Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
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þ |
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2008
or
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o |
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For
the transition period from to .
Commission File Number: 001-32307
Primus Guaranty, Ltd.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Bermuda
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Not Required |
(State or other jurisdiction of
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
incorporation or organization) |
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Clarendon House
2 Church Street
Hamilton HM 11, Bermuda
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
441-296-0519
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated
filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large
accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act. (Check one):
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Large accelerated filer o
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Accelerated filer þ
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Non-accelerated filer o
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Smaller reporting company o |
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(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
As of August 1, 2008, the number of shares outstanding of the issuers common shares, $0.08 par
value, was 45,229,069.
Primus Guaranty, Ltd.
Form 10-Q
For the three months ended June 30, 2008
INDEX
2
Part I. Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements
Primus Guaranty, Ltd.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
(in thousands except per share amounts)
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June 30, |
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December 31, |
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2008 |
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2007 |
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(unaudited) |
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Assets |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
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$ |
303,858 |
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$ |
242,665 |
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Available-for-sale investments |
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589,203 |
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617,631 |
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Accrued interest receivable |
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6,134 |
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7,684 |
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Accrued premiums and receivables on credit and other swaps |
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3,470 |
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4,187 |
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Unrealized gain on credit and other swaps, at fair value |
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339 |
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606 |
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Fixed assets and software costs, net |
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4,850 |
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5,036 |
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Debt issuance costs, net |
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6,809 |
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6,965 |
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Other assets |
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2,673 |
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3,872 |
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Total assets |
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$ |
917,336 |
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$ |
888,646 |
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Liabilities and shareholders equity |
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Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
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$ |
2,182 |
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$ |
2,182 |
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Accrued compensation |
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4,704 |
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5,957 |
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Interest payable |
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369 |
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831 |
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Unrealized loss on credit and other swaps, at fair value |
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986,492 |
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544,731 |
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Accrued premiums and payables on credit and other swaps |
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1,770 |
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Long-term debt |
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325,570 |
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325,904 |
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Restructuring liabilities |
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1,709 |
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Other liabilities |
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497 |
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503 |
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Total liabilities |
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1,319,814 |
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883,587 |
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Preferred securities of subsidiary |
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98,521 |
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98,521 |
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Commitments and contingencies |
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Shareholders equity (deficit) |
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Common shares, $0.08 par value, 62,500,000 shares
authorized, 45,226,856 and 45,035,593 shares issued and
outstanding at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007,
respectively |
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3,618 |
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3,603 |
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Additional paid-in-capital |
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282,587 |
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280,224 |
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Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
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(7,152 |
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(4,712 |
) |
Retained earnings (deficit) |
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(780,052 |
) |
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(372,577 |
) |
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Total shareholders equity (deficit) |
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(500,999 |
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(93,462 |
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Total liabilities, preferred securities of subsidiary
and shareholders equity (deficit) |
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$ |
917,336 |
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$ |
888,646 |
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See accompanying notes.
3
Primus Guaranty, Ltd.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands except per share amounts)
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Three Months Ended |
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Six Months Ended |
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June 30, |
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June 30, |
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2008 |
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2007 |
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2008 |
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2007 |
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(unaudited) |
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(unaudited) |
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Revenues |
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Net credit swap revenue (loss) |
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$ |
270,990 |
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$ |
(15,995 |
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$ |
(392,625 |
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$ |
(20,872 |
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Asset management and advisory fees |
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1,090 |
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625 |
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2,180 |
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1,286 |
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Interest income |
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6,319 |
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10,316 |
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15,513 |
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20,293 |
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Other trading revenue |
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708 |
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1,967 |
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Foreign currency revaluation loss |
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(102 |
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(63 |
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(127 |
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(12 |
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Total net revenues |
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278,297 |
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(4,409 |
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(375,059 |
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2,662 |
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Expenses |
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Compensation and employee benefits |
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5,964 |
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5,972 |
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12,155 |
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11,976 |
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Professional and legal fees |
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1,281 |
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1,463 |
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2,304 |
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2,439 |
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Depreciation and amortization |
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334 |
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370 |
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663 |
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947 |
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Technology and data |
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900 |
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1,078 |
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2,011 |
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1,955 |
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Interest expense |
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3,973 |
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4,859 |
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8,864 |
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9,721 |
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Other |
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1,300 |
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1,410 |
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2,623 |
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2,945 |
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Total expenses |
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13,752 |
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15,152 |
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28,620 |
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29,983 |
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Distributions on preferred securities of subsidiary |
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1,942 |
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1,959 |
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3,747 |
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3,861 |
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Income (loss) before provision for income taxes |
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262,603 |
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(21,520 |
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(407,426 |
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(31,182 |
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Provision (benefit) for income taxes |
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(4 |
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49 |
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52 |
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Net income (loss) available to common shares |
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$ |
262,603 |
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$ |
(21,516 |
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$ |
(407,475 |
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$ |
(31,234 |
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Income (loss) per common share: |
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Basic |
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$ |
5.81 |
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$ |
(0.48 |
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$ |
(9.02 |
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$ |
(0.70 |
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Diluted |
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$ |
5.78 |
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$ |
(0.48 |
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$ |
(9.02 |
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$ |
(0.70 |
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Average common shares outstanding: |
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Basic |
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45,225 |
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45,012 |
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45,166 |
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44,588 |
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Diluted |
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45,406 |
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45,012 |
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45,166 |
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44,588 |
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See accompanying notes.
4
Primus Guaranty, Ltd.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands except per share amounts)
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Six Months Ended |
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June 30, |
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2008 |
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2007 |
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(unaudited) |
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Cash flows from operating activities |
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Net loss |
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$ |
(407,475 |
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$ |
(31,234 |
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Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: |
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Non-cash items included in net loss: |
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Depreciation and amortization |
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663 |
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947 |
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Share compensation |
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2,573 |
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2,248 |
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Net unrealized losses on credit and other swaps |
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442,028 |
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58,996 |
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Net amortization of premium and discount on securities |
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(1,128 |
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(4,634 |
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Amortization of debt issuance costs |
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156 |
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156 |
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Distributions on preferred securities of subsidiary |
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3,747 |
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3,861 |
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Increase (decrease) in cash resulting from changes in: |
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Accrued interest receivable |
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1,550 |
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(171 |
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Accrued premiums and interest receivable on credit and other swaps |
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717 |
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(755 |
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Deposit and warehouse loan agreement |
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(6,022 |
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Warehouse loans held for securitization |
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(336,278 |
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Other assets |
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865 |
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(3,459 |
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Trading account assets |
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1,334 |
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Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
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(635 |
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Accrued compensation |
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(1,253 |
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(4,752 |
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Trading account liabilities |
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(32 |
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Accrued premiums and payables on credit and other swaps |
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(1,770 |
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Interest payable |
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(462 |
) |
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(200 |
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Restructuring liabilities |
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(1,709 |
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Other liabilities |
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(6 |
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51 |
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Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
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38,496 |
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(320,579 |
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Cash flows from investing activities |
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Fixed asset purchases and capitalized software costs |
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(477 |
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(1,064 |
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Payments received from CLO investments |
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2,063 |
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Purchases of available-for-sale investments |
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(1,059,776 |
) |
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(413,731 |
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Maturities and sales of available-for-sale investments |
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1,084,890 |
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381,499 |
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Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
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26,700 |
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(33,296 |
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Cash flows from financing activities |
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Repurchase and retirement of common shares |
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(195 |
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(1,142 |
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Proceeds from exercise of options and issue of shares |
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557 |
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Proceeds from exercise of warrants |
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7,335 |
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Warehouse loan payable |
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336,278 |
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Net preferred distributions of subsidiary |
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(3,747 |
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(3,861 |
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Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
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(3,942 |
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339,167 |
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Net effect of exchange rate changes on cash |
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(61 |
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(5 |
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Net increase (decrease) in cash |
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61,193 |
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(14,713 |
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Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
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242,665 |
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204,428 |
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Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
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$ |
303,858 |
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$ |
189,715 |
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Supplemental disclosures |
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Cash paid for interest |
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$ |
9,171 |
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$ |
9,815 |
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Cash paid for taxes |
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$ |
25 |
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$ |
22 |
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See accompanying notes.
5
1. Organization and Basis of Presentation
Primus Guaranty, Ltd., together with its consolidated subsidiaries (Primus Guaranty or the
Company), is a Bermuda holding company that conducts business through its two principal operating
subsidiaries, Primus Financial Products, LLC (Primus Financial) and Primus Asset Management, Inc.
(Primus Asset Management).
Primus Financial, incorporated in Delaware, is a credit derivatives product company (CDPC),
which has AAA/Aaa counterparty ratings by Standard & Poors Rating Group (S&P), and Moodys
Investors Service, Inc. (Moodys), respectively. Primus Financial is a seller of credit swaps to
banks and credit swap dealers, referred to as counterparties, against primarily investment grade
credit obligations of corporate and sovereign issuers. In exchange for a fixed quarterly premium,
Primus Financial agrees, upon the occurrence of a defined credit event (e.g., bankruptcy, failure
to pay or restructuring) affecting a designated issuer, referred to as a Reference Entity, to pay
its counterparty an agreed upon notional amount against delivery to Primus Financial of the
Reference Entitys debt obligation in the same notional amount. Credit swaps related to a single
specified Reference Entity are referred to as single name credit swaps. Primus Financial seeks
to minimize the risk inherent in its credit swap portfolio by maintaining a high quality,
diversified credit swap portfolio across Reference Entities, industries, countries and rating
grades. Primus Financial also sells credit swaps referencing portfolios containing obligations of
multiple Reference Entities, which are referred to as tranches, and sells credit swaps
referencing residential mortgage-backed securities, which are referred to as ABS. Defined credit
events related to ABS may include any or all of the following: failure to pay principal, write-down
in the reference obligation and downgrades to CCC/Caa2 (S&P/Moodys) or below of the reference
obligation.
Primus Asset Management, a Delaware services company, acts as an investment manager to
affiliated companies and third party entities. It currently manages the credit swap and cash
investment portfolios of its affiliate, Primus Financial. Primus Asset Management also manages two
collateralized loan obligations (CLOs). A CLO issues securities backed by a diversified pool of
primarily below investment grade rated senior secured loans of corporations. Additionally, Primus
Asset Management manages three investment grade collateralized swap obligations (CSOs) on behalf
of third parties. A CSO issues securities backed by one or more credit swaps sold against a
diversified pool of investment grade corporate or sovereign reference entities. Primus Asset
Management receives fees for its investment management services on the five investment vehicles. In
general, such management fees are calculated based on percentage of assets under management,
subject to applicable contractual terms. As of June 30, 2008, CLO and CSO assets under management
were approximately $1.5 billion. Primus Asset Management has entered into a Services Agreement with
its affiliates, whereby it provides services to its affiliates including management, consulting and
information technology.
Primus Re, Ltd. (Primus Re), another subsidiary, is a Bermuda company that operates as a
financial guaranty insurance company and is licensed as a Class 3 Insurer under the Bermuda
Insurance Act of 1978. Primus Res business is to act as a conduit, or transformer, between parties
interested in buying or selling protection in insurance form and other parties interested in
assuming the opposite risk position in the form of credit swaps. Primus Re was inactive during the
six months ended June 30, 2008.
As of March 31, 2008, Harrier Credit Strategies Master Fund, LP (Harrier) ceased trading
activities and closed all of its trading positions. As of December 31, 2007, PRS Trading
Strategies, LLC (PRS Trading Strategies) was inactive.
6
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Primus Guaranty,
Ltd. have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP)
for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of
Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by
GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting
of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The
results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results for a
full year. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and
its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances have been eliminated.
The condensed consolidated financial statements represent a single reportable segment, as
defined in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 131, Disclosures about Segments
of an Enterprise and Related Information.
The condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollar equivalents.
During the periods presented, the Companys credit swap activities were conducted in U.S. dollars
and euros.
