
 
10/01/2003
 
5.66%
 
Oct 2012
 
3,876
Aggie Station
 
10/01/2003
 
5.96%
 
Oct 2012
 
11,639
Callaway Villas (2)
 
07/08/2005
 
6.69%
 
Jul 2008
 
5,687
Total
             
$ 324,180

(1)  
Represents the Anticipated Repayment Date, as defined in the loan agreement. If the loan is not repaid on the Anticipated Repayment Date, then certain monthly payments including excess cash flow, as defined, become due through the maturity date of August 2030.
 
(2)  
We began making draws under this construction loan in January 2006. For each borrowing, we have the option of choosing Prime rate or one-, two-, three-, or six-month LIBOR plus 1.35%. The loan requires payments of interest only during the term of the loan and any accrued interest or outstanding borrowings become due on the maturity date.

The weighted average interest rate of such indebtedness was 6.53% as of March 31, 2006. Each of these mortgages is a non-recourse obligation subject to customary exceptions. Each of these mortgages has a 30 year amortization, and none are cross-defaulted or cross-collateralized to any other indebtedness. The loans generally may not be prepaid prior to maturity; in certain cases prepayment is allowed, subject to prepayment penalties.


25


On-Campus Participating Properties

Three of our on-campus participating properties are 100% financed with project-based taxable bonds, as listed below. Under the terms of these financings, one of our special purpose subsidiaries publicly issued three series of taxable bonds and loaned the proceeds to three special purpose subsidiaries that each hold a separate leasehold interest. Although a default in payment by these special purpose subsidiaries could result in a default under one or more series of bonds, the indebtedness of any of these special purpose subsidiaries is not cross-defaulted or cross-collateralized with indebtedness of the Company, the Operating Partnership or other special purpose subsidiaries. Repayment of principal and interest on these bonds is insured by MBIA, Inc. The loans encumbering the leasehold interests are non-recourse, subject to customary exceptions.

The following table sets forth certain information concerning these bond financings:

 
Asset
 
Original
Date
 
Original
Term
 
Maturity Date
 
Balance as of
March 31, 2006
 
University Village-PVAMU (1)
   
Sep 1999
   
24 years
   
Sep 2023
 
$
30,070
 
University College-PVAMU (Phase I) (2)
   
May 2001
   
22 years
   
Aug 2025
   
19,410
 
University College-PVAMU (Phase II) (2)
   
Jul 2003
   
25 years
   
Aug 2028
   
4,135
 
University Village-TAMIU (1)
   
Sep 1999
   
24 years
   
Sep 2023
   
4,600
 
Total
                   
$
58,215
 
 
 
(1)
Part of combined bond issuance. Separate loan agreements are not cross-collateralized or cross-defaulted
   
(2)
Multiple financings of single facility.
 
Cullen Oaks Phase I is currently encumbered by a mortgage loan originated in September 2000 in the original principal amount of approximately $17.7 million. The loan bears interest at the Prime rate, or LIBOR plus 1.9%, at our election with principal amortizing on a 30 year schedule. We have in place an interest rate swap agreement which effectively caps the interest on the outstanding balance as of March 31, 2006 of approximately $16.7 million at 5.5%. The loan matures in November 2008. Pursuant to the Leases, in the event the leasehold estate does not achieve Financial Break Even (defined as revenues less operating expenses, excluding management fees, less debt service), the applicable Lessor would be required to make a rental payment, also known as the Contingent Payment, sufficient to achieve Financial Break Even. The Contingent Payment provision remains in effect until such time as any financing placed on the facilities would receive an investment grade rating without the Contingent Payment provision. In the event that the Lessor is required to make a Contingent Payment, future net cash flow distributions would be first applied to repay such Contingent Payments and then to unpaid management fees prior to normal distributions Pursuant to the leases, in the event the leasehold estates do not. In turn, we have guaranteed payment of this property’s indebtedness. In addition, the construction of Cullen Oaks Phase II, which was completed in August 2005, was financed by a construction loan. The balance on this construction loan as of March 31, 2006 was approximately $16.4 million, bearing interest at a weighted average rate of 6.67%. The total availability under this construction loan is $17.0 million and the loan requires payments of interest only through June 2006, at which time we have the option to extend the maturity date to November 2008 and convert the loan to a 30-year amortization basis.

