second_quarter2008form10-q.htm
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
[X] QUARTERLY
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
For
the quarterly period ended June 30, 2008
OR
[ ] TRANSITION
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
For
the transition period from ______ to ______
Commission file number
0-24531
CoStar
Group, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as
specified in its charter)
Delaware
|
|
52-2091509
|
(State
or other jurisdiction ofincorporation
or organization)
|
|
(I.R.S.
EmployerIdentification
No.)
|
2 Bethesda Metro Center,
10th Floor
Bethesda, Maryland
20814
(Address
of principal executive offices) (zip code)
(301) 215-8300
(Registrant’s
telephone number, including area code)
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to
be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to
such filing requirements for the past
90 days. Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting
company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,”
“accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Large
accelerated filer x
|
Accelerated
filer o
|
Non-accelerated
filer o
|
Smaller
reporting company o
|
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [ ] No [X]
As of
July 21, 2008, there were 19,602,476 shares of the registrant’s common
stock outstanding.
COSTAR
GROUP, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART
I
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FINANCIAL
INFORMATION
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Item 1.
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3
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3
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4
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5
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6
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Item 2.
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16
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Item 3.
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27
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Item 4.
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28
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PART II
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OTHER
INFORMATION
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Item 1.
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29
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Item 1A.
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29
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Item 2.
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30
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Item 3.
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30
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Item 4.
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30
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Item 5.
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31
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Item 6.
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31
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32
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Item
1.
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Financial
Statements
|
COSTAR
GROUP, INC.
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in
thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three
Months Ended
|
|
|
Six
Months Ended
|
|
|
|
June
30,
|
|
|
June
30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues
|
|
$ |
53,478 |
|
|
$ |
47,794 |
|
|
$ |
105,742 |
|
|
$ |
92,625 |
|
Cost
of
revenues
|
|
|
18,341 |
|
|
|
19,318 |
|
|
|
38,062 |
|
|
|
37,144 |
|
Gross
margin
|
|
|
35,137 |
|
|
|
28,476 |
|
|
|
67,680 |
|
|
|
55,481 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling
and
marketing
|
|
|
12,121 |
|
|
|
14,662 |
|
|
|
22,994 |
|
|
|
27,828 |
|
Software
development
|
|
|
3,141 |
|
|
|
3,270 |
|
|
|
6,555 |
|
|
|
6,340 |
|
General
and
administrative
|
|
|
10,099 |
|
|
|
9,089 |
|
|
|
19,904 |
|
|
|
17,152 |
|
Purchase
amortization
|
|
|
1,266 |
|
|
|
1,209 |
|
|
|
2,487 |
|
|
|
2,479 |
|
|
|
|
26,627 |
|
|
|
28,230 |
|
|
|
51,940 |
|
|
|
53,799 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from
operations
|
|
|
8,510 |
|
|
|
246 |
|
|
|
15,740 |
|
|
|
1,682 |
|
Interest
and other income,
net
|
|
|
1,243 |
|
|
|
1,891 |
|
|
|
3,181 |
|
|
|
3,753 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
before income
taxes
|
|
|
9,753 |
|
|
|
2,137 |
|
|
|
18,921 |
|
|
|
5,435 |
|
Income
tax expense,
net
|
|
|
4,318 |
|
|
|
962 |
|
|
|
8,444 |
|
|
|
2,446 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
|
$ |
5,435 |
|
|
$ |
1,175 |
|
|
$ |
10,477 |
|
|
$ |
2,989 |
|
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|
|
|
|
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|
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Net
income per share ¾
basic
|
|
$ |
0.28 |
|
|
$ |
0.06 |
|
|
$ |
0.54 |
|
|
$ |
0.16 |
|
Net
income per share ¾
diluted
|
|
$ |
0.28 |
|
|
$ |
0.06 |
|
|
$ |
0.54 |
|
|
$ |
0.15 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
Weighted
average outstanding shares ¾
basic
|
|
|
19,311 |
|
|
|
18,952 |
|
|
|
19,280 |
|
|
|
18,928 |
|
Weighted
average outstanding shares ¾
diluted
|
|
|
19,508 |
|
|
|
19,348 |
|
|
|
19,470 |
|
|
|
19,284 |
|
See
accompanying notes.
COSTAR
GROUP, INC.
(in
thousands)
|
|
June
30,
|
|
|
December
31,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
ASSETS
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
Current
assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
|
$ |
102,500 |
|
|
$ |
57,785 |
|
Short-term
investments
|
|
|
64,884 |
|
|
|
129,641 |
|
Accounts
receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of
approximately $3,921 and $2,959 as
of June 30, 2008 and
December 31, 2007,
respectively
|
|
|
12,570 |
|
|
|
10,875 |
|
Deferred
income taxes, net
|
|
|
4,551 |
|
|
|
2,716 |
|
Prepaid
expenses and other current assets
|
|
|
2,717 |
|
|
|
4,661 |
|
Total
current assets
|
|
|
187,222 |
|
|
|
205,678 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term
investments
|
|
|
30,878 |
|
|
|
¾ |
|
Deferred
income taxes, net
|
|
|
1,706 |
|
|
|
2,233 |
|
Property
and equipment, net
|
|
|
21,286 |
|
|
|
24,045 |
|
Goodwill
|
|
|
62,942 |
|
|
|
61,854 |
|
Intangibles
and other assets, net
|
|
|
23,872 |
|
|
|
25,711 |
|
Deposits
and other assets
|
|
|
1,597 |
|
|
|
2,322 |
|
Total
assets
|
|
$ |
329,503 |
|
|
$ |
321,843 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES
AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts
payable
|
|
$ |
1,754 |
|
|
$ |
3,299 |
|
Accrued
wages and commissions
|
|
|
4,957 |
|
|
|
7,489 |
|
Accrued
expenses and deferred rent
|
|
|
11,478 |
|
|
|
16,884 |
|
Deferred
revenue
|
|
|
11,361 |
|
|
|
10,374 |
|
Income
taxes payable
|
|
|
4,372 |
|
|
|
191 |
|
Total
current liabilities
|
|
|
33,922 |
|
|
|
38,237 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred
income taxes, net
|
|
|
405 |
|
|
|
1,801 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
stockholders’ equity
|
|
|
295,176 |
|
|
|
281,805 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
liabilities and stockholders’ equity
|
|
$ |
329,503 |
|
|
$ |
321,843 |
|
See
accompanying notes.
COSTAR
GROUP, INC.
(in
thousands)
(unaudited)
|
|
Six
Months Ended
June
30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
Operating
activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
|
$ |
10,477 |
|
|
$ |
2,989 |
|
Adjustments
to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating
activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
4,303 |
|
|
|
3,615 |
|
Amortization
|
|
|
4,313 |
|
|
|
3,976 |
|
Stock-based
compensation expense
|
|
|
2,429 |
|
|
|
3,062 |
|
Deferred
income tax expense, net
|
|
|
1,677 |
|
|
|
2,446 |
|
Provision
for losses on accounts receivable
|
|
|
1,962 |
|
|
|
929 |
|
Changes
in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions
|
|
|
(9,325 |
) |
|
|
(233 |
) |
Net
cash provided by operating activities
|
|
|
15,836 |
|
|
|
16,784 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investing
activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases
of investments
|
|
|
(4,133 |
) |
|
|
(64,583 |
) |
Sales
of investments
|
|
|
35,786 |
|
|
|
66,431 |
|
Purchases
of property and equipment and other assets
|
|
|
(2,422 |
) |
|
|
(4,927 |
) |
Acquisition,
net of cash acquired
|
|
|
(3,024 |
) |
|
|
(16,737 |
) |
Net
cash provided by (used in) investing activities
|
|
|
26,207 |
|
|
|
(19,816 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financing
activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds
from exercise of stock options
|
|
|
2,771 |
|
|
|
1,212 |
|
Net
cash provided by financing activities
|
|
|
2,771 |
|
|
|
1,212 |
|
Effect
of foreign currency exchange rates on cash and cash
equivalents
|
|
|
(99 |
) |
|
|
95 |
|
Net
increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
44,715 |
|
|
|
(1,725 |
) |
Cash
and cash equivalents at the beginning of period
|
|
|
57,785 |
|
|
|
38,159 |
|
Cash
and cash equivalents at the end of period
|
|
$ |
102,500 |
|
|
$ |
36,434 |
|
See
accompanying notes.
COSTAR
GROUP, INC.
CoStar
Group, Inc. (the “Company”) has created a comprehensive, proprietary database of
commercial real estate information covering the United States, as well as parts
of the United Kingdom and France. Based on its unique database, the Company
provides information services to the commercial real estate and related business
community and operates within two segments, U.S. and International. The
Company’s information/marketing services are typically distributed to its
clients under subscription-based license agreements, which typically have a
minimum term of one year and renew automatically.
2.
|
SUMMARY
OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
|
Basis
of Presentation
The
consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its
wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and
transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Accounting policies are
consistent for each operating segment.
Interim
Financial Statements
The
accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the
Company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles (“GAAP”) in the United States of America for interim financial
information. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the financial
statements reflect all adjustments necessary to present fairly the Company’s
financial position at June 30, 2008, and the results of its operations and its
cash flows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. These
adjustments are of a normal recurring nature.
Certain
notes and other information have been condensed or omitted from the interim
financial statements presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Therefore, these financial statements should be read in conjunction with the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2007.
The
results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 are not
necessarily indicative of future financial results.
Use
of Estimates
The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management
to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the
financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from
those estimates.
Reclassifications
Certain
previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to the Company’s
current presentation.
Foreign
Currency Translation
The
Company’s functional currency in its foreign locations is the local currency.
Assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars as of the balance sheet
date. Revenues, expenses, gains and losses are translated at the average
exchange rates in effect during each period. Gains and losses resulting from
translation are included in accumulated other comprehensive income. Net gains or
losses resulting from foreign currency exchange transactions are included in the
consolidated statements of operations. There were no material gains or losses
from foreign currency exchange transactions for the three and six months ended
June 30, 2008 and 2007.