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.
There was no effect on net income (loss) as a result of these reclassifications.
2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 157, Fair
Value Measurements (SFAS No. 157). SFAS No.157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for
measuring fair value in GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157
is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. Effective January 1, 2008, the
Company adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 157. For additional information and discussion, see note
5 of notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and
Liabilities (SFAS No. 159). SFAS No. 159 provides a fair value option election that allows
companies to irrevocably elect fair value as the initial and subsequent measurement attribute for
certain financial assets and liabilities, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings as they
occur. SFAS No. 159 permits the fair value option election on an instrument by instrument basis at
initial recognition of an asset or liability or upon an event that gives rise to a new basis of
accounting for that instrument. SFAS No. 159 is effective as of the beginning of an entitys first
fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007. Effective January 1, 2008, the Company adopted the
provisions of SFAS No. 159. The adoption of SFAS No. 159 did not have a material impact on the
Companys condensed consolidated financial statements. For additional information and discussion,
see note 5 of notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and
Hedging Activities, an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 (SFAS No. 161). SFAS No. 161 is
intended to improve transparency in financial reporting by requiring enhanced disclosures of an
entitys derivative instruments and hedging activities and their effects on the entitys financial
position, financial performance, and cash flows. SFAS No.161 applies to all derivative instruments
within the scope of SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
(SFAS No. 133). It also applies to non-derivative hedging instruments and all hedged items designated and qualifying as hedges under SFAS No. 133.
SFAS No. 161 is effective prospectively for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November
15, 2008. The Company will adopt SFAS No. 161 in the first quarter of 2009. The Company is
currently evaluating the disclosure requirements that adoption of SFAS No. 161 will have on its
condensed consolidated financial statements. However, since SFAS No. 161 requires only additional
disclosures concerning derivatives and hedging activities, adoption of SFAS No. 161 will not affect
the Companys financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
7
3. Available-for-sale Investments
Available-for-sale investments include U.S. government agency obligations (including
government-sponsored enterprises) rated AAA and Aaa by the respective rating agencies, commercial
paper rated A-1 and P-1 by the respective rating agencies and the Companys CLO investments. The
Company accounts for its CLO investments as debt securities and fixed maturity securities in
accordance with SFAS No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities
(SFAS 115) and Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 99-20, Recognition of Interest
Income and Impairment on Purchased and Retained Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial
Assets (EITF 99-20). Accordingly, the CLO investments are classified as available-for-sale
investments. Available-for-sale investments are carried at fair value with the unrealized gains or
losses reported in accumulated other comprehensive loss as a separate component of shareholders
equity. Available-for-sale investments have maturities at time of purchase greater than 90 days.
The following table summarizes the composition of the Companys available-for-sale investments
at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Estimated |
|
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Gains |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. government agency obligations |
|
$ |
565,741 |
|
|
$ |
304 |
|
|
$ |
(219 |
) |
|
$ |
565,826 |
|
Collateralized loan obligations |
|
|
13,616 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6,878 |
) |
|
|
6,738 |
|
Corporate debt securities |
|
|
17,024 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(429 |
) |
|
|
16,595 |
|
ABS bond |
|
|
61 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(17 |
) |
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
596,442 |
|
|
$ |
304 |
|
|
$ |
(7,543 |
) |
|
$ |
589,203 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Estimated |
|
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Gains |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. government agency obligations |
|
$ |
607,663 |
|
|
$ |
480 |
|
|
$ |
(169 |
) |
|
$ |
607,974 |
|
Collateralized loan obligations |
|
|
14,880 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5,223 |
) |
|
|
9,657 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
622,543 |
|
|
$ |
480 |
|
|
$ |
(5,392 |
) |
|
$ |
617,631 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8
The following table summarizes the fair value of investments that have been in a continuous
unrealized loss position for less than 12 months and for 12 months or more at June 30, 2008 and
December 31, 2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
|
Securities with Unrealized Losses |
|
|
|
Less than 12 Months |
|
|
12 Months or More |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
|
Value |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Losses |
|
U.S. government agency obligations |
|
$ |
418,954 |
|
|
$ |
(219 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
418,954 |
|
|
$ |
(219 |
) |
Collateralized loan obligations |
|
|
3,553 |
|
|
|
(4,451 |
) |
|
|
3,185 |
|
|
|
(2,427 |
) |
|
|
6,738 |
|
|
|
(6,878 |
) |
Corporate debt securities |
|
|
16,595 |
|
|
|
(429 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16,595 |
|
|
|
(429 |
) |
ABS bond |
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
(17 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
(17 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
439,146 |
|
|
$ |
(5,116 |
) |
|
$ |
3,185 |
|
|
$ |
(2,427 |
) |
|
$ |
442,331 |
|
|
$ |
(7,543 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
Securities with Unrealized Losses |
|
|
|
Less than 12 Months |
|
|
12 Months or More |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
|
Value |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Losses |
|
U.S. government agency obligations |
|
$ |
127,139 |
|
|
$ |
(59 |
) |
|
$ |
104,600 |
|
|
$ |
(110 |
) |
|
$ |
231,739 |
|
|
$ |
(169 |
) |
Collateralized loan obligations |
|
|
5,302 |
|
|
|
(3,065 |
) |
|
|
4,355 |
|
|
|
(2,158 |
) |
|
|
9,657 |
|
|
|
(5,223 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
132,441 |
|
|
$ |
(3,124 |
) |
|
$ |
108,955 |
|
|
$ |
(2,268 |
) |
|
$ |
241,396 |
|
|
$ |
(5,392 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company makes an assessment to determine whether unrealized losses reflect declines in
value of securities that are other-than-temporarily impaired. The Company considers many factors,
including the length of time and significance of the decline in fair value; the Companys intent
and ability to hold the investment for a sufficient period of time for a recovery in fair value;
recent events specific to the issuer or industry; credit ratings and asset quality of collateral
structure; and any significant changes in estimated cash flows. If the Company, based on its
evaluation of the above factors, determines that the impairment is other-than-temporary, the
carrying value of the security is written down to fair value and the unrealized loss is recognized
through a charge to earnings in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Based on the
Companys evaluation, it does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired
at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007.
The U.S. government agency obligations mature before November 2009. The two CLO investments
are scheduled to mature in 2019 and 2021, respectively, although the actual maturity of each may be
sooner.
9
4. Net Credit Swap Revenues and Portfolio
Overview
Net credit swap revenue (loss) as presented in the condensed consolidated statements of
operations comprises changes in the fair value of credit swaps, realized gains or losses on the
termination of credit swaps and premium income or expense. The realized gains and losses on credit
swaps represent realized gains and losses on the termination of credit swaps. The realization of
gains or losses on credit swaps will generally result in a reduction in unrealized gains or losses
and accrued premium at the point in time realization occurs.
Credit swaps are derivative transactions that obligate one party to the transaction (the
Seller) to pay an amount to the other party to the transaction (the Buyer) should an unrelated
third party (the Reference Entity), specified in the contract be subject to a defined credit event.
The amount to be paid by the Seller will either be (a) the notional amount of the transaction, in
exchange for which the Seller must be delivered a defined obligation of the Reference Entity
(called physical settlement), or (b) the difference between the current market value of a defined
obligation of the Reference Entity and the notional amount of the transaction (called cash
settlement). In exchange for taking the risk of the contract, the Seller will receive a fixed
premium for the term of the contract (or until the occurrence of a defined credit event). The fixed
premium is generally paid quarterly in arrears over the term of the transaction. Premium income is
recognized ratably over the life of the transaction as a component of net credit swap revenue
(loss). When the Company purchases credit swaps from its counterparties, the Company pays fixed
premiums over the term of the contract. Premium expense is recognized ratably over the life of the
transaction as a component of net credit swap revenue (loss).
All credit swap transactions entered into between the Buyer and the Seller are subject to an
International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. Master Agreement (ISDA Master Agreement)
executed by both parties. The ISDA Master Agreement allows for the aggregation of the market
exposures and termination of all transactions between the Buyer and Seller in the event a default
(as defined by the ISDA Master Agreement) occurs in respect of either party.
The primary risks inherent in the Companys activities are (a) where the Company is a Seller
that Reference Entities specified in its credit swap transactions will experience credit events
that will require the Company to make payments to the Buyers of the transactions. Defined credit
events may include any or all of the following: bankruptcy, failure to pay, repudiation or
moratorium, and modified or original restructuring, (b) where the Company is a Buyer of a credit
swap and a defined credit event occurs, the Seller fails to make payment to the Company, and (c)
that Buyers of the transactions from the Company will default on their required premium payments.
Defined credit events related to the Companys credit swaps against ABS may include any or all of
the following: failure to pay principal, write-down in the reference obligation and downgrades to
CCC/Caa2 (S&P/Moodys) or below of the reference obligation. See note 6 of notes to condensed
consolidated financial statements for further discussion.
The Company terminates a credit swap in one of two ways. The Company may negotiate an agreed
termination with the original counterparty (an unwind). The Company may negotiate an assignment
and novation of its rights and obligations under the credit swap to a third party (an assignment).
In the event of an unwind or assignment, the Company pays or receives a cash settlement negotiated
with the counterparty or assignee, based on the fair value of the credit swap contract and the
accrued premium on the swap contract at the time of negotiation. The amounts the Company pays or
receives are recorded as a realization of fair value and as a realization of accrued premiums in
the period in which the termination occurs.
10
In accordance with U.S. GAAP, the Company carries its credit swaps on its consolidated
statements of financial condition at their fair value. Changes in the fair value of the Companys
credit swap portfolio are recorded as unrealized gains or losses as a component of net credit swap
revenue (loss) in the Companys consolidated statements of operations. If a credit swap has an
increase or decline in fair value during a period, the increase will add to the Companys net
credit swap revenue and the decline will subtract from the Companys net credit swap revenue for
that period, respectively. Changes in the fair value of the Companys credit swap portfolio are a
function of the notional amount and composition of the portfolio and prevailing market credit swap
premiums for comparable credit swaps. The Company generally holds the credit swaps it sells to
maturity, at which point, assuming no defined credit event has occurred, the cumulative unrealized
gains and losses on each credit swap would equal zero.
Primus Financial enters into ISDA Master Agreements with its counterparties and aggregates its
respective transactions on a counterparty basis for presentation on the Companys condensed
consolidated statements of financial condition. If the aggregate total of fair values with a
counterparty is a net gain, the total is recorded as a component of unrealized gains on credit
swaps, at fair value in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. If the
aggregate total of fair values with a counterparty is a net loss, the total is recorded as a
component of unrealized losses on credit and other swaps, at fair value in the condensed
consolidated statements of financial condition.
Primus Financial
Under the terms of Primus Financials operating guidelines, derivatives transactions can only
include credit swaps.
Primus Financial is primarily a Seller of credit swaps. As a general rule, when Primus
Financial sells credit swaps, it intends to hold the transaction until maturity. However, there
are two sets of circumstances in which the Company could elect to terminate transactions prior to
maturity, and the Company monitors its portfolio on a continuing basis to assess whether those
circumstances are present.
First, if Primus Financial receives new information suggesting that the credit quality of the
underlying Reference Entity has deteriorated to a material degree, the Company considers the
possibility of terminating the transaction, usually at a loss, to avoid the larger loss that could
result if the credit swap were to remain in place until a defined credit event occurs.
Second, Primus Financial may elect to terminate a transaction for which it has an unrealized
gain or loss based on one or more of the following considerations: its view as to whether the
capital dedicated to the position could be profitably reallocated, its total exposure to a
particular Reference Entity, the total size of its portfolio in relation to its capital and the
total size of its swap positions and exposures with a particular counterparty which might be
reduced so that the counterparty may enter into additional swaps with Primus Financial.
Harrier/PRS Trading Strategies
At December 31, 2007, PRS Trading Strategies was inactive. At March 31, 2008, Harrier had
closed its remaining credit swap positions.