The weighted average interest rate of the indebtedness encumbering our on-campus participating properties was 6.94% at March 31, 2006.

Off Balance Sheet Items

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

26

 
Funds From Operations

As defined by NAREIT, FFO represents income (loss) before allocation to minority interests (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding gains (or losses) from sales of property, plus real estate related depreciation and amortization (excluding amortization of loan origination costs) and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures. We present FFO because we consider it an important supplemental measure of our operating performance and believe it is frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of REITs, many of which present FFO when reporting their results. FFO is intended to exclude GAAP historical cost depreciation and amortization of real estate and related assets, which assumes that the value of real estate diminishes ratably over time. Historically, however, real estate values have risen or fallen with market conditions. Because FFO excludes depreciation and amortization unique to real estate, gains and losses from property dispositions and extraordinary items, it provides a performance measure that, when compared year over year, reflects the impact to operations from trends in occupancy rates, rental rates, operating costs, development activities and interest costs, providing perspective not immediately apparent from net income.

We compute FFO in accordance with standards established by the Board of Governors of NAREIT in its March 1995 White Paper (as amended in November 1999 and April 2002), which may differ from the methodology for calculating FFO utilized by other equity REITs and, accordingly, may not be comparable to such other REITs. Further, FFO does not represent amounts available for management’s discretionary use because of needed capital replacement or expansion, debt service obligations or other commitments and uncertainties. FFO should not be considered as an alternative to net income (loss) (computed in accordance with GAAP) as an indicator of our financial performance or to cash flow from operating activities (computed in accordance with GAAP) as an indicator of our liquidity, nor is it indicative of funds available to fund our cash needs, including our ability to pay dividends or make distributions.

The following table presents a reconciliation of our FFO to our net income:

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
Net income
 
$
3,664
 
$
8,192
 
Minority interests
   
128
   
87
 
Gain from disposition of real estate
   
-
   
(5,883
)
Real estate related depreciation and amortization:
             
Total depreciation and amortization
   
5,275
   
3,424
 
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment depreciation
   
(120
)
 
(98
)
Funds from operations
 
$
8,947
 
$
5,722
 
               
FFO per share - diluted
 
$
0.49
 
$
0.45
 
               
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted
   
18,176,189
   
12,769,939
 

While our on-campus participating properties contributed $6.0 million and $5.5 to our revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively, under our participating ground leases, we and the participating university systems each receive 50% of the properties’ net cash available for distribution after payment of operating expenses, debt service (which includes significant amounts towards repayment of principal) and capital expenditures. A substantial portion of our revenues attributable to these properties is reflective of cash that is required to be used for capital expenditures and for the amortization of applicable property indebtedness. These amounts do not increase our economic interest in these properties or otherwise benefit us since our interest in the properties terminates upon the repayment of the applicable property indebtedness.

As noted above, FFO excludes GAAP historical cost depreciation and amortization of real estate and related assets because these GAAP items assume that the value of real estate diminishes over time. However, unlike the ownership of our owned off-campus properties, the unique features of our ownership interest in our on-campus participating properties cause the value of these properties to diminish over time. For example, since the ground/facility leases under which we operate the participating properties require the reinvestment from operations of specified amounts for capital expenditures and for the repayment of debt while our interest in these properties terminates upon the repayment of the debt, such capital expenditures do not increase the value of the property to us and mortgage debt amortization only increases the equity of the ground lessor. Accordingly, when considering our FFO, we believe it is also a meaningful measure of our performance to modify FFO to exclude the operations of our on-campus participating properties and to consider their impact on performance by including only that portion of our revenues from those properties that are reflective of our share of net cash flow and the management fees that we receive, both of which increase and decrease with the operating measure of the properties, a measure referred to herein as FFOM.