COSTAR
GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) —
(CONTINUED)
2.
|
SUMMARY
OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES —
(CONTINUED)
|
Comprehensive
Income
The
components of comprehensive income were as follows (in thousands):
|
Six
Months Ended
June
30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
Net
income
|
|
$ |
10,477 |
|
|
$ |
2,989 |
|
Foreign
currency translation
adjustment
|
|
|
(75 |
) |
|
|
1,048 |
|
Net
unrealized loss on investments, net of tax
|
|
|
(2,223 |
) |
|
|
(100 |
) |
Comprehensive
income
|
|
$ |
8,179 |
|
|
$ |
3,937 |
|
The
components of accumulated other comprehensive income were as follows (in
thousands):
|
|
June
30,
2008
|
|
|
December
31,
2007
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign
currency translation adjustment
|
|
$ |
5,465 |
|
|
$ |
5,540 |
|
Accumulated
net unrealized (loss) gain on investments, net of tax
|
|
|
(2,137 |
) |
|
|
86 |
|
Total
accumulated other comprehensive income
|
|
$ |
3,328 |
|
|
$ |
5,626 |
|
Net
Income Per Share
Net
income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average
number of common shares outstanding during the period on a basic and diluted
basis. The Company’s potentially dilutive securities include stock options and
restricted stock. Diluted net income per share considers the impact of
potentially dilutive securities except in periods in which there is a net loss,
as the inclusion of the potentially dilutive common shares would have an
anti-dilutive effect.
COSTAR
GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) —
(CONTINUED)
2.
|
SUMMARY
OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES —
(CONTINUED)
|
Net Income Per Share ¾ (CONTINUED)
The
following table sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted net income per
share (in thousands, except per share data):
|
|
Three
Months Ended
June
30,
|
|
|
Six
Months Ended
June
30,
|
|
Numerator:
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
Net
income
|
|
$ |
5,435 |
|
|
$ |
1,175 |
|
|
$ |
10,477 |
|
|
$ |
2,989 |
|
Denominator:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator
for basic net income per share ¾ weighted-average
outstanding shares
|
|
|
19,311 |
|
|
|
18,952 |
|
|
|
19,280 |
|
|
|
18,928 |
|
Effect
of dilutive securities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stock
options and restricted stock
|
|
|
197 |
|
|
|
396 |
|
|
|
190 |
|
|
|
356 |
|
Denominator
for diluted net income per share ¾ weighted-average
outstanding shares
|
|
|
19,508 |
|
|
|
19,348 |
|
|
|
19,470 |
|
|
|
19,284 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income per share ¾
basic
|
|
$ |
0.28 |
|
|
$ |
0.06 |
|
|
$ |
0.54 |
|
|
$ |
0.16 |
|
Net
income per share ¾
diluted
|
|
$ |
0.28 |
|
|
$ |
0.06 |
|
|
$ |
0.54 |
|
|
$ |
0.15 |
|
Stock-Based
Compensation
The
Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123R “Share Based Payment” (“SFAS
123R”), which addresses the accounting for share based payment transactions in
which the Company receives employee services in exchange for equity instruments.
The statement generally requires that equity instruments issued in such
transactions be accounted for using a fair value based method and the fair value
of such equity instruments be recognized as expenses in the consolidated
statements of operations.
Stock-based
compensation expense for stock options and restricted stock included in the
Company’s results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008
and 2007, was as follows (in thousands):
|
|
Three
Months Ended
|
|
|
Six
Months Ended
|
|
|
|
June
30,
|
|
|
June
30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
Cost
of revenues
|
|
$ |
121 |
|
|
$ |
262 |
|
|
$ |
283 |
|
|
$ |
516 |
|
Selling
and marketing
|
|
|
205 |
|
|
|
290 |
|
|
|
385 |
|
|
|
669 |
|
Software
development
|
|
|
111 |
|
|
|
99 |
|
|
|
235 |
|
|
|
194 |
|
General
and administrative
|
|
|
749 |
|
|
|
882 |
|
|
|
1,526 |
|
|
|
1,683 |
|
Total
|
|
$ |
1,186 |
|
|
$ |
1,533 |
|
|
$ |
2,429 |
|
|
$ |
3,062 |
|
COSTAR
GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) —
(CONTINUED)
2.
|
SUMMARY
OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES —
(CONTINUED)
|
Recent
Accounting Pronouncements
In
September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS
No. 157, “Fair Value
Measurements” (“SFAS 157”), which defines fair value, establishes a
framework for measuring fair value in accordance with GAAP and expands
disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 does not require any
new fair value measurements under GAAP and is effective for fiscal years
beginning after November 15, 2007. In February 2008, the FASB issued
FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) 157-2, “Partial Deferral of the Effective
Date of Statement 157”, (“FSP 157-2”), which delays the effective date of
SFAS 157 to January 1, 2009 for all non-financial assets and non-financial
liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the
consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis (at least
annually). Effective January 1, 2008, the Company adopted the portion
of SFAS 157 that was not deferred under FSP 157-2. The adoption of
SFAS 157 did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations
or financial position. The Company is currently assessing the impact
on its results of operations and financial position for the adoption of the
portion of SFAS 157 that was deferred under FSP 157-2.
In
February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “Fair Value Option for Financial
Assets and Financial Liabilities — Including an amendment of FASB Statement
No. 115” (“SFAS 159”), which permits entities to choose to measure
many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value that are not
currently required to be measured at fair value. SFAS 159 is effective for
fiscal years beginning on or after December 31, 2007. The Company adopted SFAS
159 on January 1, 2008 and has elected not to apply the fair value option to any
of its financial instruments. The adoption of SFAS 159 did not have a
material impact on the Company’s results of operations or financial
position.
In
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (Revised 2007), “Business Combinations”
(“SFAS 141R”), which will change the accounting for any business combination the
Company enters into with an acquisition date after December 31, 2008. Under SFAS
141R, an acquiring entity will be required to recognize all the assets acquired
and liabilities assumed in a transaction at the acquisition date fair value with
limited exceptions. SFAS 141R will change the accounting treatment and
disclosure for certain specific items in a business combination. SFAS 141R
will have an impact on accounting for business combinations once adopted, but
its effect will depend upon the specifics of any business combination with an
acquisition date subsequent to December 31, 2008.
In
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in
Consolidated Financial Statements—An Amendment of ARB No. 51” (“SFAS
160”), which establishes new accounting and reporting standards for the
non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a
subsidiary. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after
December 15, 2008. The adoption of SFAS 160 is not expected to have a
material impact on the Company’s results of operations or financial
position.
In April
2008, the FASB issued FSP SFAS 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of
Intangible Assets” (“FSP 142-3”), which is effective for all fiscal years
and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008. Early adoption of FSP
142-3 is not permitted. FSP 142-3 requires additional footnote disclosures about
the impact of the Company’s ability or intent to renew or extend agreements
related to existing intangibles or expected future cash flows from those
intangibles, how the Company accounts for costs incurred to renew or extend such
agreements, the time until the next renewal or extension period by asset class,
and the amount of renewal or extension costs capitalized, if any. For any
intangibles acquired after December 31, 2008, FSP 142-3 requires that the
Company consider its experience regarding renewal and extensions of similar
arrangements in determining the useful life of such intangibles. If the Company
does not have experience with similar arrangements, FSP 142-3 requires that the
Company use the assumptions of a market participant putting the intangible to
its highest and best use in determining the useful life. The Company is
currently assessing the impact of FSP 142-3 on its results of operations and
financial position.
COSTAR
GROUP, INC.
NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) —
(CONTINUED)
2.
|
SUMMARY
OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES —
(CONTINUED)
|
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
¾ (CONTINUED)
In May
2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted
Accounting Principles” (“SFAS 162”), which identifies the sources of
accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used
in the preparation of financial statements. SFAS 162 is effective sixty days
following the Security and Exchange Commission’s approval of Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board Auditing amendments to AU Section 411, “The Meaning of Present Fairly in
Conformity With Generally Accepted Accounting Principles”. The adoption
of SFAS 162 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s results
of operations or financial position.
On
February 16, 2007, CoStar Limited, a wholly owned U.K. subsidiary of the
Company, acquired all of the outstanding capital stock of Property Investment
Exchange Limited (“Propex”) for approximately $22.0 million, consisting of
cash, deferred consideration of approximately $2.9 million, and
21,526 shares of CoStar common stock. Propex provides web-based commercial
property information and operates an electronic platform that facilitates the
exchange of investment property in the U.K. Propex’s suite of electronic
platforms and listing websites gives users access to the U.K. commercial
property investment and leasing markets.
The
Propex acquisition was accounted for using purchase accounting. The purchase
price for the acquisition was primarily allocated to customer base, trade name,
and goodwill. The acquired customer base, which consists of one distinct
intangible asset and is composed of acquired customer contracts and the related
customer relationships, is being amortized on a 125% declining balance method
over ten years. The Propex acquired trade name is being amortized on a
straight-line basis over three years. The Company recorded goodwill of
approximately $15.0 million related to the Propex acquisition. Goodwill is not
amortized, but is subject to annual impairment tests. The results of operations
of Propex have been consolidated with those of the Company since the date of the
acquisition and are not considered material to the consolidated financial
statements of the Company. Accordingly, pro forma financial information has not
been presented for the acquisition.
On April
1, 2008, the Company acquired certain assets of First CLS, Inc. (doing business
as the Dorey Companies and DoreyPRO), an Atlanta-based provider of local
commercial real estate information for $3.0 million in initial cash
consideration and deferred consideration payable within approximately six months
of the one-year anniversary of closing. The First CLS, Inc. acquisition was
accounted for using purchase accounting. The purchase price for the acquisition
was primarily allocated to customer base. The acquired customer base, which
consists of one distinct intangible asset and is composed of acquired customer
contracts and the related customer relationships, is being amortized on a 125%
declining balance method over ten years. The results of operations of First CLS,
Inc. have been consolidated with those of the Company since the date of the
acquisition and are not considered material to the consolidated financial
statements of the Company. Accordingly, pro forma financial information has not
been presented for the acquisition.
In
September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements”
(“SFAS 157”), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring
fair value in accordance with GAAP and expands disclosures about fair value
measurements. The Company adopted the provisions of SFAS 157 as of January
1, 2008 for financial instruments. Although the adoption of SFAS 157
did not materially impact its financial position, results of operations, or cash
flow, the Company is now required to provide additional disclosures as part of
its financial statements.
COSTAR
GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) —
(CONTINUED)
4.
|
FAIR
VALUE — (CONTINUED)
|
SFAS 157
establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which categorizes the inputs used
in measuring fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as
observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; Level 2, defined as
inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or
indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which
little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its
own assumptions.