11
Consolidated Net Credit Swap Revenue (Loss) and Credit Swap Portfolio Information
The table below presents the components of consolidated net credit swap revenue (loss) for the
three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net premium income |
|
$ |
27,239 |
|
|
$ |
20,304 |
|
|
$ |
54,550 |
|
|
$ |
38,826 |
|
Realized gains |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,893 |
|
|
|
1,033 |
|
|
|
7,688 |
|
Realized losses |
|
|
(898 |
) |
|
|
(5,385 |
) |
|
|
(6,084 |
) |
|
|
(8,552 |
) |
Net change in unrealized gains (losses) |
|
|
244,649 |
|
|
|
(35,807 |
) |
|
|
(442,124 |
) |
|
|
(58,834 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net credit swap revenue (loss) |
|
$ |
270,990 |
|
|
$ |
(15,995 |
) |
|
$ |
(392,625 |
) |
|
$ |
(20,872 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The table below, represents the Companys consolidated notional amount, fair value and average
fair value of open credit swap transactions entered into with third parties at June 30, 2008 and
December 31, 2007 are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Gross Notional Amounts: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit swaps sold-single name |
|
$ |
19,116,761 |
|
|
$ |
18,260,653 |
|
Credit swaps sold-tranche |
|
|
5,000,000 |
|
|
|
4,700,000 |
|
Credit swaps sold-ABS |
|
|
75,000 |
|
|
|
80,000 |
|
Credit swaps purchased-single name |
|
|
(16,610 |
) |
|
|
(25,410 |
) |
Fair value: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asset |
|
|
339 |
|
|
|
606 |
|
Liability |
|
|
986,492 |
|
|
|
544,731 |
|
Average
fair value: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asset |
|
|
720 |
|
|
|
33,217 |
|
Liability |
|
|
1,058,532 |
|
|
|
165,087 |
|
Asset in the table above represents unrealized gains on credit swaps while Liability
represents unrealized losses on credit swaps. All credit swaps are subject to netting arrangements
that have been contractually established independently by Primus Financial with each counterparty
under an ISDA Master Agreement. The notional amounts of the credit swap contracts in the preceding
table are presented on a gross basis and the fair values of such contracts are netted by
counterparty.
12
The tables that follow summarize in thousands, by credit rating of Reference Entities and of
counterparties, the notional amounts and fair values of credit swap transactions outstanding for
the Company as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
Notional |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Notional |
|
|
Fair |
|
Moodys Rating Category |
|
Amount |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Value |
|
By Single Name Reference
Entity/Tranche |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Sold-Single Name: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aaa |
|
$ |
593,163 |
|
|
$ |
(7,390 |
) |
|
$ |
828,504 |
|
|
$ |
(3,953 |
) |
Aa |
|
|
3,507,683 |
|
|
|
(70,496 |
) |
|
|
3,832,904 |
|
|
|
(91,863 |
) |
A |
|
|
6,464,057 |
|
|
|
(114,745 |
) |
|
|
6,047,762 |
|
|
|
(36,544 |
) |
Baa |
|
|
7,507,104 |
|
|
|
(153,903 |
) |
|
|
6,882,813 |
|
|
|
(22,162 |
) |
Ba |
|
|
691,871 |
|
|
|
(27,376 |
) |
|
|
570,090 |
|
|
|
(17,235 |
) |
B |
|
|
352,883 |
|
|
|
(69,525 |
) |
|
|
71,080 |
|
|
|
(2,390 |
) |
Caa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
27,500 |
|
|
|
(2,791 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
19,116,761 |
|
|
$ |
(443,435 |
) |
|
$ |
18,260,653 |
|
|
$ |
(176,938 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Sold-Tranche: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aaa |
|
$ |
4,050,000 |
|
|
$ |
(344,347 |
) |
|
$ |
3,450,000 |
|
|
$ |
(172,175 |
) |
Aa |
|
|
500,000 |
|
|
|
(58,048 |
) |
|
|
950,000 |
|
|
|
(94,312 |
) |
A |
|
|
300,000 |
|
|
|
(55,391 |
) |
|
|
300,000 |
|
|
|
(53,569 |
) |
Baa |
|
|
150,000 |
|
|
|
(31,259 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
5,000,000 |
|
|
$ |
(489,045 |
) |
|
$ |
4,700,000 |
|
|
$ |
(320,056 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Sold-ABS (1): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A |
|
$ |
15,000 |
|
|
$ |
(9,867 |
) |
|
$ |
25,000 |
|
|
$ |
(12,821 |
) |
Baa |
|
|
10,000 |
|
|
|
(7,951 |
) |
|
|
35,000 |
|
|
|
(20,470 |
) |
Ba |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15,000 |
|
|
|
(11,353 |
) |
B |
|
|
10,000 |
|
|
|
(8,196 |
) |
|
|
5,000 |
|
|
|
(4,038 |
) |
Caa |
|
|
40,000 |
|
|
|
(31,169 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
75,000 |
|
|
$ |
(57,183 |
) |
|
$ |
80,000 |
|
|
$ |
(48,682 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Purchased-Single Name: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aa |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(8,160 |
) |
|
$ |
403 |
|
A |
|
|
(8,160 |
) |
|
|
2,112 |
|
|
|
(12,380 |
) |
|
|
335 |
|
Baa |
|
|
(8,450 |
) |
|
|
1,398 |
|
|
|
(4,870 |
) |
|
|
813 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
(16,610 |
) |
|
$ |
3,510 |
|
|
$ |
(25,410 |
) |
|
$ |
1,551 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
See note 6 Credit Events CDS on ABS for further discussion. |
13
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By Counterparty Buyer / (Seller) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Sold-Single Name: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aaa |
|
$ |
1,619,949 |
|
|
$ |
(38,454 |
) |
|
$ |
3,625,845 |
|
|
$ |
(34,091 |
) |
Aa |
|
|
14,662,076 |
|
|
|
(343,095 |
) |
|
|
12,153,764 |
|
|
|
(118,109 |
) |
A |
|
|
1,804,254 |
|
|
|
(42,816 |
) |
|
|
2,481,044 |
|
|
|
(24,738 |
) |
Baa |
|
|
1,030,482 |
|
|
|
(19,070 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
19,116,761 |
|
|
$ |
(443,435 |
) |
|
$ |
18,260,653 |
|
|
$ |
(176,938 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Sold-Tranche: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aaa |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
400,000 |
|
|
$ |
(33,706 |
) |
Aa |
|
|
4,550,000 |
|
|
|
(429,906 |
) |
|
|
3,850,000 |
|
|
|
(246,490 |
) |
A |
|
|
450,000 |
|
|
|
(59,139 |
) |
|
|
450,000 |
|
|
|
(39,860 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
5,000,000 |
|
|
$ |
(489,045 |
) |
|
$ |
4,700,000 |
|
|
$ |
(320,056 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Sold-ABS (1): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aaa |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
15,000 |
|
|
$ |
(10,241 |
) |
Aa |
|
|
50,000 |
|
|
|
(37,587 |
) |
|
|
40,000 |
|
|
|
(21,969 |
) |
A |
|
|
25,000 |
|
|
|
(19,596 |
) |
|
|
25,000 |
|
|
|
(16,472 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
75,000 |
|
|
$ |
(57,183 |
) |
|
$ |
80,000 |
|
|
$ |
(48,682 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Purchased-Single Name: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aaa |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(5,000 |
) |
|
$ |
383 |
|
Aa |
|
|
(16,610 |
) |
|
|
3,510 |
|
|
|
(20,410 |
) |
|
|
1,168 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
(16,610 |
) |
|
$ |
3,510 |
|
|
$ |
(25,410 |
) |
|
$ |
1,551 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
See note 6 Credit Events CDS on ABS for further discussion. |
14
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
Notional |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Notional |
|
|
Fair |
|
S&P Rating Category |
|
Amount |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Value |
|
By Single Name Reference
Entity/Tranche |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Sold-Single Name: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AAA |
|
$ |
697,408 |
|
|
$ |
(19,726 |
) |
|
$ |
1,071,504 |
|
|
$ |
(32,181 |
) |
AA |
|
|
3,487,028 |
|
|
|
(49,162 |
) |
|
|
3,704,784 |
|
|
|
(56,437 |
) |
A |
|
|
7,150,876 |
|
|
|
(113,735 |
) |
|
|
6,550,733 |
|
|
|
(42,398 |
) |
BBB |
|
|
6,887,034 |
|
|
|
(173,322 |
) |
|
|
6,326,638 |
|
|
|
(20,200 |
) |
BB |
|
|
650,032 |
|
|
|
(66,818 |
) |
|
|
478,820 |
|
|
|
(14,583 |
) |
B |
|
|
212,326 |
|
|
|
(19,098 |
) |
|
|
128,174 |
|
|
|
(11,139 |
) |
CCC |
|
|
32,057 |
|
|
|
(1,574 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
19,116,761 |
|
|
$ |
(443,435 |
) |
|
$ |
18,260,653 |
|
|
$ |
(176,938 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Sold-Tranche: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AAA |
|
$ |
4,150,000 |
|
|
$ |
(352,689 |
) |
|
$ |
3,800,000 |
|
|
$ |
(212,582 |
) |
AA |
|
|
250,000 |
|
|
|
(37,005 |
) |
|
|
700,000 |
|
|
|
(67,998 |
) |
A |
|
|
450,000 |
|
|
|
(68,092 |
) |
|
|
100,000 |
|
|
|
(21,880 |
) |
BBB |
|
|
150,000 |
|
|
|
(31,259 |
) |
|
|
100,000 |
|
|
|
(17,596 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
5,000,000 |
|
|
$ |
(489,045 |
) |
|
$ |
4,700,000 |
|
|
$ |
(320,056 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Sold-ABS (1): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A |
|
$ |
5,000 |
|
|
$ |
(2,668 |
) |
|
$ |
50,000 |
|
|
$ |
(29,921 |
) |
BBB |
|
|
10,000 |
|
|
|
(7,740 |
) |
|
|
15,000 |
|
|
|
(7,242 |
) |
BB |
|
|
20,000 |
|
|
|
(15,395 |
) |
|
|
15,000 |
|
|
|
(11,519 |
) |
CCC |
|
|
40,000 |
|
|
|
(31,380 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
75,000 |
|
|
$ |
(57,183 |
) |
|
$ |
80,000 |
|
|
$ |
(48,682 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Purchased-Single Name: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AA |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(8,160 |
) |
|
$ |
403 |
|
A |
|
|
(11,740 |
) |
|
|
2,647 |
|
|
|
(12,250 |
) |
|
|
765 |
|
BBB |
|
|
(4,870 |
) |
|
|
863 |
|
|
|
(5,000 |
) |
|
|
383 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
(16,610 |
) |
|
$ |
3,510 |
|
|
$ |
(25,410 |
) |
|
$ |
1,551 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
See note 6 Credit Events CDS on ABS for further discussion. |
15
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By Counterparty Buyer / (Seller) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Sold-Single Name: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AAA |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
5,000 |
|
|
$ |
3 |
|
AA |
|
|
14,072,545 |
|
|
|
(287,293 |
) |
|
|
14,367,841 |
|
|
|
(131,277 |
) |
A |
|
|
5,044,216 |
|
|
|
(156,142 |
) |
|
|
3,887,812 |
|
|
|
(45,664 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
19,116,761 |
|
|
$ |
(443,435 |
) |
|
$ |
18,260,653 |
|
|
$ |
(176,938 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Sold-Tranche: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AA |
|
$ |
4,550,000 |
|
|
$ |
(429,906 |
) |
|
$ |
4,250,000 |
|
|
$ |
(280,196 |
) |
A |
|
|
450,000 |
|
|
|
(59,139 |
) |
|
|
450,000 |
|
|
|
(39,860 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
5,000,000 |
|
|
$ |
(489,045 |
) |
|
$ |
4,700,000 |
|
|
$ |
(320,056 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Sold-ABS (1): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AA |
|
$ |
50,000 |
|
|
$ |
(37,587 |
) |
|
$ |
55,000 |
|
|
$ |
(32,210 |
) |
A |
|
|
25,000 |
|
|
|
(19,596 |
) |
|
|
25,000 |
|
|
|
(16,472 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
75,000 |
|
|
$ |
(57,183 |
) |
|
$ |
80,000 |
|
|
$ |
(48,682 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Purchased-Single Name: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AA |
|
$ |
(16,610 |
) |
|
$ |
3,510 |
|
|
$ |
(25,410 |
) |
|
$ |
1,551 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
(16,610 |
) |
|
$ |
3,510 |
|
|
$ |
(25,410 |
) |
|
$ |
1,551 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
See note 6 Credit Events CDS on ABS for further discussion. |
Primus Financials counterparties are generally financial institutions with whom it has
entered into ISDA Master Agreements. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, no individual
counterparty generated greater than ten percent of the Companys consolidated net premium revenue.