27


Funds From Operations—Modified for Operational Performance of On-Campus Participating Properties:

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
Funds from operations
 
$
8,947
 
$
5,722
 
Elimination of operations of on-campus participating properties:
             
Net income from on-campus participating properties
   
(1,355
)
 
(1,310
)
Amortization of investment in on-campus participating properties
   
(1,032
)
 
(879
)
     
6,560
   
3,533
 
Modifications to reflect operational performance of on-campus
participating properties:
             
Our share of net cash flow (1)
   
192
   
212
 
Management fees
   
278
   
263
 
On-campus participating properties development fees (2)
   
-
   
230
 
Impact of on-campus participating properties
   
470
   
705
 
Funds from operations - modified for operational performance of
on-campus participating properties (“FFOM”)
 
$
7,030
 
$
4,238
 
               
FFOM per share - diluted
 
$
0.39
 
$
0.33
 
               
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted
   
18,176,189
   
12,769,939
 

 
(1)
50% of the properties’ net cash available for distribution after payment of operating expenses, debt service (including repayment of principal) and capital expenditures. Represents amounts accrued for the interim periods.
 
 
(2)
Development and construction management fees, including construction savings earned under the general construction contract, related to the Cullen Oaks Phase II on-campus participating property, which was completed in August 2005.

This narrower measure of performance measures our profitability for these properties in a manner that is similar to the measure of our profitability from our services business where we similarly incur no initial or ongoing capital investment in a property and derive only consequential benefits from capital expenditures and debt amortization. We believe, however, that this narrower measure of performance is inappropriate in traditional real estate ownership structures where debt amortization and capital expenditures enhance the property owner’s long-term profitability from its investment.

Our FFOM may have limitations as an analytical tool because it reflects the unique contractual calculation of net cash flow from our on-campus participating properties, which is different from that of our off campus owned properties. Additionally, FFOM reflects features of our ownership interests in our on-campus participating properties that are unique to us. Companies that are considered to be in our industry may not have similar ownership structures; and therefore those companies may not calculate a FFOM in the same manner that we do, or at all, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure. We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on our GAAP and FFO results and using our modified FFO only supplementally.

Inflation

Our leases do not typically provide for rent escalations. However, they typically do not have terms that extend beyond 12 months. Accordingly, although on a short term basis we would be required to bear the impact of rising costs resulting from inflation, we have the opportunity to raise rental rates at least annually to offset such rising costs. However, a weak economic environment or declining student enrollment at our principal universities may limit our ability to raise rental rates.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market risk is the risk of loss from adverse changes in market prices and interest rates. Our future earnings and cash flows are dependent upon prevailing market rates. Accordingly, we manage our market risk by matching projected cash inflows from operating, investing and financing activities with projected cash outflows for debt service, acquisitions, capital expenditures, distributions to stockholders and unitholders, and other cash requirements. The majority of our outstanding debt has fixed interest rates, which minimizes the risk of fluctuating interest rates. Our exposure to market risk includes interest rate fluctuations in connection with our revolving credit facility and variable rate construction loans and our ability to incur more debt without stockholder approval, thereby increasing our debt service obligations, which could adversely affect our cash flows.  No material changes have occurred in relation to market risk since our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005.
 
28

 
Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As required by SEC Rule 13a-15(b), we have carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the quarter covered by this report. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures for the quarter covered by this report were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
 
There has been no change in our internal controls over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.




29





PART II.   OTHER INFORMATION

Item 6. Exhibits

 

Exhibit
Number
 

Description of Document
31.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
31.2
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
32.1
 
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U. S. C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
32.2
 
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
 
 
30


SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Dated:
May 10, 2006



               
AMERICAN CAMPUS COMMUNITIES, INC.
 
 
 
 
 
 
               
By:
/s/ William C. Bayless, Jr.
 
 
 
                   
 
William C. Bayless, Jr.
President and Chief Executive Officer
                   
 
 
 
 
 
               
By:
/s/ Brian B. Nickel
 
 
 
                   
 
Brian B. Nickel
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary
                   
 
 
 
 
 
               
By:
/s/ Jonathan A. Graf
 
 
 
                   
 
Jonathan A. Graf
Senior Vice President,
Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer

31