In
accordance with SFAS 157, the following table represents the Company's fair
value hierarchy for its financial assets (cash, cash equivalents and
investments) measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2008 (in
thousands):
|
|
Level
1
|
|
|
Level
2
|
|
|
Level
3
|
|
|
Total
|
|
Cash
|
|
$ |
6,294 |
|
|
$ |
¾ |
|
|
$ |
¾ |
|
|
$ |
6,294 |
|
Money
market
funds
|
|
|
73,817 |
|
|
|
¾ |
|
|
|
¾ |
|
|
|
73,817 |
|
Treasuries
|
|
|
22,389 |
|
|
|
¾ |
|
|
|
¾ |
|
|
|
22,389 |
|
Auction
rate securities
|
|
|
¾ |
|
|
|
¾ |
|
|
|
30,878 |
|
|
|
30,878 |
|
Government-sponsored
enterprise obligations
|
|
|
12,784 |
|
|
|
¾ |
|
|
|
¾ |
|
|
|
12,784 |
|
Corporate
debt securities
|
|
|
¾ |
|
|
|
52,100 |
|
|
|
¾ |
|
|
|
52,100 |
|
Total
|
|
$ |
115,284 |
|
|
$ |
52,100 |
|
|
$ |
30,878 |
|
|
$ |
198,262 |
|
The
Company’s Level 2 assets consist of corporate debt securities, which do not have
directly observable quoted prices in active markets. The Company’s
corporate debt securities are valued using matrix pricing, which is an
acceptable practical expedient under SFAS 157 for inputs.
The
Company’s Level 3 assets consist of variable rate debt instruments with an
auction reset feature (“auction rate securities” or “ARS”) whose underlying
assets are primarily student loan securities supported by guarantees from the
Federal Family Education Loan Program (“FFELP”) of the U.S. Department of
Education.
The
following table presents the Company’s Level 3 assets measured at fair value on
a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs as defined in SFAS 157,
as of June 30, 2008 (in thousands):
|
|
Auction
Rate
Securities
|
|
Balance
at December 31, 2007
|
$ |
53,975 |
|
Unrealized
loss included in other comprehensive income
|
|
|
(2,200 |
) |
Net
settlements
|
|
|
(20,897 |
) |
Balance
at June 30, 2008 (unaudited)
|
|
$ |
30,878 |
|
ARS are
variable rate debt instruments whose interest rates are reset approximately
every 28 days. The underlying securities have contractual maturities
greater than twenty years. The ARS are recorded at fair
value. Typically, the carrying value of ARS approximates fair value
due to frequent resetting of the interest rates. As of June 30, 2008,
the Company held ARS with $33.1 million par value, all of which failed to
settle at auctions. These investments are of high credit quality with
AAA credit ratings and are primarily student loan securities supported by
guarantees from the FFELP of the U.S. Department of
Education. The Company may not be able to liquidate and fully recover
the carrying value of the ARS in the near term. As a result, these
securities are classified as long-term investments in the Company’s condensed
consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2008.
COSTAR
GROUP, INC.
NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) —
(CONTINUED)
4.
|
FAIR
VALUE — (CONTINUED)
|
While the
Company continues to earn interest on its ARS investments at the maximum
contractual rate, these investments are not currently trading and therefore do
not currently have a readily determinable market value. Accordingly,
the estimated fair value of the ARS no longer approximates par
value. The Company has used a discounted cash flow model to determine
the estimated fair value of its investment in ARS as of June 30,
2008. The assumptions used in preparing the discounted cash flow
model include estimates for interest rates, timing and amount of cash flows and
expected holding periods of the ARS. Based on this assessment of fair
value, as of June 30, 2008, the Company determined there was a decline in the
fair value of its ARS investments of approximately $2.2 million. The
decline was deemed to be a temporary impairment and recorded as an unrealized
loss in other comprehensive income in stockholders’ equity. In
addition, while all of the ARS are currently rated AAA, if the issuers are
unable to successfully close future auctions and their credit ratings
deteriorate, the Company may be required to record additional unrealized losses
in other comprehensive income or an other-than-temporary impairment charge to
earnings on these investments.
The
changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by operating segment consist of the
following (in thousands):
|
|
United
States
|
|
|
International
|
|
|
Total
|
|
Goodwill,
December 31, 2006
|
|
$ |
30,428 |
|
|
$ |
16,069 |
|
|
$ |
46,497 |
|
Acquisitions
|
|
|
¾ |
|
|
|
14,806 |
|
|
|
14,806 |
|
Effect
of foreign currency translation
|
|
|
¾ |
|
|
|
551 |
|
|
|
551 |
|
Goodwill,
December 31, 2007
|
|
|
30,428 |
|
|
|
31,426 |
|
|
|
61,854 |
|
Acquisitions
|
|
|
1,118 |
|
|
|
¾ |
|
|
|
1,118 |
|
Effect
of foreign currency translation
|
|
|
¾ |
|
|
|
(30 |
) |
|
|
(30 |
) |
Goodwill,
June 30, 2008 (unaudited)
|
|
$ |
31,546 |
|
|
$ |
31,396 |
|
|
$ |
62,942 |
|
The Company recorded goodwill of
approximately $1.1 million for the First CLS, Inc. acquisition in April
2008.
COSTAR
GROUP, INC.
NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) —
(CONTINUED)
6.
|
INTANGIBLES
AND OTHER ASSETS
|
Intangibles
and other assets consist of the following (in thousands, except amortization
period data):
|
|
June
30,
2008
|
|
|
December
31,
2007
|
|
|
Weighted-
Average Amortization Period (in years)
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Building
photography
|
|
$ |
11,304 |
|
|
$ |
10,799 |
|
|
|
5
|
|
Accumulated
amortization
|
|
|
(7,346 |
) |
|
|
(6,708 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Building
photography, net
|
|
|
3,958 |
|
|
|
4,091 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acquired
database technology
|
|
|
21,387 |
|
|
|
21,390 |
|
|
|
4
|
|
Accumulated
amortization
|
|
|
(20,764 |
) |
|
|
(20,573 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Acquired
database technology, net
|
|
|
623 |
|
|
|
817 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acquired
customer base
|
|
|
52,875 |
|
|
|
50,891 |
|
|
|
10
|
|
Accumulated
amortization
|
|
|
(36,864 |
) |
|
|
(34,374 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Acquired
customer base, net
|
|
|
16,011 |
|
|
|
16,517 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acquired
trade names and other
|
|
|
9,085 |
|
|
|
9,089 |
|
|
|
6
|
|
Accumulated
amortization
|
|
|
(5,805 |
) |
|
|
(4,803 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Acquired
trade names and other, net
|
|
|
3,280 |
|
|
|
4,286 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intangibles
and other assets, net
|
|
$ |
23,872 |
|
|
$ |
25,711 |
|
|
|
|
|
The
income tax provision for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, reflects
an effective tax rate of approximately 45%. The Company establishes a valuation
allowance with respect to deferred tax assets associated with future tax
benefits that the Company is not certain it will be able to realize. As of June
30, 2008, the Company continues to maintain a valuation allowance of
approximately $63,000 for certain state net operating loss
carryforwards.
8.
|
COMMITMENTS
AND CONTINGENCIES
|
Currently,
and from time to time, the Company is involved in litigation incidental to the
conduct of its business. The Company is not a party to any lawsuit or
proceeding that, in the opinion of management, is likely to have a material
adverse effect on its financial position or results of
operations.
COSTAR
GROUP, INC.
NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) —
(CONTINUED)
Due to
the increased size, complexity, and funding requirements associated with the
Company’s international expansion, in 2007 the Company began to manage the
business geographically in two operating segments, with the primary areas of
measurement and decision-making being the U.S. and International, which includes
the U.K. and France. The Company’s subscription-based information services,
consisting primarily of CoStar Property Professional, CoStar Tenant, CoStar
COMPS Professional, and FOCUS services, currently generate approximately 95% of
the Company’s total revenues. CoStar Property Professional, CoStar Tenant, and
CoStar COMPS Professional are generally sold as a suite of similar services and
comprise the Company’s primary service offering in the U.S. operating
segment. FOCUS is the Company’s primary service offering in the
International operating segment. Management relies on an
internal management reporting process that provides revenue and segment EBITDA,
which is the Company’s net income before interest, income taxes, depreciation
and amortization. Management believes that segment EBITDA is an appropriate
measure for evaluating the operational performance of our
segments. EBITDA is used by management to internally measure
operating and management performance and to evaluate the performance of the
business. However, this measure should be considered in addition to, not as a
substitute for or superior to, income from operations or other measures of
financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP.
Summarized
information by segment was as follows (in thousands):
|
|
Three
Months Ended
|
|
|
Six
Months Ended
|
|
|
|
June
30,
|
|
|
June
30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
Revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United
States
|
|
$ |
47,459 |
|
|
$ |
41,881 |
|
|
$ |
93,862 |
|
|
$ |
82,062 |
|
International
|
|
|
6,019 |
|
|
|
5,913 |
|
|
|
11,880 |
|
|
|
10,563 |
|
Total
revenues
|
|
$ |
53,478 |
|
|
$ |
47,794 |
|
|
$ |
105,742 |
|
|
$ |
92,625 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EBITDA
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United
States
|
|
$ |
13,762 |
|
|
$ |
5,754 |
|
|
$ |
26,332 |
|
|
$ |
11,604 |
|
International
|
|
|
(918 |
) |
|
|
(1,527 |
) |
|
|
(1,976 |
) |
|
|
(2,331 |
) |
Total
EBITDA
|
|
$ |
12,844 |
|
|
$ |
4,227 |
|
|
$ |
24,356 |
|
|
$ |
9,273 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconciliation
of EBITDA to net income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EBITDA
|
|
$ |
12,844 |
|
|
$ |
4,227 |
|
|
$ |
24,356 |
|
|
$ |
9,273 |
|
Purchase
amortization in cost of revenues
|
|
|
(604 |
) |
|
|
(623 |
) |
|
|
(1,187 |
) |
|
|
(948 |
) |
Purchase
amortization in operating expenses
|
|
|
(1,266 |
) |
|
|
(1,209 |
) |
|
|
(2,487 |
) |
|
|
(2,479 |
) |
Depreciation
and other amortization
|
|
|
(2,464 |
) |
|
|
(2,149 |
) |
|
|
(4,942 |
) |
|
|
(4,164 |
) |
Interest
income, net
|
|
|
1,243 |
|
|
|
1,891 |
|
|
|
3,181 |
|
|
|
3,753 |
|
Income
tax expense, net
|
|
|
(4,318 |
) |
|
|
(962 |
) |
|
|
(8,444 |
) |
|
|
(2,446 |
) |
Net
income
|
|
$ |
5,435 |
|
|
$ |
1,175 |
|
|
$ |
10,477 |
|
|
$ |
2,989 |
|
International
EBITDA includes a corporate allocation of approximately $285,000 and $975,000
for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and $610,000
and $1.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
The corporate allocation represents costs incurred for U.S. employees involved
in management and expansion activities of the Company’s international
segment.