For the six months ended June 30, 2007, one counterparty generated greater than ten percent of the
Companys consolidated net premium revenue.
The table below shows the geographical distribution of the Companys credit swap portfolio by
domicile of the Reference Entity and domicile of the counterparty as of June 30, 2008 and December
31, 2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
Notional |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Notional |
|
|
Fair |
|
Country of Domicile |
|
Amount |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Value |
|
Credit Swaps Sold-Single Name |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By Reference Entity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
North America |
|
$ |
9,603,795 |
|
|
$ |
(333,787 |
) |
|
$ |
9,531,846 |
|
|
$ |
(149,169 |
) |
Europe |
|
|
8,616,966 |
|
|
|
(92,147 |
) |
|
|
7,837,807 |
|
|
|
(21,719 |
) |
Asia-Pacific |
|
|
717,000 |
|
|
|
(13,134 |
) |
|
|
712,000 |
|
|
|
(4,791 |
) |
Others |
|
|
179,000 |
|
|
|
(4,367 |
) |
|
|
179,000 |
|
|
|
(1,259 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
19,116,761 |
|
|
$ |
(443,435 |
) |
|
$ |
18,260,653 |
|
|
$ |
(176,938 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By Counterparty: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
North America |
|
$ |
9,605,502 |
|
|
$ |
(233,046 |
) |
|
$ |
9,431,827 |
|
|
$ |
(100,747 |
) |
Europe |
|
|
9,369,259 |
|
|
|
(208,790 |
) |
|
|
8,686,826 |
|
|
|
(75,709 |
) |
Asia-Pacific |
|
|
132,000 |
|
|
|
(1,623 |
) |
|
|
132,000 |
|
|
|
(534 |
) |
Others |
|
|
10,000 |
|
|
|
24 |
|
|
|
10,000 |
|
|
|
52 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
19,116,761 |
|
|
$ |
(443,435 |
) |
|
$ |
18,260,653 |
|
|
$ |
(176,938 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Sold-Tranche |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By Counterparty: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
North America |
|
$ |
600,000 |
|
|
$ |
(54,693 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
Europe |
|
|
4,400,000 |
|
|
|
(434,352 |
) |
|
|
4,700,000 |
|
|
|
(320,056 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
5,000,000 |
|
|
$ |
(489,045 |
) |
|
$ |
4,700,000 |
|
|
$ |
(320,056 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Sold-ABS (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By Reference Entity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
North America |
|
$ |
75,000 |
|
|
$ |
(57,183 |
) |
|
$ |
80,000 |
|
|
$ |
(48,682 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
75,000 |
|
|
$ |
(57,183 |
) |
|
$ |
80,000 |
|
|
$ |
(48,682 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By Counterparty: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
North America |
|
$ |
45,000 |
|
|
$ |
(34,096 |
) |
|
$ |
45,000 |
|
|
$ |
(24,418 |
) |
Europe |
|
|
30,000 |
|
|
|
(23,087 |
) |
|
|
35,000 |
|
|
|
(24,264 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
75,000 |
|
|
$ |
(57,183 |
) |
|
$ |
80,000 |
|
|
$ |
(48,682 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Purchased-Single Name |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By Reference Entity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
North America |
|
$ |
(16,610 |
) |
|
$ |
3,510 |
|
|
$ |
(25,410 |
) |
|
$ |
1,551 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
(16,610 |
) |
|
$ |
3,510 |
|
|
$ |
(25,410 |
) |
|
$ |
1,551 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By Counterparty: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Europe |
|
$ |
(16,610 |
) |
|
$ |
3,510 |
|
|
$ |
(25,410 |
) |
|
$ |
1,551 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
(16,610 |
) |
|
$ |
3,510 |
|
|
$ |
(25,410 |
) |
|
$ |
1,551 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
See note 6 Credit Events CDS on ABS for further
discussion. |
17
The table below shows the distribution of the Companys credit swap portfolio by year of
maturity as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 (in thousands). With respect to the credit swaps
sold-ABS caption below, the actual maturity date for any contract will vary depending on the level
of voluntary prepayments, defaults and interest rates with respect to the underlying mortgage
loans. As a result, the actual maturity date for any such contract may be earlier or later than the
estimated maturity indicated.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
Notional |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Notional |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Value |
|
Credit Swaps Sold-Single Name |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year of Maturity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
|
$ |
390,032 |
|
|
$ |
(1,010 |
) |
|
$ |
1,180,401 |
|
|
$ |
(302 |
) |
2009 |
|
|
2,801,191 |
|
|
|
(21,587 |
) |
|
|
2,723,618 |
|
|
|
(6,449 |
) |
2010 |
|
|
6,158,004 |
|
|
|
(129,693 |
) |
|
|
6,052,998 |
|
|
|
(56,037 |
) |
2011 |
|
|
3,043,533 |
|
|
|
(140,841 |
) |
|
|
2,953,911 |
|
|
|
(53,905 |
) |
2012 |
|
|
5,529,271 |
|
|
|
(142,100 |
) |
|
|
5,309,725 |
|
|
|
(60,119 |
) |
2013 |
|
|
1,194,730 |
|
|
|
(8,204 |
) |
|
|
40,000 |
|
|
|
(126 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
19,116,761 |
|
|
$ |
(443,435 |
) |
|
$ |
18,260,653 |
|
|
$ |
(176,938 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Sold-Tranche |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year of Maturity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2012 |
|
$ |
1,000,000 |
|
|
$ |
(27,704 |
) |
|
$ |
1,000,000 |
|
|
$ |
(6,204 |
) |
2013 |
|
|
350,000 |
|
|
|
(64,685 |
) |
|
|
350,000 |
|
|
|
(58,715 |
) |
2014 |
|
|
3,650,000 |
|
|
|
(396,656 |
) |
|
|
3,350,000 |
|
|
|
(255,137 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
5,000,000 |
|
|
$ |
(489,045 |
) |
|
$ |
4,700,000 |
|
|
$ |
(320,056 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps Sold-ABS (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year of Maturity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2010 |
|
$ |
10,000 |
|
|
$ |
(7,198 |
) |
|
$ |
10,000 |
|
|
$ |
(4,632 |
) |
2011 |
|
|
5,000 |
|
|
|
(3,535 |
) |
|
|
10,000 |
|
|
|
(6,368 |
) |
2012 |
|
|
15,000 |
|
|
|
(11,578 |
) |
|
|
15,000 |
|
|
|
(9,322 |
) |
2013 |
|
|
15,000 |
|
|
|
(10,261 |
) |
|
|
15,000 |
|
|
|
(9,443 |
) |
2014 |
|
|
20,000 |
|
|
|
(16,059 |
) |
|
|
20,000 |
|
|
|
(12,438 |
) |
2016 |
|
|
10,000 |
|
|
|
(8,552 |
) |
|
|
10,000 |
|
|
|
(6,479 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
75,000 |
|
|
$ |
(57,183 |
) |
|
$ |
80,000 |
|
|
$ |
(48,682 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Swaps
Purchased-Single Name |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year of Maturity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2012 |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(5,000 |
) |
|
$ |
383 |
|
2014 |
|
|
(16,610 |
) |
|
|
3,510 |
|
|
|
(20,410 |
) |
|
|
1,168 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
(16,610 |
) |
|
$ |
3,510 |
|
|
$ |
(25,410 |
) |
|
$ |
1,551 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
See note 6 Credit Events CDS on ABS for further discussion. |
18
5. Financial Instruments and Fair Value Disclosures
A significant number of the Companys financial instruments are carried at fair value with
changes in fair value recognized in earnings each period. Effective January 1, 2008, the Company
adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 157. Under this standard, fair value is defined as the price
that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction
between market participants at the measurement date (an exit price). In determining fair value, the
Company uses various valuation techniques. SFAS No. 157 establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in
measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of
unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available.
The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active
markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to valuation
techniques using unobservable inputs (Level 3). Observable inputs are inputs that market
participants would use in pricing the asset or liability that are based on market data obtained
from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs reflect the Companys estimates of the
assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best
information available in the circumstances. These valuations techniques involve some level of
management estimation and judgment. The degree to which managements estimation and judgment is
required is generally dependent upon the market price transparency for the instruments, the
availability of observable inputs, frequency of trading in the instruments and the instruments
complexity.
In measuring the fair market values of its financial instruments, the Company maximizes the
use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs based on the fair value
hierarchy established in SFAS No. 157. The hierarchy is categorized into three levels based on the
reliability of inputs as follows:
|
|
|
Level 1 Valuations based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical
assets or liabilities. |
The Companys cash and cash equivalents, which include deposits in banks and money market
accounts, are categorized within Level 1. The Company does not adjust the quoted prices for
such financial instruments.
|
|
|
Level 2 Valuations based on quoted prices in markets that are not considered to be
active; or valuations for which all significant inputs are observable or can be
corroborated by observable market data, either directly or indirectly. |
The Companys U.S. government agency obligations, commercial paper, single name credit
swaps and interest rate swap are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The
interest rate swap is included in other assets in the condensed consolidated statements of
financial condition.
|
|
|
Level 3 Valuations based on significant unobservable inputs that are supported by
little or no market activity. |
The Companys CLO investments, ABS bond, credit swaps sold on ABS and credit swaps -
tranches are categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.
19
Valuation Techniques Credit Swaps
The Companys fair value of its portfolio of single name, tranches and ABS credit swaps,
depends upon a number of factors, including:
|
|
|
The contractual terms of the swap contract, which include the Reference Entity, the
notional value, the maturity, the credit swap premium and the currency of the swap. |
|
|
|
|
Current market data, including credit swap premium levels pertinent to each Reference
Entity, market interest rates, foreign exchange rates, an estimate of mid-market prices to
exit prices, and for tranche transactions, estimates of the correlation of the underlying
Reference Entities within each tranche transaction to relevant credit swap indices. |
|
|
|
|
Valuation models, which are used to derive a fair value of credit swaps. Our valuation
models have been internally developed but are benchmarked against market-standard models. |
|
|
|
|
Consideration of the credit risk of our counterparties, as well as our own
nonperformance risk. SFAS No. 157 requires that our own nonperformance risk be considered
when determining the fair value of our liabilities, which include credit swaps. |
|
|
|
|
Fair value estimates of credit swaps from third party valuation services and/or credit
swap counterparties. |
In general, the most significant component of the credit swap valuation is the difference
between the contractual credit swap premium on the credit swaps we have transacted and the
comparable current market premium. The valuation process the company uses to obtain fair value
is described below:
|
|
|
For the single-name credit swaps, our valuation model uses mid-market credit swap
premium data obtained from an independent pricing service. The independent pricing service
obtains mid-market credit swap premium quotes from a number of dealers in the credit swap
market across a range of standard maturities and restructuring terms, and derives average
credit swap premium quotes on specific Reference Entities. We adjust the independent
mid-market credit swap premium quotes to derive exit price valuations. |
|
|
|
|
For tranche transactions, we obtain a mid-market valuation for each tranche transaction
using our tranche valuation model. The inputs to our valuation model include: current
credit swap premium quotes obtained from an independent pricing service on the Reference
Entities within the tranche, our traders estimate of correlation levels derived from
credit swap indices, current interest rates and estimated recovery values on the
securities issued by the underlying Reference Entities. We adjust the mid-market
valuations obtained from our model to exit price valuations, using quotes obtained from
our tranche counterparties. |
|
|
|
|
For credit swaps on ABS, we obtain mid-market valuations from an independent valuation
service and quotes from our counterparty. We adjust the mid-market valuations to obtain
exit price valuations. |
20
Valuation Techniques Other Financial Instruments
The Company uses the following valuation techniques to determine the fair value of its
other financial instruments:
|
|
|
For cash and cash equivalents, which include deposits in banks and money market
accounts, the fair value of these instruments is based upon quoted market prices. The
Company does not adjust the quoted price for such instruments. |
|
|
|
|
For U.S. government agency obligations and commercial paper, the fair value is based
upon observable quoted market prices and benchmarked to third party quotes. |
|
|
|
|
For the interest rate swap, the fair value is based upon observable market data
including contractual terms, market prices and interest rates and is benchmarked to
multiple third party quotes. |
|
|
|
|
For the ABS bond, the fair value is based upon a valuation from an independent
valuation service, which estimates the value of the bond by utilizing a valuation model.