COSTAR
GROUP, INC.
NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) —
(CONTINUED)
9.
|
SEGMENT
REPORTING — (CONTINUED)
|
Summarized
information by segment consist of the following (in thousands):
|
|
June
30,
|
|
|
December
31,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
Property
and equipment, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United
States
|
|
$ |
16,169 |
|
|
$ |
18,162 |
|
International
|
|
|
5,117 |
|
|
|
5,883 |
|
Total
property and equipment, net
|
|
$ |
21,286 |
|
|
$ |
24,045 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Goodwill
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United
States
|
|
$ |
31,546 |
|
|
$ |
30,428 |
|
International
|
|
|
31,396 |
|
|
|
31,426 |
|
Total
segment goodwill
|
|
$ |
62,942 |
|
|
$ |
61,854 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United
States
|
|
$ |
327,088 |
|
|
$ |
308,373 |
|
International
|
|
|
62,998 |
|
|
|
72,659 |
|
Total
segment assets
|
|
$ |
390,086 |
|
|
$ |
381,032 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconciliation
of segment assets to total assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
segment assets
|
|
$ |
390,086
|
|
|
$ |
381,032 |
|
Investment
in subsidiaries
|
|
|
(18,343 |
) |
|
|
(18,343 |
) |
Intercompany
receivables
|
|
|
(42,240 |
) |
|
|
(40,846 |
) |
Total
assets
|
|
$ |
329,503 |
|
|
$ |
321,843 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United
States
|
|
$ |
23,212 |
|
|
$ |
21,581 |
|
International
|
|
|
55,047 |
|
|
|
61,025 |
|
Total
segment liabilities
|
|
$ |
78,259 |
|
|
$ |
82,606 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconciliation
of segment liabilities to total liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
segment liabilities
|
|
$ |
78,259 |
|
|
$ |
82,606 |
|
Intercompany
payables
|
|
|
(43,932 |
) |
|
|
(42,568 |
) |
Total
liabilities
|
|
$ |
34,327 |
|
|
$ |
40,038 |
|
The
following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations contains “forward-looking statements,” including
statements about our beliefs and expectations. See “Cautionary Statement
Concerning Forward-Looking Statements” at the end of this Item 2. for additional
factors relating to such statements, and see “Risk Factors” in Item 1A. of Part
II of this Report for a discussion of certain risk factors applicable to our
business, financial condition and results of operations.
The
following discussion should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on
Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and other
filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission and the condensed
consolidated financial statements and related notes included in this Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q.
Overview
CoStar
Group, Inc. (“CoStar”) is the leading provider of information/marketing services
to the commercial real estate industry in the U.S. and the U.K. based on the
fact that we offer the most comprehensive commercial real estate information
database available, have the largest research department in the industry,
provide more information and marketing services than any of our competitors and
believe we generate more revenues than any of our competitors. We have created a
standardized information platform where the members of the commercial real
estate and related business community can continuously interact and facilitate
transactions by efficiently exchanging accurate and standardized commercial real
estate information. Our integrated suite of online service offerings includes
information about space available for lease, comparable sales information,
tenant information, information about properties for sale, internet marketing
services, information for clients' websites, information about industry
professionals and their business relationships, analytic information, data
integration, property marketing and industry news. Our service offerings span
all commercial property types ¾ office, industrial,
retail, land, mixed-use, hospitality and multifamily.
Since
1994, we have expanded the geographical coverage of our existing information
services and developed new information services. In addition to internal growth,
this expansion included the acquisitions of Chicago ReSource, Inc. in Chicago in
1996 and New Market Systems, Inc. in San Francisco in 1997. In August 1998,
we expanded into the Houston region through the acquisition of Houston-based
real estate information provider C Data Services, Inc. In January 1999, we
expanded further into the Midwest and Florida by acquiring LeaseTrend, Inc. and
into Atlanta and Dallas/Fort Worth by acquiring Jamison Research, Inc. In
February 2000, we acquired COMPS.COM, Inc., a San Diego-based provider of
commercial real estate information. In November 2000, we acquired First Image
Technologies, Inc., a California-based provider of commercial real estate
software. In September 2002, we expanded further into Portland, Oregon through
the acquisition of certain assets of Napier Realty Advisors (doing business as
REAL-NET). In January 2003, we established a base in the U.K. with our
acquisition of London-based FOCUS Information Limited. In May 2004, we expanded
into Tennessee through the acquisition of Peer Market Research, Inc., and in
September 2004, we extended our coverage of the U.K. through the acquisition of
Scottish Property Network. In September 2004, we strengthened our position in
Denver, Colorado through the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of
RealComp, Inc., a local comparable sales information provider.
In
January 2005, we acquired National Research Bureau, a Connecticut-based leading
provider of U.S. shopping center information. In December 2006, our U.K.
subsidiary, CoStar Limited, acquired Grecam S.A.S. (“Grecam”), a provider of
commercial property information and market-level surveys, studies and consulting
services located in Paris, France. In February 2007, CoStar Limited also
acquired Property Investment Exchange Limited (“Propex”), a provider of
web-based commercial property information and operator of an electronic platform
that facilitates the exchange of investment property located in London, England.
On April 1, 2008, we acquired the assets of First CLS, Inc. (doing business as
the Dorey Companies and DoreyPRO), an Atlanta-based provider of local commercial
real estate information. The most recent acquisitions are discussed later in
this section under the heading “Recent Acquisitions.”
In 2004,
we began our expansion into 21 new metropolitan markets throughout the U.S., as
well as expanding the geographical coverage of many of our existing U.S. and
U.K. markets. We completed our expansion into the 21 new markets in the first
quarter of 2006.
In early
2005, we announced the launch of a major effort to expand our coverage of retail
real estate information. The new retail component of our flagship product,
CoStar Property Professional®,
was unveiled in May 2006 at the International Council of Shopping Centers’
convention in Las Vegas.
During
the second half of 2006, we began actively researching commercial properties in
81 new Core Based Statistical Areas (“CBSAs”) in the U.S., increased our U.S.
field research fleet by adding 89 vehicles and hired researchers to staff these
vehicles. In March 2007, we signed a long-term lease for a new research facility
in White Marsh, Maryland, in support of our expanded research efforts and hired
and trained additional researchers and other personnel. We released our CoStar
Property Professional service in the 81 new CBSAs across the U.S. in
the fourth quarter of 2007 in an effort to further expand the geographical
coverage of our service offerings, including our retail service.
In
connection with our acquisitions of Propex and Grecam, we are continuing to
expand the coverage of our service offerings within the U.K., and integrate our
international operations more fully with those in the U.S. We intend to
eventually introduce a consistent international platform of service offerings.
Further in 2007, we introduced the CoStar Group as the “brand” encompassing our
international operations.
To cost
effectively manage the growth of our international operations, we opened a
research operations center in Glasgow, Scotland in 2007, rather than expand our
operations in London. During the third quarter of 2007, we took steps to
consolidate and streamline our international operations. As a result of these
steps, certain management and staff positions in the U.K. were made redundant,
which reduced certain costs and the amount of office space required in London.
Effective December 19, 2007, CoStar UK Limited assigned its lease interest in
our Mayfair office in exchange for a payment of $7.6 million, net of expenses.
We consolidated our London offices in Mayfair and Sheen into one facility in
central London. We have gained operational efficiencies as a result of
consolidating a majority of our U.K. research operations in one location in
Glasgow and combining the majority of our remaining U.K. operations in one
central location in London.
We
believe that our recent U.S. and international expansion and integration efforts
have created a platform for earnings growth and will generate additional revenue
now that the related costs have stabilized. In fact, our first six months of
2008 results reflect growth in earnings as a result of these investments in our
business, and we expect revenues to continue to grow over what is now a
relatively fixed cost base for our research operations.
Although
we do not currently plan to initiate new significant investments during 2008, we
expect to continue to develop and distribute new services, expand existing
services within our current platform, consider strategic acquisitions and expand
and develop our sales and marketing organization. For instance, in May 2008, we
released CoStar Showcase®,
an internet marketing service that provides commercial real estate professionals
the opportunity to make their listings accessible to all visitors to our public
website, www.CoStar.com. In addition, in April 2008, as described above we
acquired the online commercial real estate information assets of First CLS, Inc.
(doing business as the Dorey Companies and DoreyPRO). Any future expansion could
reduce our profitability and increase our capital expenditures. Therefore, while
we expect current service offerings to remain profitable, driving overall
earnings growth throughout 2008 and providing substantial cash flow for our
business, it is possible that any new investments could cause us to generate
losses and negative cash flow from operations in the future.
We
believe we are well positioned to generate continued, sustained earnings growth
through the end of 2008. We expect 2008 revenue to continue to grow
over 2007 revenue as a result of further penetration of our services in our
potential customer base across our platform, successful cross selling of our
services to our existing customers, the release of new services, continued depth
of coverage and acquisitions. We expect that 2008 EBITDA, which is our net
income before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, will
increase over 2007 based on the growth in EBITDA from U.S. operations. We
anticipate that our EBITDA for our existing core U.S. platform will continue to
grow principally due to growth in revenue.
Our
subscription-based information services, consisting primarily of CoStar Property
Professional, CoStar Tenant, CoStar COMPS Professional, and FOCUS services,
currently generate approximately 95% of our total revenues. CoStar Property
Professional, CoStar Tenant, and CoStar COMPS Professional are generally sold as
a suite of similar services and comprise our primary service offering in our
U.S. operating segment. FOCUS is our primary service offering in our
International operating segment. Our contracts for our
subscription-based information services typically have a minimum term of one
year and renew automatically, unless the customer submits written notice of its
intent not to renew 60 days prior to the contract’s expiration date. Upon
renewal, many of the subscription contract rates may increase in accordance with
contract provisions or as a result of contract renegotiations. To encourage
clients to use our services regularly, we generally charge a fixed monthly
amount for our subscription-based services rather than fees based on actual
system usage. Contract rates are based on the number of sites, number of users,
organization size, the client’s business focus, geography and the number of
services to which a client subscribes. Our subscription clients generally pay
contract fees on a monthly basis, but in some cases may pay us on a quarterly or
annual basis. We recognize this revenue on a straight-line basis over the life
of the contract. Annual and quarterly advance payments result in deferred
revenue, substantially reducing the working capital requirements generated by
accounts receivable.