This model incorporates projected cash flows, including default, prepayment, recovery and
interest rate data. |
|
|
|
|
For the two CLO investments, the fair value is based upon a valuation model which
includes observable inputs, where available. The model calculates the present value of
expected cash flows using our best estimates of the key assumptions, including forecasted
credit losses, prepayment rates, forward yield curves and discount rates commensurate with
the risk involved. The valuation is benchmarked to third party quotes. |
Fair Value Measurements
The Companys assets and liabilities recorded at fair value have been categorized based upon a
fair value hierarchy in accordance with SFAS No. 157.
As required under SFAS No. 157, the Company considers the effect of its nonperformance risk in
determining the fair value of its liabilities. The consideration of nonperformance risk resulted in
an adjustment of $369.4 million as of June 30, 2008, which reduced the fair value of the Companys
credit swap liabilities in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition and
increased net credit swap revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
21
The following fair value hierarchy table presents information about the Companys assets and
liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2008 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quoted Prices |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
in |
|
|
Significant |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Active Markets |
|
|
Other |
|
|
Significant |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets / |
|
|
|
for |
|
|
Observable |
|
|
Unobservable |
|
|
Counter- |
|
|
Liabilities |
|
|
|
Identical Assets |
|
|
Inputs |
|
|
Inputs |
|
|
party |
|
|
at Fair |
|
|
|
(Level 1) |
|
|
(Level 2) |
|
|
(Level 3) |
|
|
Netting (*) |
|
|
Value |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
80,383 |
|
|
$ |
223,475 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
303,858 |
|
Available-for-sale investments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
582,421 |
|
|
|
6,782 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
589,203 |
|
Unrealized gain on credit swaps |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,999 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,660 |
) |
|
|
339 |
|
Other assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
570 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
570 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Assets |
|
$ |
80,383 |
|
|
$ |
809,465 |
|
|
$ |
6,782 |
|
|
$ |
(2,660 |
) |
|
$ |
893,970 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized loss on credit swaps |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
442,924 |
|
|
$ |
546,228 |
|
|
$ |
(2,660 |
) |
|
$ |
986,492 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Liabilities |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
442,924 |
|
|
$ |
546,228 |
|
|
$ |
(2,660 |
) |
|
$ |
986,492 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(*) |
|
Represents the impact of counterparty netting across the levels of the fair value hierarchy.
Counterparty netting among positions classified within the same level is included in that level. |
The following table below provides a reconciliation for the Companys assets and liabilities
measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the
three and six months ended June 30, 2008 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
|
Available-for- |
|
|
Unrealized Loss |
|
|
Available-for- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sale |
|
|
on Credit |
|
|
Sale |
|
|
Unrealized Loss |
|
|
|
Investments |
|
|
Swaps |
|
|
Investments |
|
|
on Credit Swaps |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance, beginning of period |
|
$ |
7,021 |
|
|
$ |
(713,613 |
) |
|
$ |
9,657 |
|
|
$ |
(368,739 |
) |
Realized losses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,876 |
|
Unrealized gains (losses) |
|
|
(239 |
) |
|
|
167,385 |
|
|
|
(2,999 |
) |
|
|
(182,365 |
) |
Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
124 |
|
|
|
|
|
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance, end of period |
|
$ |
6,782 |
|
|
$ |
(546,228 |
) |
|
$ |
6,782 |
|
|
$ |
(546,228 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
22
Realized and unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 liabilities (unrealized loss on credit
swaps) are included in net credit swap revenue (loss) in the condensed consolidated statements of
operations. The above reconciliation does not include credit swap premiums collected during the
period. Unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 assets (available-for-sale investments) are recorded
in accumulated other comprehensive loss, which is a component of shareholders equity on the
condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
Fair Value Option
Effective January 1, 2008, SFAS No. 159 provides a fair value option election that allows
companies to irrevocably elect fair value as the initial and subsequent measurement attribute for
certain financial assets and liabilities, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings as they
occur. SFAS No. 159 permits the fair value option election on an instrument by instrument basis at
initial recognition of an eligible asset or eligible liability, that otherwise not accounted for at
fair value under other accounting standards. Upon adoption of SFAS No. 159, the Company did not
elect the fair value option on any of its existing eligible financial assets and liabilities.
Subsequent to the adoption of SFAS No. 159, the Company will consider and may elect fair value
option for eligible items that arise from new transactions or events.
6. Credit Events CDS on ABS
On January 30, 2008, S&P announced a change in their ratings methodology and assumptions
relating to CDOs and other structured products, including certain asset backed securities (ABS).
As a result of these changes, the S&P ratings on six residential mortgage backed securities
referenced by credit default swaps written by Primus Financial were downgraded to CCC (S&P) or
below.
Under the terms of our agreements governing the credit swaps on ABS, a downgrade of the
underlying ABS securities to CCC/Caa2 (S&P/Moodys) or below is considered a defined credit event.
Upon the occurrence of a defined credit event, a counterparty to the credit swap has the right to
present the underlying ABS, in whole or in part, to Primus Financial in exchange for the cash
notional value of the credit swap corresponding to the face amount of the securities presented
(Physical Settlement). If, following a defined credit event, no Physical Settlement occurs, a
counterparty may make a loss claim up to the cash notional value of the credit swap, in the event
of a principal write-down event, if any (Pay-As-You-Go). A principal write-down event occurs when
the ABS servicer determines that there is insufficient collateral to pay a portion or all of the
face value of the underlying securities. Any principal write-down claims by a counterparty will be
paid by Primus Financial up to the notional amount of the credit default swap.
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, of the six ABS credit swaps which were downgraded
to CCC (S&P) or below, one counterparty has physically settled by delivering to Primus Financial an
ABS with $5.0 million face amount and Primus Financial paid $5.0 million to the counterparty. That
swap was terminated as a result of the Physical Settlement and Primus Financial will no longer
receive swap premiums from the counterparty. As the owner of the ABS, Primus Financial is entitled
to receive payments of principal and interest thereon. At June 30, 2008, the notional principal
amount and the fair values of the remaining five credit swaps, which were downgraded to CCC (S&P)
were $40.0 million and $(31.4) million, respectively. At June 30, 2008, the notional principal
amount and the fair values on credit swaps sold on ABS, which had not been downgraded to CCC/Caa2
(S&P/Moodys) or below was $35.0 million and $(25.8) million, respectively. During the second
quarter of 2008, there were no further credit
events or payments made related to any principal write-down claims on credit swaps sold on
ABS.
23
7. Restructuring
During the fourth quarter of 2007, the Company decided to discontinue Harrier, due in part to
Harriers performance and difficulty in raising third-party capital, given the market environment
at that time. As a result of this decision, in the fourth quarter of 2007, the Company recorded
restructuring costs of $3.0 million. Of the total restructuring costs, approximately $2.2 million
was in connection with the write-off of certain software and technology assets and approximately
$0.8 million related to net costs of employee termination benefits.
At December 31, 2007, the balance of restructuring liabilities was approximately $1.7 million,
which consisted entirely of payments for employee termination benefits. All employee termination
benefits were paid by the end of the first quarter of 2008.
8. Earnings (Loss) per Share
Basic earnings (loss) per share (EPS) is calculated by dividing earnings (loss) available to
common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted EPS is
similar to basic EPS, but adjusts for the effect of the potential issuance of common shares. The
following table presents the computations of basic and diluted EPS (in thousands, except per share
data):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net earnings (loss) available
to common shareholders |
|
$ |
262,603 |
|
|
$ |
(21,516 |
) |
|
$ |
(407,475 |
) |
|
$ |
(31,234 |
) |
Weighted-average basic shares
outstanding |
|
|
45,225 |
|
|
|
45,012 |
|
|
|
45,166 |
|
|
|
44,588 |
|
Effect of dilutive instruments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share options |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted share units |
|
|
181 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Warrants |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dilutive potential shares |
|
|
181 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted-average diluted shares |
|
|
45,406 |
|
|
|
45,012 |
|
|
|
45,166 |
|
|
|
44,588 |
|
Basic EPS |
|
$ |
5.81 |
|
|
$ |
(0.48 |
) |
|
$ |
(9.02 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.70 |
) |
Diluted EPS |
|
$ |
5.78 |
|
|
$ |
(0.48 |
) |
|
$ |
(9.02 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.70 |
) |
24
For the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, approximately 1.6 million shares and 1.9
million shares, respectively, were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because to do so
would have been anti-dilutive for the periods presented.
For the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, approximately 2.7 million shares and 1.3
million shares, respectively, were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because to do so
would have been anti-dilutive for the periods presented.
9. Share-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for share-based compensation in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R),
Share-Based Payment (SFAS No. 123(R)). SFAS No. 123(R) requires the measurement and recognition
of compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors,
including share options and other forms of equity compensation based on estimated fair values.
Compensation expense is recognized based on the fair value of share options, performance
shares, restricted shares and restricted share units (RSU) as determined on the date of grant and
is being expensed over the related vesting periods. The fair value of the share options granted is
determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Upon the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R), the
Company continues to apply the Black-Scholes option-pricing model for determining the estimated
fair value for share-based payment awards as it deems it to be the most appropriate model. The use
of the Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires certain estimates for values of variables used
in the model. The fair value of each share option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the
Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Company did not grant any share options during the three
and six months ended June 30, 2008.
The following table is a summary of share options activity for the six months ended June 30,
2008:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
Number |
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
of |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Price |
|
Outstanding at December 31, 2007 |
|
|
1,311,624 |
|
|
$ |
11.61 |
|
Granted |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
Exercised |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
Forfeited |
|
|
(63,725 |
) |
|
$ |
11.87 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at June 30, 2008 |
|
|
1,247,899 |
|
|
$ |
11.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable at June 30, 2008 |
|
|
602,700 |
|
|
$ |
11.23 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
25
The following table summarizes the status of the Companys share options as of June 30,
2008:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share Options Outstanding |
|
|
Share Options Exercisable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
Number |
|
|
Remaining |
|
|
Average |
|
|
Number |
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
of |
|
|
Contractual |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
of |
|
|
Exercise |
|
Range of Exercise Prices |
|
Shares |
|
|
Life (Years) |
|
|
Price |
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Price |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$0.00 - $6.94 |
|
|
65,625 |
|
|
|
4.6 |
|
|
$ |
6.94 |
|
|
|
65,625 |
|
|
$ |
6.94 |
|
$6.95 - $9.76 |
|
|
113,125 |
|
|
|
5.6 |
|
|
$ |
9.76 |
|
|
|
113,125 |
|
|
$ |
9.76 |
|
$9.77 - $13.50 |
|
|
1,069,149 |
|
|
|
5.0 |
|
|
$ |
12.08 |
|
|
|
423,950 |
|
|
$ |
12.29 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
1,247,899 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
602,700 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company recorded share compensation expense, which includes share options and RSUs, of
approximately $2.6 million and $2.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007,
respectively. Share compensation expense is included in compensation and employee benefits in the
condensed consolidated statements of operations.
As of June 30, 2008, total unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to nonvested
share awards was $8.8 million. This expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted average
period of 1.4 years.
10. Comprehensive Income (Loss) and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Comprehensive income (loss) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 is as
follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
262,603 |
|
|
$ |
(21,516 |
) |
|
$ |
(407,475 |
) |
|
$ |
(31,234 |
) |
Foreign currency translation adjustments |
|
|
(15 |
) |
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
(61 |
) |
|
|
(5 |
) |
Change in net unrealized gains (losses)
on available-for-sale
investments |
|
|
(1,103 |
) |
|
|
(438 |
) |
|
|
(2,379 |
) |
|
|
208 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total comprehensive income (loss) |
|
$ |
261,485 |
|
|
$ |
(21,964 |
) |
|
$ |
(409,915 |
) |
|
$ |
(31,031 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
26
The following table summarizes the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss at June
30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at beginning of period |
|
$ |
(4,712 |
) |
|
$ |
(2,375 |
) |
Foreign currency translation adjustments |
|
|
(61 |
) |
|
|
(18 |
) |
Change in net unrealized losses on available-for-sale investments |
|
|
(2,379 |
) |
|
|
(2,319 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at end of period |
|
$ |
(7,152 |
) |
|
$ |
(4,712 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
27
Item 2. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following is a discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of
operations. This discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial
statements and accompanying notes which appear in the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K. It
contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could
differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various
factors, including those discussed below and in the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K,
particularly under Item 1A Risk Factors and the heading Cautionary Note Regarding
Forward-Looking Statements.
Business Overview
Primus Guaranty, Ltd. (Primus Guaranty or the Company) is a holding company that was
incorporated in Bermuda in 1998 and conducts business through its two principal operating
subsidiaries. Our principal business is acting as a seller of credit swaps through Primus Financial
Products, LLC (Primus Financial), a credit derivatives product company (CDPC) with AAA/Aaa
counterparty ratings by Standard & Poors Ratings Group (S&P) and Moodys Investors Service, Inc.
(Moodys), respectively. Primus Asset Management, Inc. (Primus Asset Management), one of our
other principal operating subsidiaries, acts as an investment manager to affiliated companies and
third party entities.
Primus Financial
Primus Financial is a CDPC with AAA/Aaa (S&P/Moodys) ratings. It is a seller of credit
swaps to banks and credit swap dealers, referred to as counterparties, against primarily
investment grade credit obligations of corporate and sovereign issuers. In exchange for a
fixed quarterly premium, Primus Financial agrees, upon the occurrence of a default or other
defined credit event (e.g., bankruptcy, failure to pay or restructuring) affecting a designated
issuer, referred to as a Reference Entity, to pay its counterparty an agreed upon notional
amount against delivery to Primus Financial of the Reference Entitys debt obligation in the
same notional amount. Credit swaps related to a single specified Reference Entity are referred
to as single name credit swaps. Primus Financial seeks to minimize the risk inherent in its
credit swap portfolio by maintaining a high quality, highly diversified credit swap portfolio
across Reference Entities, industries, countries and rating grades. Primus Financial monitors
the credit worthiness of Reference Entities in its credit swap portfolio on an ongoing basis.
As part of the risk management process, Primus Financial strives to take pro-active risk
mitigation actions.
In establishing business relationships, Primus Financials swap counterparties prior to
entering into a credit swap, generally analyze our financial condition and establish credit
limits. Counterparties monitor the appropriateness of these limits on an ongoing basis in order
to limit their risk that Primus Financial will not be able to meet its obligations. In turn,
Primus Financial manages its counterparty credit risk by selecting counterparties we believe to
be financially strong, by performing ongoing assessment of their credit worthiness and by
establishing and managing to prudent credit limits.
Primus Financial also sells credit swaps referencing portfolios containing obligations of
multiple Reference Entities, which are referred to as tranches and sells credit swaps referencing
residential mortgage-backed securities, which are referred to as ABS. Defined credit events
related to ABS may include any or all of the following: failure to pay principal, write-down in the
reference obligation and downgrades to CCC/Caa2 (S&P/Moodys) or below of the reference
obligation.
28
At June 30, 2008, Primus Financials credit swap portfolio was $24.2 billion, which includes
$19.1 billion of single name credit swaps, $5.0 billion of tranches and $75.0 million of credit
swaps on ABS.
Primus Asset Management
Primus Asset Management acts as an investment manager to affiliated companies and third party
entities. It currently manages the credit swap and cash investment portfolios of its affiliate,
Primus Financial. Primus Asset Management currently manages two CLOs. A CLO issues securities
backed by a diversified pool of primarily below investment grade rated senior secured loans of
corporations. Additionally, Primus Asset Management manages three investment grade collateralized
swap obligations (CSOs), on behalf of third parties. A CSO issues securities backed by one or
more credit swaps sold against a diversified pool of investment grade corporate or sovereign
reference entities. Primus Asset Management receives fees for its investment management services on
the five investment vehicles. In general, such management fees are calculated based on percentage
of assets under management, subject to applicable contractual terms. As of June 30, 2008, CLO and
CSO assets under management were approximately $1.5 billion. Primus Asset Management has entered
into a Services Agreement with its affiliates, whereby it provides services to its affiliates
including management, consulting and information technology.
PRS Trading Strategies/Harrier
As of December 31, 2007, PRS Trading was inactive, therefore, comparisons from the prior year
are not meaningful. As of March 31, 2008, Harrier ceased trading activities and closed all of its
remaining trading positions.
Net Credit Swap Revenue (Loss)
During the second quarter of 2008, we recorded net credit swap revenue of $271.0 million. This
was the result of a slight tightening of market credit swap premium levels and a favorable
nonperformance risk adjustment under SFAS No. 157. Changes in the fair value of our credit swap
portfolio are a function of the notional amount and composition of the portfolio and prevailing
market credit swap premiums for comparable credit swaps. In our experience, considerable
fluctuations may occur in the fair values of credit swaps from period to period and, as a result,
the reader of our financial statements should not infer future results from historical net credit
swap revenues or losses.
Net credit swap revenue (loss) in our condensed consolidated statements of operations,
comprises the premiums earned and expensed on credit swaps, gains or losses realized as a result of
the termination of credit swaps and changes in the fair value of our credit swaps. Primus
Financial generally sells credit swaps in order to earn premium income over the tenor of the
contract, generally five years. We receive premium income from the credit swaps we sell. In
general, premiums are received quarterly in arrears and are accrued daily into income.
In accordance with GAAP, we carry our credit swaps on our consolidated statements of financial
condition at their fair value. Changes in the fair value of our credit swap portfolio are included
as a component of net credit swap revenue in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
If a credit swap has an increase or decline in fair value during a period, the increase will add to
our net credit swap revenue and the decline will subtract from our net credit swap revenue for that
period.
29
Primus Financial enters into ISDA Master Agreements with its counterparties and aggregates its
transactions on a counterparty basis for presentation in our condensed consolidated statements of
financial condition. If the aggregate total of fair values for a counterparty is a net gain, the
total is recorded as a component of unrealized gains on credit swaps, at fair value, in our
condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. If the aggregate total of fair values
for a counterparty is a net loss, the total is recorded as a component of unrealized losses on
credit swaps, at fair value, in our condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
As a general rule, when Primus Financial sells credit swaps, it is our intention to maintain
the transaction until maturity. However, there are two sets of circumstances in which we could
elect to terminate transactions prior to maturity, and we monitor our portfolio on a continuing
basis to assess whether those circumstances are present. Terminations of credit swaps prior to
maturity may generate realized gains or losses.
First, whenever we receive new information suggesting that the credit quality of the
underlying risk has deteriorated to a material degree, we consider the possibility of terminating
the transaction, usually at a loss, to avoid a larger loss that could result if the credit swap
were to remain in place until a defined credit event occurs. The principal factor that governs our
decision regarding termination in these circumstances is whether we believe that the underlying
risk has become substantially greater than the level of risk we would choose to assume in entering
into a new sale of credit swaps. Since inception, we have terminated due to credit considerations
less than 2% of the notional amount of credit swaps sold.
Second, we may elect to terminate a transaction for reasons other than credit considerations.
Terminations of this type may generate realized gains or losses. In making a decision to terminate
a transaction for reasons other than credit considerations, we consider a number of different
factors, including our view as to whether the capital dedicated to the position could be profitably
reallocated to other opportunities over a short time horizon, the total size of our portfolio in
relation to our capital and the total size of our swap positions and exposures with a particular
counterparty. We refer to terminations effected under these circumstances as resizing or
rebalancing. Since inception, we have terminated less than 9% of the notional amount of credit
swaps sold, based on resizing or rebalancing considerations.
We may terminate a credit swap in one of two ways. We may negotiate an agreed termination
through the original counterparty (an unwind). We may negotiate an assignment and novation of our
rights and obligations under the credit swap to a third party (an assignment).
In the event of an unwind or assignment, we pay or receive a cash settlement negotiated with
the counterparty or assignee, based on the fair value of the credit swap contract and the accrued
premium on the swap contract at the time of negotiation. The amounts we pay or receive are
recorded as a realization of fair value and as a realization of accrued premiums in the period in
which the termination occurs.
30
Credit Event CDS on ABS
On January 30, 2008, S&P announced a change in their ratings methodology and assumptions
relating to CDOs and other structured products, including certain asset backed securities (ABS).
As a result of these changes, the S&P ratings on six residential mortgage backed securities
referenced by credit default swaps written by Primus Financial were downgraded to CCC (S&P) or
below.
Under the terms of our agreements governing the credit swaps on ABS, a downgrade of the
underlying ABS securities to CCC/Caa2 (S&P/Moodys) or below is considered a defined credit event.
Upon the occurrence of a defined credit event, a counterparty to the credit swap has the right to
present the underlying ABS, in whole or in part, to Primus Financial in exchange for the cash
notional value of the credit swap corresponding to the face amount of the securities presented
(Physical Settlement). If, following a defined credit event, no Physical Settlement occurs, a
counterparty may make a loss claim up to the cash notional value of the credit swap, in the event
of a principal write-down event, if any (Pay-As-You-Go). A principal write-down event occurs when
the ABS servicer determines that there is insufficient collateral to pay a portion or all of the
face value of the underlying securities. Any principal write-down claims will be paid by Primus
Financial up to the notional amount of the credit default swap.
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, of the six ABS credit swaps which were downgraded
to CCC (S&P) or below, one counterparty has physically settled by delivering to Primus Financial an
ABS with $5.0 million face amount and Primus Financial paid $5.0 million to the counterparty. That
swap was terminated as a result of the physical settlement and Primus Financial will no longer
receive swap premiums from the counterparty. As the owner of the ABS, Primus Financial is entitled
to receive payments of principal and interest thereon. At June 30, 2008, the notional principal
amount and the fair values of the remaining five credit swaps, which were downgraded to CCC (S&P)
were $40.0 million and $(31.4) million, respectively. At June 30, 2008, the notional principal
amount and the fair values on credit swaps sold on ABS, which had not been downgraded to CCC/Caa2
(S&P/Moodys) or below was $35.0 million and $(25.8) million, respectively. During the second
quarter of 2008, there were no further credit events or payments made related to any principal
write-down claims on credit swaps sold on ABS.