For the
twelve months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, our contract renewal rates were over
90%.
Application
of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The
preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the United States of
America, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the
reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets
and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and revenues and
expenses during the period reported. The following accounting policies involve a
“critical accounting estimate” because they are particularly dependent on
estimates and assumptions made by management about matters that are highly
uncertain at the time the accounting estimates are made. In addition, while we
have used our best estimates based on facts and circumstances available to us at
the time, different estimates reasonably could have been used in the current
period. Changes in the accounting estimates we use are reasonably likely to
occur from period to period, which may have a material impact on the
presentation of our financial condition and results of operations. We review
these estimates and assumptions periodically and reflect the effects of
revisions in the period that they are determined to be necessary.
Valuation
of Long-Lived and Intangible Assets and Goodwill
We assess
the impairment of long-lived assets, identifiable intangibles and goodwill
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may
not be recoverable. Judgments made by management relate to the expected useful
lives of long-lived assets and our ability to realize any undiscounted cash
flows of the carrying amounts of such assets and are affected by the factors
listed below:
|
•
|
Significant
underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating
results;
|
|
•
|
Significant
changes in the manner of our use of the acquired assets or the strategy
for our overall business;
|
|
•
|
Significant
negative industry or economic trends;
or
|
|
•
|
Significant
decline in our market capitalization relative to net book value for a
sustained period.
|
When we
determine that the carrying value of long-lived and identifiable intangible
assets may not be recovered based upon the existence of one or more of the above
indicators, we measure any impairment based on a projected discounted cash flow
method using a discount rate determined by our management to be commensurate
with the risk inherent in our current business model.
Goodwill
and identifiable intangible assets not subject to amortization are tested
annually by reporting unit on October 1st of each
year for impairment and are tested for impairment more frequently based upon the
existence of one or more of the above indicators. We measure any impairment loss
to the extent that the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair
value. We consider our operating segments, U.S. and International, as
our reporting units under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”)
No. 142 for consideration of potential impairment of
goodwill.
Accounting
for Income Taxes
As part
of the process of preparing our consolidated financial statements, we are
required to estimate our income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we
operate. This process requires us to estimate our actual current tax exposure
and assess the temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of
items, such as deferred revenue or deductibility of certain intangible assets,
for tax and accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets
and liabilities, which are included within our consolidated balance sheets. We
must then also assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be
recovered from future taxable income, and, to the extent we believe that it is
more likely than not that some portion or all of our deferred tax assets will
not be realized, we must establish a valuation allowance. To the
extent we establish a valuation allowance or change the allowance in a period,
we must reflect the corresponding increase or decrease within the tax provision
in the statements of operations.
As of
December 31, 2007, we had net operating loss carryforwards for federal income
tax purposes of approximately $14.9 million, which we expect to use during
2008. We expect to make cash payments for taxes during 2008 of
approximately $12.0 to $13.0 million because our U.S. taxable income will no
longer be fully absorbed by carryforward losses.
Our U.K.
operations are expected to generate net operating losses for the full year
2008. Losses in the U.K. will generate a lower tax benefit than if
the costs were incurred in the U.S., thereby creating a higher effective tax
rate in 2008.
In
determining the quarterly provision for income taxes, we use an estimated annual
effective tax rate based on expected annual income by jurisdiction, statutory
tax rates, permanent timing differences, and tax planning opportunities
available in the various jurisdictions in which we operate.
Non-GAAP
Financial Measure
We
prepare and publicly release quarterly unaudited financial statements prepared
in accordance with GAAP. We also disclose and discuss certain non-GAAP financial
measures in our public releases. Currently, the non-GAAP financial measure that
we disclose is EBITDA, which is our net income (loss) before interest, income
taxes, depreciation and amortization. We disclose EBITDA on a consolidated and
an operating segment basis in our earnings releases, investor conference calls
and filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The non-GAAP financial
measures that we use may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported
by other companies. Also, in the future, we may disclose different non-GAAP
financial measures in order to help our investors more meaningfully evaluate and
compare our future results of operations to our previously reported results of
operations.
We view
EBITDA as an operating performance measure and as such we believe that the GAAP
financial measure most directly comparable to it is net income (loss). In
calculating EBITDA, we exclude from net income (loss) the financial items that
we believe should be separately identified to provide additional analysis of the
financial components of the day-to-day operation of our business. We have
outlined below the type and scope of these exclusions and the material
limitations on the use of the non-GAAP financial measures as a result of these
exclusions. EBITDA is not a measurement of financial performance under GAAP and
should not be considered as a measure of liquidity, as an alternative to net
income (loss) or as an indicator of any other measure of performance derived in
accordance with GAAP. Investors and potential investors in our securities should
not rely on EBITDA as a substitute for any GAAP financial measure, including net
income (loss). In addition, we urge investors and potential investors in our
securities to carefully review the reconciliation of EBITDA to net income (loss)
set forth below, in our earnings releases and in other filings with the
Securities and Exchange Commission and to carefully review the GAAP financial
information included as part of our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and our
Annual Reports on Form 10-K that are filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, as well as our quarterly earnings releases, and compare the GAAP
financial information with our EBITDA.
EBITDA is
used by management to internally measure our operating and management
performance and by investors as a supplemental financial measure to evaluate the
performance of our business that, when viewed with our GAAP results and the
accompanying reconciliation, we believe provides additional information that is
useful to gain an understanding of the factors and trends affecting our
business. We have spent more than 20 years building our database of
commercial real estate information and expanding our markets and services
partially through acquisitions of complementary businesses. Due to the expansion
of our information services, which included acquisitions, our net income (loss)
has included significant charges for purchase amortization, depreciation and
other amortization. EBITDA excludes these charges and provides meaningful
information about the operating performance of our business, apart from charges
for purchase amortization, depreciation and other amortization. We believe the
disclosure of EBITDA helps investors meaningfully evaluate and compare our
performance from quarter to quarter and from year to year. We also believe
EBITDA is a measure of our ongoing operating performance because the isolation
of non-cash charges, such as amortization and depreciation, and non-operating
items, such as interest and income taxes, provides additional information about
our cost structure, and, over time, helps track our operating progress. In
addition, investors, securities analysts and others have regularly relied on
EBITDA to provide a financial measure by which to compare our operating
performance against that of other companies in our industry.
Set forth
below are descriptions of the financial items that have been excluded from our
net income (loss) to calculate EBITDA and the material limitations associated
with using this non-GAAP financial measure as compared to net income
(loss):
|
·
|
Purchase
amortization in cost of revenues may be useful for investors to consider
because it represents the use of our acquired database technology, which
is one of the sources of information for our database of commercial real
estate information. We do not believe these charges necessarily reflect
the current and ongoing cash charges related to our operating cost
structure.
|
|
·
|
Purchase
amortization in operating expenses may be useful for investors to consider
because it represents the estimated attrition of our acquired customer
base and the diminishing value of any acquired trade names. We do not
believe these charges necessarily reflect the current and ongoing cash
charges related to our operating cost
structure.
|
|
·
|
Depreciation
and other amortization may be useful for investors to consider because
they generally represent the wear and tear on our property and equipment
used in our operations. We do not believe these charges necessarily
reflect the current and ongoing cash charges related to our operating cost
structure.
|
|
·
|
The
amount of net interest income we generate may be useful for investors to
consider and may result in current cash inflows or outflows. However, we
do not consider the amount of net interest income to be a representative
component of the day-to-day operating performance of our
business.
|
|
·
|
Income
tax expense (benefit) may be useful for investors to consider because
it generally represents the taxes which may be payable for the period and
the change in deferred income taxes during the period and may reduce the
amount of funds otherwise available for use in our
business. However, we do not consider the amount of income tax
expense (benefit) to be a representative component of the day-to-day
operating performance of our
business.
|
Management
compensates for the above-described limitations of using non-GAAP measures by
using a non-GAAP measure only to supplement our GAAP results and to provide
additional information that is useful to gain an understanding of the factors
and trends affecting our business.
The
following table shows our EBITDA reconciled to our net income and our cash flows
from operating, investing and financing activities for the indicated periods (in
thousands):
|
Three
Months Ended
June
30,
|
Six
Months Ended
June
30,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
$
|
5,435
|
|
$
|
1,175
|
|
$
|
10,477
|
|
$
|
2,989
|
|
Purchase
amortization in cost of revenues
|
|
604
|
|
|
623
|
|
|
1,187
|
|
|
948
|
|
Purchase
amortization in operating expenses
|
|
1,266
|
|
|
1,209
|
|
|
2,487
|
|
|
2,479
|
|
Depreciation
and other amortization
|
|
2,464
|
|
|
2,149
|
|
|
4,942
|
|
|
4,164
|
|
Interest
income, net
|
|
(1,243
|
)
|
|
(1,891
|
)
|
|
(3,181
|
)
|
|
(3,753
|
) |
Income
tax expense, net
|
|
4,318
|
|
|
962
|
|
|
8,444
|
|
|
2,446
|
|
EBITDA
|
$
|
12,844
|
|
$
|
4,227
|
|
$
|
24,356
|
|
$
|
9,273
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
flows provided by (used in)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
activities
|
$
|
7,754
|
|
$
|
5,641
|
|
$
|
15,836
|
|
$
|
16,784
|
|
Investing
activities
|
|
(2,286
|
)
|
|
(13,341
|
)
|
|
26,207
|
|
|
(19,816
|
) |
Financing
activities
|
|
2,359
|
|
|
850
|
|
|
2,771
|
|
|
1,212
|
|
Comparison
of Three Months Ended June 30, 2008 and Three Months Ended June 30,
2007
Revenues. Revenues increased
to $53.5 million in the second quarter of 2008 from $47.8 million in the second
quarter of 2007. This increase in revenue is due to further penetration of our
subscription-based information services, and successful cross-selling of our
services to our customers in existing markets, combined with continued high
renewal rates. Our subscription-based information services, consisting primarily
of CoStar Property Professional, CoStar Tenant, CoStar COMPS Professional and
FOCUS, currently generate approximately 95% of our total revenues.
Gross Margin. Gross margin
increased to $35.1 million in the second quarter of 2008 from $28.5 million in
the second quarter of 2007. The gross margin percentage increased to 65.7% in
the second quarter of 2008 from 59.6% in the second quarter of 2007. The
increase in gross margin amount and percentage was principally due to the
increase in revenues coupled with a decrease in the cost of
revenues. Cost of revenues decreased to $18.3 million for the second
quarter of 2008 from $19.3 million for the second quarter of 2007. The decrease
in cost of revenues was principally due to our reduction in research department
hiring and training costs incurred in connection with our expansion in 2007 of
approximately $600,000 that were not incurred in 2008. Additionally
in 2008, cost of revenues decreased by approximately $400,000 due to a reduction
in outsourcing costs.
Selling and Marketing
Expenses. Selling and marketing expenses decreased to $12.1 million in
the second quarter of 2008 from $14.7 million in the second quarter of 2007, and
decreased as a percentage of revenues to 22.7% in the second quarter of 2008
from 30.7% in the second quarter of 2007. The decrease in the amount of selling
and marketing expenses is primarily due to decreased personnel costs. The
decrease in personnel costs is primarily due to the fact that the sales force
sold services with a smaller average price point in the second quarter of 2008,
which resulted in lower average contract values compared to the second quarter
of 2007.
Software Development
Expenses. Software development expenses remained relatively consistent at
$3.1 million in the second quarter of 2008 and $3.3 million in the second
quarter of 2007, and decreased as a percentage of revenues to 5.9% in the second
quarter of 2008 from 6.8% in the second quarter of 2007. The decrease
in the percentage was due to increased revenues in 2008.
General and Administrative
Expenses. General and administrative expenses increased to $10.1 million
in the second quarter of 2008 from $9.1 million in the second quarter of
2007 and decreased as a percentage of revenues to 18.9% in the second quarter of
2008 compared to 19.0% in the second quarter of 2007. The increase in the amount
includes an increase in legal fees of approximately $500,000 and an increase in
bad debt expense of approximately $600,000.
Purchase Amortization.
Purchase amortization remained relatively consistent at $1.3 million in the
second quarter of 2008 and $1.2 million in the second quarter of 2007, and
remained relatively consistent as a percentage of revenues at 2.4% in the second
quarter of 2008 and 2.5% in the second quarter of 2007.
Interest and Other Income,
Net. Interest and other income, net decreased to $1.2 million in the
second quarter of 2008 from $1.9 million in the second quarter of
2007. Although, cash and cash equivalents, short-term and long-term
investments were higher in the second quarter of 2008 than in the second quarter
of 2007, our other income decreased due to lower average interest rates in the
second quarter of 2008 compared to the second quarter of 2007.
Income Tax Expense,
Net. Income tax expense, net increased to $4.3 million in the
second quarter of 2008 from $1.0 million in the second quarter of 2007. This
increase was due to higher income before income taxes as a result of our growth
in profitability.
Comparison
of Business Segment Results for Three Months Ended June 30, 2008 and Three
Months Ended June 30, 2007
Due to
the increased size, complexity, and funding requirements associated with our
international expansion, in 2007 we began to manage our business geographically
in two operating segments, with our primary areas of measurement and
decision-making being the U.S. and International, which includes the U.K. and
France. Management relies on an internal management reporting process
that provides revenue and segment EBITDA, which is our net income before
interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. Management
believes that segment EBITDA is an appropriate measure for evaluating the
operational performance of our segments. EBITDA is used by management
to internally measure our operating and management performance and to evaluate
the performance of our business. However, this measure should be considered in
addition to, not as a substitute for, or superior to, income from operations or
other measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with
GAAP.
Segment Revenues. CoStar Property
Professional, CoStar Tenant, and CoStar COMPS Professional are generally sold as
a suite of similar services and comprise our primary service offering in our
U.S. operating segment. U.S. revenues increased to $47.5 million in
the second quarter of 2008 from $41.9 million in the second quarter of
2007. This increase in U.S. revenue is due to further penetration of
our U.S. subscription-based information services and the successful
cross-selling of our services to our customers in existing markets, combined
with continued high renewal rates. FOCUS is our primary service offering in our
International operating segment. International revenues
increased to $6.0 million in the second quarter of 2008 from $5.9 million in the
second quarter of 2007. This increase in international revenue is principally a
result of further penetration of our subscription-based information
services.
Segment EBITDA. U.S. EBITDA
increased to $13.8 million in the second quarter of 2008 from $5.8 million in
the second quarter of 2007. The increase in U.S. EBITDA was due to increased
revenue and lower sales personnel costs, partially offset by an increase in
legal fees and bad debt expense. International EBITDA decreased to a loss of
$918,000 in the second quarter of 2008 from a loss of $1.5 million in the second
quarter of 2007. This decreased loss is due to our lower corporate allocation to
our international segment. International EBITDA includes a corporate allocation
of approximately $285,000 and $975,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2008
and 2007, respectively. The corporate allocation represents costs incurred for
U.S. employees involved in international management and expansion
activities.
Comparison
of Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 and Six Months Ended June 30,
2007
Revenues. Revenues increased
to $105.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008, from $92.6 million for
the six months ended June 30, 2007. This increase in revenue is due to further
penetration of our subscription-based information services, and successful
cross-selling of our services to our customers in existing markets, combined
with continued high renewal rates.
Gross Margin. Gross margin
increased to $67.7 million for the six months ended in June 30, 2008, from $55.5
million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. Gross margin percentage
increased to 64.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2008, from 59.9% for the
six months ended June 30, 2007. The increase in the gross margin amount and
percentage resulted principally from internal revenue growth from our
subscription-based information services, slightly offset by an increase in cost
of revenues. The increase in cost of revenues to $38.1 million for the six
months ended June 30, 2008, from $37.1 million for the six months ended June 30,
2007, principally resulted from increased international research personnel costs
of approximately $1.4 million, associated with our international operations in
2008. This increase is partially offset by approximately $700,000 due to our
reduction in research department hiring and training costs incurred with our
U.S. expansion in 2007 that were not incurred in 2008.
Selling and Marketing
Expenses. Selling and marketing expenses decreased to $23.0 million for
the six months ended June 30, 2008, from $27.8 million for the six months ended
June 30, 2007, and decreased as a percentage of revenues to 21.7% for the six
months ended June 30, 2008, from 30.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2007.
The decrease is mostly due to a decrease in personnel costs primarily due to the
fact that the sales force sold services with a smaller average price point in
2008, which resulted in lower average contract values compared to
2007.
Software Development
Expenses. Software development expenses remained relatively consistent at
$6.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008, and $6.3 million for the
six months ended June 30, 2007, and remained relatively consistent as a
percentage of revenues at 6.2% for the six months ended June 30, 2008, and 6.8%
for the six months ended June 30, 2007. The decrease in the
percentage was due to increased revenues in 2008.
General and Administrative
Expenses. General and administrative expenses increased to $19.9 million
for the six months ended June 30, 2008, from $17.2 million for the six months
ended June 30, 2007, and remained relatively consistent as a percentage of
revenues at 18.8% for the six months ended June 30, 2008, and 18.5% for the six
months ended June 30, 2007. The increase in general and administrative expenses
was principally a result of an increase of approximately $1.1 million in legal
fees, approximately $1.0 million increase in bad debt expense, and approximately
$600,000 increase in personnel costs.
Purchase Amortization.
Purchase amortization remained consistent at $2.5 million for the six months
ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, and remained relatively consistent as a percentage
of revenues at 2.4% for the six months ended June 30, 2008, and 2.7% for the six
months ended June 30, 2007.
Interest and Other Income, Net.
Interest and other income, net decreased to $3.2 million for the six
months ended June 30, 2008, from $3.8 million for the six months ended June 30,
2007. Although, cash and cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments
were higher in the first half of 2008 than the first half of 2007, our other
income decreased due to lower average interest rates compared to the six months
ended June 30, 2007.
Income Tax Expense,
Net. Income tax expense, net increased to $8.4 million for the
six months ended June 30, 2008, from $2.4 million for the six months ended June
30, 2007. This increase was due to higher income before income taxes as a result
of our growth in profitability.
Comparison
of Business Segment Results for Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 and Six Months
Ended June 30, 2007
Segment Revenues. U.S. revenues
increased to $93.9 million from $82.1 million for the six months ended June 30,
2008 and 2007, respectively. This increase in U.S. revenue is due to further
penetration of our U.S. subscription-based information services and successful
cross-selling of our services to our customers in existing markets, combined
with continued high renewal rates. International revenues increased to $11.9
million from $10.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007,
respectively. This increase in international revenue is principally a result of
further penetration of our subscription-based information services.
Segment EBITDA. U.S. EBITDA
increased to $26.3 million from $11.6 million for the six months ended June 30,
2008 and 2007, respectively. The increase in U.S. EBITDA was due to increased
revenue and lower selling and marketing personnel costs, partially offset by an
increase in legal fees and bad debt expense. International EBITDA
decreased to a loss of $2.0 million from a loss of $2.3 million for the six
months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. This decrease in loss is
primarily due to increased revenues and lower corporate allocation, partially
offset by higher research personnel costs and bad debt expense. International
EBITDA includes a corporate allocation of approximately $610,000 and $1.8
million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The
corporate allocation represents costs incurred for United States employees
involved in international management and expansion activities.
Recent
Acquisitions
On
February 16, 2007, CoStar Limited, a wholly owned U.K. subsidiary of CoStar,
acquired Property Investment Exchange Limited (“Propex”), a provider of
web-based commercial property information and operator of an electronic platform
that facilitates the exchange of investment property in the U.K. Propex’s suite
of electronic platforms and listing websites give users access to the U.K.
commercial property investment and leasing markets. CoStar Limited acquired all
outstanding capital stock of Propex for approximately $22.0 million, consisting
of cash, and deferred consideration, and 21,526 shares of CoStar
common stock.
This
acquisition was accounted for using purchase accounting. The purchase price for
the acquisition was primarily allocated to customer base, trade name, and
goodwill. The acquired customer base, which consists of one distinct intangible
asset for the acquisition and is composed of acquired customer contracts and the
related customer relationships, is being amortized on a 125% declining balance
method over ten years. The Propex acquired trade name is amortized on a
straight-line basis over three years. We recorded goodwill of approximately
$15.0 million for the Propex acquisition. Goodwill is not amortized,
but is subject to annual impairment tests. The results of operations of Propex
have been consolidated with those of the Company since the date of the
acquisition and are not considered material to our consolidated financial
statements. Accordingly, pro forma financial information has not been presented
for the acquisition.