Income Taxes
Primus Guaranty, PRS Trading Strategies, Primus Bermuda and Primus Financial are not expected
to be engaged in the active conduct of a trade or business in the United States and as a result are
not expected to be subject to United States federal, state or local income tax. Primus Asset
Management is a United States domiciled corporation and is subject to United States federal, state
and local income tax on its income, including on fees received from Primus Financial. Primus Re may
be subject to United States federal, state or local income tax, or Primus Asset Management may be
required to include all or part of Primus Res income in calculating its liability for United
States federal, state or local income tax, depending on the manner in which Primus Re conducts its
business and the tax elections it makes. The maximum combined rate of United States federal, state
and local income tax that could apply to Primus Financial or Primus Bermuda, were they found to be
engaged in a United States business in New York City and subject to income tax, is approximately
46% (not including United States branch profits tax that would be imposed on Primus Bermuda were
Primus Financial deemed to be making distributions to Primus Bermuda). Primus Guaranty and certain
of its subsidiaries are currently undergoing federal tax audits, however, no audit has yet been
completed. For United States federal income tax purposes, Primus Guaranty and Primus Bermuda are
likely to be treated as PFICs.
31
Critical Accounting Policies
Valuation of Financial Instruments
A significant number of the Companys financial instruments are carried at fair value with
changes in fair value recognized in earnings each period. Effective January 1, 2008, the Company
adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 157. Under this standard, fair value is defined as the price
that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction
between market participants at the measurement date (an exit price). In determining fair value, the
Company uses various valuation techniques. SFAS No. 157 establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in
measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of
unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available.
The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active
markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to valuation
techniques using unobservable inputs (Level 3). Observable inputs are inputs that market
participants would use in pricing the asset or liability that are based on market data obtained
from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs reflect the Companys estimates of the
assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best
information available in the circumstances. These valuations techniques involve some level of
management estimation and judgment. The degree to which managements estimation and judgment is
required is generally dependent upon the market price transparency for the instruments, the
availability of observable inputs, frequency of trading in the instruments and the instruments
complexity.
In measuring the fair market values of its financial instruments, the Company maximizes the
use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs based on the fair value
hierarchy established in SFAS No. 157. The hierarchy is categorized into three levels based on the
reliability of inputs as follows:
|
|
|
Level 1 Valuations based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical
assets or liabilities. |
The Companys cash and cash equivalents, which include deposits in banks and money market
accounts, are categorized within Level 1. The Company does not adjust the quoted prices for
such financial instruments.
|
|
|
Level 2 Valuations based on quoted prices in markets that are not considered to be
active; or valuations for which all significant inputs are observable or can be
corroborated by observable market data, either directly or indirectly. |
The Companys U.S. government agency obligations, commercial paper, single name credit
swaps and interest rate swap are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The
interest rate swap is included in other assets in the condensed consolidated statements of
financial condition.
|
|
|
Level 3 Valuations based on significant unobservable inputs that are supported by
little or no market activity. |
The Companys CLO investments, ABS bond, credit swaps sold on ABS and credit swaps -
tranches are categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.
32
Nonperformance Risk Adjustment
As required under SFAS No. 157, the Company considers the effect of its nonperformance
risk in determining the fair value of its liabilities. The consideration of nonperformance risk
resulted in adjustments of $167.3 million and $369.4 million during the three and six months
ended June 30, 2008, respectively, which reduced the fair value of the Companys credit swap
liabilities in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition and increased net
credit swap revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Level 3 Assets and Liabilities
Level 3 assets, which include our two CLO investments and ABS bond were $6.8 million, or
0.8% of total assets measured at fair value at June 30, 2008. Level 3 liabilities, which
include our credit swap sold on ABS and tranches were $546.2 million, or 55% of total
liabilities measured at fair value at June 30, 2008. Our credit swap valuation techniques are
described below. See also note 5 of notes to condensed consolidated financial statements for
further discussion.
The following fair value hierarchy table presents information about the Companys assets
and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2008 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quoted Prices |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
in |
|
|
Significant |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Active Markets |
|
|
Other |
|
|
Significant |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets / |
|
|
|
for |
|
|
Observable |
|
|
Unobservable |
|
|
Counter- |
|
|
Liabilities |
|
|
|
Identical Assets |
|
|
Inputs |
|
|
Inputs |
|
|
party |
|
|
at Fair |
|
|
|
(Level 1) |
|
|
(Level 2) |
|
|
(Level 3) |
|
|
Netting (*) |
|
|
Value |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
80,383 |
|
|
$ |
809,465 |
|
|
$ |
6,782 |
|
|
$ |
(2,660 |
) |
|
$ |
893,970 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage of total
assets measured
at fair value |
|
|
9.0 |
% |
|
|
90.5 |
% |
|
|
0.8 |
% |
|
|
(0.3 |
%) |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
442,924 |
|
|
$ |
546,228 |
|
|
$ |
(2,660 |
) |
|
$ |
986,492 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage of total
liabilities
measured at fair
value |
|
|
|
|
|
|
44.9 |
% |
|
|
55.4 |
% |
|
|
(0.3 |
%) |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Valuation Techniques Credit Swaps
The Companys fair value of its portfolio of single name, tranches and ABS credit swaps,
depends upon a number of factors, including:
|
|
|
The contractual terms of the swap contract, which include the Reference Entity, the
notional value, the maturity, the credit swap premium and the currency of the swap. |
|
|
|
|
Current market data, including credit swap premium levels pertinent to each Reference
Entity, market interest rates, foreign exchange rates, an estimate of mid-market prices to
exit prices, and for tranche transactions, estimates of the correlation of the underlying
Reference Entities within each tranche transaction to relevant credit swap indices. |
33
|
|
|
Valuation models, which are used to derive a fair value of credit swaps. Our valuation
models have been internally developed but are benchmarked against market-standard models. |
|
|
|
|
Consideration of the credit risk of our counterparties, as well as our own
nonperformance risk. SFAS No. 157 requires that our own nonperformance risk be considered
when determining the fair value of our credit swaps. |
|
|
|
|
Fair value estimates of credit swap from third party valuation services and/or credit
swap counterparties. |
In general, the most significant component of the credit swap valuation is the difference
between the contractual credit swap premium on the credit swaps we have transacted and the
comparable current market premium. The valuation process the company uses to obtain fair value
is described below:
|
|
|
For the single-name credit swaps, our valuation model uses mid-market credit swap
premium data obtained from an independent pricing service. The independent pricing service
obtains mid-market credit swap premium quotes from a number of dealers in the credit swap
market across a range of standard maturities and restructuring terms, and derives average
credit swap premium quotes on specific Reference Entities. We adjust the independent
mid-market credit swap premium quotes to derive exit price valuations. |
|
|
|
|
For tranche transactions, we obtain a mid-market valuation for each tranche transaction
using our tranche valuation model. The inputs to our valuation model include: current
credit swap premium quotes obtained from an independent pricing service on the Reference
Entities within the tranche, our traders estimate of correlation levels derived from
credit swap indices, current interest rates and estimated recovery values on the
securities issued by the underlying Reference Entities. We adjust the mid-market
valuations obtained from our model to exit price valuations, using quotes obtained from
our tranche counterparties. |
|
|
|
|
For credit swaps on ABS, we obtain mid-market valuations from an independent valuation
service and quotes from our counterparty. We adjust the mid-market valuations to obtain
exit price valuations. |
34
Valuation Techniques Other Financial Instruments
The Company uses the following valuation techniques to determine the fair value of its
other financial instruments:
|
|
|
For cash and cash equivalents, which include deposits in banks and money market
accounts, the fair value of these instruments is based upon quoted market prices. The
Company does not adjust the quoted price for such instruments. |
|
|
|
|
For U.S. government agency obligations and commercial paper, the fair value is based
upon observable quoted market prices and benchmarked to third party quotes. |
|
|
|
|
For the interest rate swap, the fair value is based upon observable market data
including contractual terms, market prices and interest rates and is benchmarked to
multiple third party quotes. |
|
|
|
|
For the ABS bond, the fair value is based upon a valuation from an independent
valuation service, which estimates the value of the bond by utilizing a valuation model.
This model incorporates projected cash flows, including default, prepayment, recovery and
interest rate data. |
|
|
|
|
For the two CLO investments, the fair value is based upon a valuation model which
includes observable inputs, where available. The model calculates the present value of
expected cash flows using our best estimates of the key assumptions, including forecasted
credit losses, prepayment rates, forward yield curves and discount rates commensurate with
the risk involved. The valuation is benchmarked to third party quotes. |
Share-Based Employee Compensation Plans
The Company accounts for share-based compensation in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R),
Share-Based Payment (SFAS No. 123(R)). SFAS No. 123(R) requires the measurement and recognition
of compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors,
including share options and other forms of equity compensation based on estimated fair values.
Compensation expense is recognized based on the fair value of share options, performance
shares, restricted shares and restricted share units (RSU) as determined on the date of grant and
is being expensed over the related vesting periods. The fair value of the share options granted is
determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Upon the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R), the
Company continues to apply the Black-Scholes option-pricing model for determining the estimated
fair value for share-based payment awards as it deems it to be the most appropriate model. The use
of the Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires certain estimates for values of variables used
in the model.
35
Results of Operations
Three Months Ended June 30, 2008 Compared With Three Months Ended June 30, 2007
Overview
The challenging period for the global credit markets continued during the second quarter of
2008. Credit spreads remained wide as a result of a broad-based repricing of credit risk,
although we did observe that they were slightly tighter than at the end of the first quarter
of 2008. The credit markets also experienced high levels of volatility and a general lack of
liquidity. Additionally, the rating agencies continued to take actions with downgrades across
various sectors including banks, broker-dealers and monoline insurers, as well as structured credit
vehicles related to sub-prime mortgages.
During the second quarter of 2008, we saw a sharp reduction in the number of counterparties
willing to transact with us and our new credit swap business activity levels for the most part,
came to a halt. However, during the second quarter of 2008, we were able to transact with a
counterparty on an amendment of two of our mezzanine tranches, which improved the capital
subordination levels on those tranches. Our total notional credit swap portfolio decreased by
approximately $100 million due to terminations and maturities of $400 million, partially offset by
an increase by the tranche amendments of $300 million. Primus Financials total notional credit
swap portfolio was $24.2 billion at June 30, 2008, compared to $18.6 billion at June 30, 2007.
There were no new Primus Asset Management transactions during the quarter of 2008, as
generally, the structured credit investor was unwilling to commit new capital given the continued
turmoil in the credit markets. Our three managed CSOs experienced some ratings deterioration due to
their portfolio weightings in the financial sector. We took steps during the quarter to improve
subordination levels within these portfolios.
In addition, the lack of investor demand in the debt capital markets for auction rate
securities continued throughout the second quarter of 2008. As a result, our preferred securities
and deferrable interest notes continue to be set at the maximum spread rates over London Interbank
Offered Rate (LIBOR), at the current rating levels.
Our net income (loss) for the second quarter of 2008 was $262.6 million compared with $(21.5)
million for the second quarter of 2007. Net income (loss) during the quarters are significantly
impacted by unrealized gains (losses) from the mark-to-market of our credit swap portfolio, as
discussed below.
Net credit swap premiums earned were $27.2 million in the second quarter of 2008, compared
with $20.3 million in the second quarter of 2007. The increase in net premiums is attributable to
the growth of our portfolio of credit swaps sold and higher new transaction premium levels.
Interest income on our portfolio of investments was $6.3 million in the second quarter of
2008, compared with $10.3 million in the second quarter of 2007. The decrease is primarily due to
lower market interest rates in 2008, partially offset by higher invested balances during the
period.
Interest expense and distributions on preferred securities issued by Primus Financial were
$5.9 million in the second quarter of 2008, compared with $6.8 million in the second quarter of
2007. The decrease is primarily due to lower LIBOR rates, partially offset by the impact of the
LIBOR rate plus the maximum spread rates, as discussed above.