On April
1, 2008, we acquired certain assets of First CLS, Inc. (doing business as the
Dorey Companies and DoreyPRO), an Atlanta-based provider of local commercial
real estate information for $3.0 million in initial cash consideration and
deferred consideration payable within approximately six months of the one-year
anniversary of closing. The First CLS, Inc. acquisition was accounted for using
purchase accounting. The purchase price for the acquisition was primarily
allocated to customer base. The acquired customer base, which consists of one
distinct intangible asset and is composed of acquired customer contracts and the
related customer relationships, is being amortized on a 125% declining balance
method over ten years. The results of operations of First CLS, Inc. have been
consolidated with those of the Company since the date of the acquisition and are
not considered material to our consolidated financial statements. Accordingly,
pro forma financial information has not been presented for the
acquisition.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
Our
principal sources of liquidity are cash, cash equivalents and short-term
investments. Total cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments decreased
to $167.4 million at June 30, 2008 from $187.4 million at December 31,
2007. The decrease in cash, cash equivalents and short-term
investments during the six months ended June 30, 2008 is primarily due to
reclassification of approximately $33.1 million par value in auction rate
securities (“ARS”) from short-term investments to long-term investments in the
first quarter of 2008, the payment of deferred consideration for the Propex
acquisition of approximately $2.9 million, the payment of initial consideration
for the First CLS, Inc. acquisition of $3.0 million, the payment of taxes of
approximately $6.6 million, partially offset by net income before non-cash items
of approximately $25.2 million, and proceeds from stock option exercises of
approximately $2.8 million.
Net cash
provided by operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was
$15.8 million compared to $16.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007.
This decrease was primarily due to a decrease in changes of operating assets and
liabilities of approximately $9.1 million, partially offset by increased net
income before non-cash charges of approximately $8.2 million. The decrease
in changes of operating assets and liabilities is principally due to the
payment of deferred consideration for the Propex acquisition of
approximately $2.9 million, and increase in tax payments of approximately $6.4
million, slightly offset by other changes in working capital of approximately
$200,000.
Net cash
provided by investing activities was $26.2 million for the six months ended June
30, 2008, compared to net cash used in investing activities of $19.8 million for
the six months ended June 30, 2007. This $46.0 million increase in net cash
provided by investing activities was partly due to the decision to purchase
treasury bills instead of short-term investment instruments, which resulted in a
net sale of investments of approximately $29.9 million. In addition,
we used $3.0 million in cash as initial consideration for the purchase of First
CLS, Inc. in the six months ended June 30, 2008, as compared to the use of $16.7
million in cash consideration used for the acquisition of Propex in the six
months ended June 30, 2007. We also purchased approximately $2.5 million less in
property, equipment and other assets during the six months ended June 30, 2008
compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007.
Net cash
provided by financing activities was higher at $2.8 million for the six months
ended June 30, 2008, compared to $1.2 million for the six months ended June 30,
2007, due to increased proceeds from exercise of stock options.
During
the six months ended June 30, 2008, we incurred capital expenditures of
approximately $2.4 million. Additionally, we expect to incur
approximately $1.0 to $3.0 million of capital expenditures in the third quarter
of 2008 and continue to expect to incur approximately $6.0 to $8.0 million of
capital expenditures for the year ended December 31, 2008.
To date,
we have grown in part by acquiring other companies and we may continue to make
acquisitions. Our acquisitions may vary in size and could be material
to our current operations. We expect to use cash, stock, debt or other means of
funding to make these acquisitions. In April 2008, we paid $3.0
million in initial cash consideration and made a commitment for deferred
consideration payable within approximately six months of the one-year
anniversary of closing for the online commercial real estate information assets
of First CLS, Inc. (doing business as the Dorey Companies and DoreyPRO), an
Atlanta-based provider of local commercial real estate information.
We have
net operating loss carryforwards for federal income tax purposes of
approximately $14.9 million, which we expect to use during 2008. We expect our
cash payments for taxes to be approximately $12.0 to $13.0 million during
2008 because our U.S. taxable income will no longer be fully absorbed by
carryforward losses. We expect our cash payments for estimated taxes
to be approximately $3.0 million in each of the third and fourth quarters of
2008.
Based on
current plans, we believe that our available cash combined with positive cash
flow provided by operating activities should be sufficient to fund our
operations for at least the next 12 months.
As of
June 30, 2008, we had $33.1 million par value of long-term investments in
student loan ARS, which failed to settle at auctions. These investments
are of high credit quality with AAA credit ratings and are primarily
securities supported by guarantees from the Federal Family Education Loan
Program (“FFELP”) of the U.S. Department of Education. While we
continue to earn interest on these investments, the investments are not liquid
in the short term. In the event we need to immediately access these
funds, we may have to sell these securities at an amount below par
value. Based on our ability to access our cash, cash equivalents and
other short-term investments and our expected operating cash flows, we
do not anticipate having to sell these investments below par value in order to
operate our business in the foreseeable future.
Recent
Accounting Pronouncements
In
September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS
No. 157, “Fair Value
Measurements” (“SFAS 157”), which defines fair value, establishes a
framework for measuring fair value in accordance with GAAP and expands
disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 does not require any
new fair value measurements under GAAP and is effective for fiscal years
beginning after November 15, 2007. In February 2008, the FASB
issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) 157-2, “Partial Deferral of the Effective
Date of Statement 157”, (“FSP 157-2”), which delays the effective date of
SFAS 157 to January 1, 2009 for all non-financial assets and non-financial
liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in our
consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis (at least
annually). Effective January 1, 2008, we adopted the portion of SFAS
157 that was not deferred under FSP 157-2. The adoption of SFAS 157
did not have a material impact on our results of operations or financial
position. We are currently assessing the impact on our results of
operations and financial position of the adoption of the portion of SFAS 157
that was deferred under FSP 157-2.
In
February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “Fair Value Option for Financial
Assets and Financial Liabilities — Including an amendment of FASB Statement
No. 115” (“SFAS 159”), which permits entities to choose to measure
many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value that are not
currently required to be measured at fair value. SFAS 159 is effective for
fiscal years beginning on or after December 31, 2007. We adopted SFAS 159 on
January 1, 2008 and have elected not to apply the fair value option to any of
our financial instruments. The adoption of SFAS 159 did not have a
material impact on our results of operations or financial
position.
In
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (Revised 2007), “Business Combinations”
(“SFAS 141R”), which will change the accounting for any business combination we
enter into with an acquisition date after December 31, 2008. Under SFAS 141R, an
acquiring entity will be required to recognize all the assets acquired and
liabilities assumed in a transaction at the acquisition date fair value with
limited exceptions. SFAS 141R will change the accounting treatment and
disclosure for certain specific items in a business combination. SFAS 141R
will have an impact on accounting for business combinations once adopted, but
its effect will depend upon the specifics of any business combination with an
acquisition date subsequent to December 31, 2008.
In
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in
Consolidated Financial Statements—An Amendment of ARB No. 51” (“SFAS
160”), which establishes new accounting and reporting standards for the
non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a
subsidiary. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after
December 15, 2008. The adoption of SFAS 160 is not expected to have a
material impact on our results of operations or financial
position.
In April
2008, the FASB issued FSP SFAS 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of
Intangible Assets” (“FSP 142-3”), which is effective for all fiscal years
and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008. Early adoption of FSP
142-3 is not permitted. FSP 142-3 requires additional footnote disclosures about
the impact of our ability or intent to renew or extend agreements related to
existing intangibles or expected future cash flows from those intangibles, how
we account for costs incurred to renew or extend such agreements, the time until
the next renewal or extension period by asset class, and the amount of renewal
or extension costs capitalized, if any. For any intangibles acquired after
December 31, 2008, FSP 142-3 requires that we consider our experience regarding
renewal and extensions of similar arrangements in determining the useful life of
such intangibles. If we do not have experience with similar arrangements, FSP
142-3 requires that we use the assumptions of a market participant putting the
intangible to its highest and best use in determining its useful life. We are
currently assessing the impact the adoption of FSP 142-3 will have on our
results of operations and financial position.
In May
2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted
Accounting Principles” (“SFAS 162”), which identifies the sources of
accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used
in the preparation of financial statements. SFAS 162 is effective sixty days
following the Security and Exchange Commission’s approval of Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board Auditing amendments to AU Section 411, “The Meaning of Present Fairly in
Conformity With Generally Accepted Accounting Principles”. The adoption
of SFAS 162 is not expected to have a material impact on our results of
operations or financial position.
Cautionary
Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
We have
made forward-looking statements in this Report and make forward-looking
statements in our press releases and conference calls that are subject to risks
and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements include information that is not
purely historic fact and include, without limitation, statements concerning our
financial outlook for 2008 and beyond, our possible or assumed future results of
operations generally, and other statements and information regarding assumptions
about our revenues, EBITDA, fully diluted net income, taxable income, cash flow
from operating activities, available cash, operating costs, amortization
expense, intangible asset recovery, net income per share, diluted net income per
share, weighted-average outstanding shares, capital and other expenditures,
effective tax rate, equity compensation charges, future taxable income, purchase
amortization, financing plans, geographic expansion, capital structure,
contractual obligations, legal proceedings and claims, our database, database
growth, services and facilities, employee relations, future economic
performance, our ability to liquidate or realize our long-term investments,
management’s plans, goals and objectives for future operations and growth and
markets for our stock. The sections of this Report which contain forward-looking
statements include the Financial Statements and Related Notes, “Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”,
“Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk”, “Legal
Proceedings” and “Risk Factors”.
Our
forward-looking statements are also identified by words such as “believes,”
“expects,” “thinks,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “estimates” or similar
expressions. You should understand that these forward-looking statements are
estimates reflecting our judgment, beliefs and expectations, not guarantees of
future performance. They are subject to a number of assumptions, risks and
uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those
expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements. The following important
factors, in addition to those discussed or referred to under the heading “Risk
Factors” in Item 1A. of Part II of this report, and other unforeseen events or
circumstances, could affect our future results and could cause those results or
other outcomes to differ materially from those expressed or implied in our
forward-looking statements: general economic conditions; customer retention;
competition; our ability to identify, acquire and integrate acquisition
candidates; our ability to obtain any required financing on favorable terms; our
ability to integrate our U.S. and international product offerings; our ability
to continue to expand successfully; our ability to effectively penetrate the
market for retail real estate information and gain acceptance in that market;
our ability to control costs; litigation; changes in accounting policies or
practices; changes or consolidations within the commercial real estate industry;
release of new and upgraded services by us or our competitors; data quality;
development of our sales force; employee retention; technical problems with our
services; managerial execution; changes in relationships with real estate
brokers and other strategic partners; foreign currency fluctuations; legal and
regulatory issues; changes in accounting policies or practices; and successful
adoption of and training on our services.
Accordingly,
you should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak
only as of, and are based on information available to us on, the date of this
Report. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable
to us or any person acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their
entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this section.
We do not undertake any obligation to update any such statements or release
publicly any revisions to these forward-looking statements to reflect events or
circumstances after the date of this Report or to reflect the occurrence of
unanticipated events.
We
provide information services to the commercial real estate and related business
community in the U.S., U.K. and France. Our functional currency for our
operations in the U.K. and France is the local currency. As such, fluctuations
in the British Pound and Euro may have an impact on our business, results of
operations and financial position. We currently do not use financial instruments
to hedge our exposure to exchange rate fluctuations with respect to our foreign
subsidiaries. We may seek to enter hedging transactions in the future to reduce
our exposure to exchange rate fluctuations, but we may be unable to enter into
hedging transactions successfully, on acceptable terms or at all. As
of June 30, 2008, accumulated other comprehensive income included a gain from
foreign currency translation adjustments of approximately $5.5
million.
We do not
have material exposure to market risks associated with changes in interest rates
related to cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments held as of
June 30, 2008. As of June 30, 2008, we had $167.4 million of cash,
cash equivalents and short-term investments. If there is an
increase or decrease in interest rates, there will be a corresponding increase
or decrease in the amount of interest earned on our cash, cash equivalents
and short-term investments. Based on our ability to access our
cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, and our expected
operating cash flows, we do not believe that increases or decreases in interest
rates will impact our ability to operate our business in the foreseeable
future.
Included
within our long-term investments are investments in AAA rated student loan
ARS. These securities are primarily securities supported by
guarantees from the FFELP of the U.S. Department of Education. As of
June 30, 2008, auctions for $33.1 million par value of our investments in ARS
failed. As a result, we may not be able to sell these investments at
par value until a future auction on these investments is successful. In the
event we need to immediately liquidate these investments, we may have to locate
a buyer outside the auction process, who may be unwilling to purchase the
investments at par, resulting in a loss. If the issuers are unable to
successfully close future auctions and their credit ratings deteriorate, we may
be required to adjust the carrying value of these investments as a temporary
impairment and recognize it as an unrealized loss in other comprehensive income
or as an other-than-temporary impairment charge to earnings. Based on
our ability to access our cash, cash equivalents and other short-term
investments, and our expected operating cash flows, we do not anticipate having
to sell these securities below par value in order to operate our business in the
foreseeable future.
We have a
substantial amount of intangible assets. As of June 30, 2008, we believe our
intangible assets will be recoverable. Changes in the economy, the
business in which we operate and our own relative performance could change the
assumptions used to evaluate intangible asset recoverability. In the event that
we determine that an asset has been impaired, we would recognize an impairment
charge equal to the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds
the fair value of the asset. We continue to monitor these assumptions and their
effect on the estimated recoverability of our intangible assets.
We
maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that
information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the
Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time
periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms,
and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management,
including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as
appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In
designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management
recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and
operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control
objectives, and management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the
cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.
As of
June 30, 2008, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the
participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our
Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our
disclosure controls and procedures. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and
procedures were effective and were operating at the reasonable assurance
level.
There
have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during our
most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably
likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial
reporting.
PART
II ¾ OTHER
INFORMATION
Currently,
and from time to time, we are involved in litigation incidental to the conduct
of our business. We are not a party to any lawsuits or proceedings that, in the
opinion of our management based on consultations with legal counsel, are likely
to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial
position.
In
addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully
consider the factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, which could materially
affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described
in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only risks facing our
Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us
or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect
our business, financial condition and/or results of operations. Other
than discussed below, there have been no material changes to the Risk Factors as
previously disclosed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Negative conditions in the global
credit markets may affect the liquidity of a portion of our long-term
investments. Currently our long-term investments include AAA
rated auction rate securities (“ARS”), which are primarily securities supported
by guarantees from the Federal Family Education Loan Program of the U.S.
Department of Education. Recent negative conditions in the global credit markets
have prevented some investors from liquidating their holdings of auction rate
securities because the amount of securities submitted for sale has exceeded the
amount of purchase orders for such securities. As of June 30, 2008, we held
$33.1 million par value of auction rate securities all of which failed to settle
at auctions. When an auction fails for securities in which we have
invested, we may be unable to liquidate some or all of our auction rate
securities at par, should we need or desire to access the funds invested in
those securities immediately. In the event we need or desire to immediately
access these funds, we will not be able to do so until a future auction on these
investments is successful, a buyer is found outside the auction process or an
alternative action is determined. If a buyer is found but is unwilling to
purchase the investments at par, we may incur a loss.
Our ARS
investments are not currently trading and therefore do not currently have a
readily determinable market value. Accordingly, the estimated fair
value of the ARS no longer approximates par value. We have used a
discounted cash flow model to determine the estimated fair value of our
investment in ARS as of June 30, 2008. The assumptions used in
preparing the discounted cash flow model include estimates for interest rates,
timing and amount of cash flows and expected holding periods of the
ARS. Based on this assessment of fair value, as of June 30, 2008, we
determined there was a decline in the fair value of our ARS investments of
approximately $2.2 million. The decline was deemed to be a temporary
impairment and recorded as an unrealized loss in other comprehensive income in
stockholders’ equity. If the issuers of these ARS are unable to
successfully close future auctions and their credit ratings deteriorate, we may
be required to record additional unrealized losses in other comprehensive income
or an other-than-temporary impairment charge to earnings on these
investments.
The
following table is a summary of our repurchases of common stock during each of
the three months in the quarter ended June 30, 2008:
ISSUER
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Month
|
|
|
Total
Number of Shares Purchased
|
|
|
Average
Price Paid per Share
|
|
|
Total
Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or
Programs
|
|
|
Maximum
Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or
Programs
|
|
April
1 through 30, 2008
|
|
|
|
3,250 |
(1) |
|
|
47.84 |
|
|
|
¾ |
|
|
|
¾ |
|
May
1 through 31, 2008
|
|
|
|
1,397 |
(1) |
|
|
48.52 |
|
|
|
¾ |
|
|
|
¾ |
|
June
1 through 30, 2008
|
|
|
|
¾ |
(1)
|
|
|
¾ |
|
|
|
¾ |
|
|
|
¾ |
|
Total
|
|
|
|
4,647 |
(1) |
|
|
48.04 |
|
|
|
¾ |
|
|
|
¾ |
|
(1) The
number of shares purchased consists of shares of common stock tendered by
employees to the Company to satisfy the employees’ tax withholding obligations
arising as a result of vesting of restricted stock grants under the Company’s
1998 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended, which shares were purchased by the
Company based on their fair market value on the vesting date. None of
these share purchases were part of a publicly announced program to purchase
common stock of the Company.
None
The
Annual Meeting of our stockholders was held on June 10, 2008. The following
people were elected to our Board of Directors for a one-year term: Michael R.
Klein, Andrew C. Florance, David Bonderman, Michael J. Glosserman, Warren H.
Haber, Josiah O. Low, III, and Christopher J. Nassetta. The vote was as
follows:
Name
|
|
Votes
For
|
|
Votes
Withheld
|
Michael
R. Klein
|
|
|
15,541,361
|
|
|
|
103,360
|
|
Andrew
C. Florance
|
|
|
15,597,270
|
|
|
|
47,451
|
|
David
Bonderman
|
|
|
15,572,901
|
|
|
|
71,820
|
|
Michael
J. Glosserman
|
|
|
15,608,152
|
|
|
|
36,569
|
|
Warren
H. Haber
|
|
|
15,597,270
|
|
|
|
47,451
|
|
Josiah
O. Low, III
|
|
|
15,601,575
|
|
|
|
43,146
|
|
Christopher
J. Nassetta
|
|
|
15,601,475
|
|
|
|
43,246
|
|
Further,
the appointment of Ernst & Young, LLP as our independent registered public
accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2008 was ratified
upon the following vote: for, 15,582,196 shares; against, 21,579 shares; and
abstain, 40,944 shares.
As
previously announced, Michael J. Glosserman was elected to the Board of
Directors of the Company at our 2008 Annual Stockholders Meeting held on June
10, 2008. Mr. Glosserman was subsequently appointed by the Board of
Directors to serve on the Company’s Audit Committee to fill the seat left vacant
when Catherine Reynolds elected not to seek reelection to the Board at our 2008
Annual Stockholders Meeting. As a result of Mr. Glosserman’s appointment
to the Audit Committee in July 2008, the Company is in compliance with Nasdaq
Marketplace Rule 4350(d)(2), which requires an issuer’s audit committee to
consist of at least three members, each of whom must meet certain
requirements.
On July
21, 2008, as required by Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 4350(d)(4), the Company
notified Nasdaq that, due to Ms. Reynolds’ departure, the Company had only two
members on its audit committee for a short period of time. On July 22,
2008, the Company received a letter from Nasdaq noting the short period of time
during which the Company did not have three members on its audit committee as
required by Rule 4350(d)(2) and confirming that the Company is now in compliance
with that Rule.
3.1
|
Restated
Certificate of Incorporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to
the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of the Registrant (Reg. No.
333-47953) filed with the Commission on March 13, 1998 (the “1998 Form
S-1”))
|
3.2
|
Certificate
of Amendment of Restated Certificate of Incorporation (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-Q for the
period ending June 30, 1999)
|
3.3
|
Amended
and Restated By-Laws (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the 1998
Form S-1)
|
10.1
|
Addendum
No. 4 to Office Lease, dated as of April 2, 2008, between Newlands
Building Venture, LLC, and CoStar Realty Information, Inc. (filed
herewith)
|
31.1
|
Certification
of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed
herewith)
|
31.2
|
Certification
of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed
herewith)
|
32.1
|
Certification
of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Sec. 1350, as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed
herewith)
|
32.2
|
Certification
of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Sec. 1350, as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed
herewith)
|
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has
duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto
duly authorized.
|
|
COSTAR
GROUP, INC.
|
|
Date: July
24, 2008
|
By:
|
|
/s/
Brian J. Radecki
|
|
|
|
|
Brian
J. Radecki
Chief
Financial Officer
(Principal
Financial and Accounting Officer and Duly Authorized
Officer)
|