Our operating expenses were $9.8 million in the second quarter of 2008, compared with $10.3
million in the second quarter of 2007. The decrease in operating expenses was principally due to
cost-cutting initiatives which the company put in place during 2008. The largest component of our
operating expenses is employee compensation, which includes salaries,
benefits, accrual for incentive bonuses and share compensation. Incentive bonuses and share
compensation awards are significantly impacted by the performance of the company.
36
Net Credit Swap Revenue (Loss)
Consolidated net credit swap revenue (loss) was $271.0 million and $(16.0) million for the
three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
The table below shows the Companys consolidated net credit swap revenue (loss), which is
generated primarily by Primus Financial for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Primus Financial |
|
$ |
270,990 |
|
|
$ |
(15,484 |
) |
Harrier/PRS Trading |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(511 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total consolidated net credit swap revenue (loss) |
|
$ |
270,990 |
|
|
$ |
(15,995 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net credit swap revenue (loss) for Primus Financial is discussed below.
Net Credit Swap Revenue Primus Financial
Net credit swap revenue (loss) was $271.0 million and $(15.5) million for the three months
ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Net credit swap revenue (loss) includes:
|
|
|
Net premiums earned; |
|
|
|
|
Net realized gains (losses) on credit swaps; and |
|
|
|
|
Net unrealized gains (losses) on credit swaps. |
The table below shows the components of net credit swap revenue (loss) for the three months
ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Net premiums earned |
|
$ |
27,239 |
|
|
$ |
20,176 |
|
Net realized gains (losses) on credit swaps |
|
|
(898 |
) |
|
|
521 |
|
Net unrealized gains (losses) on credit swaps |
|
|
244,649 |
|
|
|
(36,181 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net credit swap revenue (loss) |
|
$ |
270,990 |
|
|
$ |
(15,484 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
37
Net Premiums Earned Primus Financial
Net premiums earned were $27.2 million and $20.2 million for the three months ended June 30,
2008 and 2007, respectively. Net premiums earned include:
|
|
|
Premium income on single name credit swaps sold; |
|
|
|
|
Premium income on tranches sold; |
|
|
|
|
Premium income on credit swaps sold on asset backed securities (ABS); and |
|
|
|
|
Net premium income on credit swaps undertaken to offset credit risk. |
The table below shows the components of net premiums earned for the three months ended June
30, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Premium income on single name credit swaps sold |
|
$ |
21,809 |
|
|
$ |
17,415 |
|
Premium income on tranches sold |
|
|
5,147 |
|
|
|
2,633 |
|
Premium income on credit swaps sold on ABS |
|
|
273 |
|
|
|
128 |
|
Net premium income on credit swaps undertaken
to offset credit risk |
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net premiums earned |
|
$ |
27,239 |
|
|
$ |
20,176 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Premium income on single name credit swaps sold was $21.8 million and $17.4 million during the
three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The increase was primarily due to the
growth of our single name credit swap portfolio and higher new transaction premium levels. The
average notional amounts outstanding of single name credit swaps sold were $19.3 billion and $15.5
billion for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Premium income from tranches sold was $5.1 million and $2.6 million for the three months ended
June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The increase was primarily due to the growth of our tranche
portfolio. The average notional amount of tranches outstanding was $4.8 billion and $2.3 billion
for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Premium income on credit swaps sold on ABS was $273 thousand and $128 thousand during the
three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The average notional amount of credit
swaps sold on ABS outstanding was $75.0 million and $58.3 million for the three months ended June
30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Net Realized Gains (Losses) on Credit Swaps Primus Financial
Realized gains (losses) for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 are summarized below
(in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Realized gains on terminated credit swaps sold |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
1,771 |
|
Realized losses on terminated credit swaps sold |
|
|
(898 |
) |
|
|
(1,250 |
) |
Total net realized gains (losses) on credit swaps |
|
$ |
(898 |
) |
|
$ |
521 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
38
Net realized gains (losses) on the early termination of credit swaps sold were $(898) thousand
and $521 thousand for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. We terminated
$10.0 million and $257.0 million notional amount of credit swaps sold during the three months ended
June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The realized losses incurred during the three months ended
June 30, 2008 and 2007 were primarily the result of our decision to reduce our exposure to a
limited number of Reference Entities against which we had sold credit protection. The realized
gains incurred during the three months ended June 30, 2007 were primarily the result of rebalancing
our credit swap portfolio.
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Credit Swaps Primus Financial
Unrealized gains (losses) on credit swaps sold for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and
2007 are summarized below (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Net unrealized gains (losses) on credit swaps sold |
|
$ |
76,873 |
|
|
$ |
(13,317 |
) |
Net unrealized gains (losses) on tranches sold |
|
|
172,416 |
|
|
|
(18,142 |
) |
Net unrealized losses on credit swaps sold on ABS |
|
|
(5,030 |
) |
|
|
(4,722 |
) |
Net unrealized gains on credit swaps undertaken to
offset credit risk |
|
|
390 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net unrealized gains (losses) on credit swaps |
|
$ |
244,649 |
|
|
$ |
(36,181 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
39
Net unrealized gains (losses) on credit swaps were $244.6 million and $(36.2) million for the
three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The change in unrealized gains (losses)
on credit swaps reflects the change in the fair value of our credit swap portfolio during these
periods. During the second quarter of 2008, we recorded a favorable nonperformance risk adjustment
under SFAS No. 157, as previously discussed in our nonperformance risk adjustment caption under
valuation of financial instruments in the critical accounting policies section. The unrealized loss
on credit swaps for the second quarter of 2007 is primarily due to rising credit market premiums on
the portfolio of credit swaps during that period.
Asset Management and Advisory Fees
We earned $1.1 million and $625 thousand of asset management and advisory fees for the three
months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The increase was primarily due to asset
management fees related to Primus CLO II, Ltd., which was completed on July 10, 2007.
Primus Asset Management acts as collateral manager for two CLOs. Under the terms of the
collateral management agreements, Primus Asset Management receives management fees quarterly for
managing the selection, acquisition and disposition of the underlying collateral and for monitoring
the underlying collateral, subject to the terms of the agreement.
In addition, Primus Asset Management manages three investment grade CSOs, on behalf of third
parties. Two of our CSO asset management contracts also provide for the receipt of contingent
performance fees at the maturity of the contracts, none of which has been earned or accrued at June
30, 2008 or 2007, respectively.
Interest Income
We earned interest income of $6.3 million and $10.3 million for the three months ended June
30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The decrease in interest income is attributable to lower yields on
our investment portfolio, partially offset by higher average invested balances. The decrease in
yields is attributable to generally lower short-term market rates of interest.
Weighted average yields on our cash, cash equivalents and investments were 2.88% in the three
months ended June 30, 2008 compared with 5.06% for the three months ended June 30, 2007.
The table below presents a comparison of our interest income for the three months ended June
30, 2008 and 2007 to our total cash, cash equivalents, available-for-sale and trading account
securities at June 30, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Interest income |
|
$ |
6,319 |
|
|
$ |
10,316 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
303,858 |
|
|
$ |
189,715 |
|
Available-for-sale and trading account securities |
|
|
589,203 |
|
|
|
635,188 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cash, cash equivalents, available-for-sale
and trading account securities |
|
$ |
893,061 |
|
|
$ |
824,903 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
40
Other Trading Revenue
During the three months ended June 30, 2008, we did not record other trading revenues as PRS
Trading/Harrier had ceased trading. During the three months ended June 30, 2007, Harrier/PRS
Trading Strategies recorded other trading revenues of $708 thousand. This amount excluded
Harrier/PRS Trading Strategies net credit swap loss of $511 thousand for the three months ended
June 30, 2007. Other trading revenues during that period comprised the net trading gains from
Harrier/PRS Trading Strategies total return swaps, loan warehousing and trading activities.
Foreign currency revaluation loss
We transact credit swaps denominated in U.S. dollars and euros. Euro-denominated credit swaps
comprised 44% of the notional amount of our Primus Financial single name credit swaps sold
portfolio at June 30, 2008. We sell the majority of our euro premium receipts as they are received
for U.S dollars, retaining only a small working cash balance in euros. During the three months
ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, we recorded $102 thousand and $63 thousand, respectively, in foreign
currency revaluation losses.
Operating Expenses
Our operating expenses were $9.8 million and $10.3 million for the three months ended June 30,
2008 and 2007, respectively, as summarized below (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Compensation and employee benefits |
|
$ |
5,964 |
|
|
$ |
5,972 |
|
Professional and legal fees |
|
|
1,281 |
|
|
|
1,463 |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
334 |
|
|
|
370 |
|
Technology and data |
|
|
900 |
|
|
|
1,078 |
|
Other |
|
|
1,300 |
|
|
|
1,410 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
$ |
9,779 |
|
|
$ |
10,293 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of full-time employees, at end of period |
|
|
50 |
|
|
|
60 |
|
The largest component of our operating expenses is employee compensation, which includes
salaries, benefits, accrual for incentive bonuses and share compensation. Incentive bonuses and
share compensation awards are significantly impacted by the performance of the company.
Compensation expense for the three months ended June 30, 2008 remained relatively flat over the
comparable prior period. A reduction in headcount resulted in lower salary costs, which was offset
by higher accrued performance based incentives and share compensation expense. Our accrued cash
incentive compensation expense was $2.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008, compared
with an accrued expense of $2.0 million for the corresponding prior period. Share compensation
expense was approximately $1.3 million and $1.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008
and 2007, respectively.
Professional and legal fees expense includes audit and tax advisor fees, legal costs,
recruitment fees and director and officer insurance expense. The decrease in professional and
legal fees is primarily due to lower legal, consulting fees and employee recruiting costs.
41
Depreciation and amortization expense decreased primarily as a result of the write-off of
certain software and technology assets in connection with Harriers discontinuation during the
fourth quarter of 2007.
The decrease in technology and data expense was primarily attributable to reduced technology
services.
Other operating expenses include rent, bank fees, rating agency fees, brokerage expense,
travel and entertainment, exchange fees and other administrative expenses. The decrease in other
expenses was primarily due to cost-cutting initiatives.
Interest Expense and Preferred Distributions
The lack of investor demand in the debt capital markets for auction rate securities continued
throughout the second quarter of 2008, and as a result, our preferred securities and deferrable
interest notes continued to be set at the maximum spread rates over LIBOR, at the current rating
levels.
For the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, we recorded $4.0 million and $4.9 million
of interest expense, respectively. The decrease in interest expense was primarily due to lower
LIBOR rates applicable in the second quarter of 2008, compared with the second quarter of 2007.
This favorable effect was partially offset by the impact of maximum spread rates in the second
quarter of 2008. In the second quarter of 2007, auctions of our preferred securities and deferrable
interest notes set at spread rates below the maximum spread rates. Interest expense includes the
interest expense on our $125 million, 7% senior notes issued in December 2006 and the associated
interest rate swap, as discussed below. The decline in LIBOR rates in the second quarter of 2008
had the effect of reducing the net interest expense on these senior notes. The average interest
rate was 4.89% and 5.98% for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
In February 2007, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement with a major
financial institution that effectively converted a notional amount of $75 million of the Companys
$125 million, 7% senior notes due in December 2036, to floating rate debt based on the three month
LIBOR rate plus 0.96%.
Primus Financial also made net distributions of $1.9 million and $2.0 million during the three
months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, on the Primus Financial Cumulative Preferred
Securities issued in December 2002. The decrease in net distributions was primarily due to lower
LIBOR rates, largely offset by the maximum spread rates set on our preferred securities in the
second quarter of 2008. The average interest rate on these securities was 7.77% and 7.84% for the
three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Income Taxes
Provision (benefit) for income taxes was zero and (4) thousand for the three months ended June
30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Primus Guaranty had a net deferred tax asset, fully offset by a
valuation allowance, of $9.2 million and $8.4 million as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007,
respectively. The change in the deferred tax asset and valuation allowance resulted primarily from
Primus Asset Managements estimated net operating loss and share compensation expense. It is
expected that only the income of Primus Asset Management and its subsidiary, Primus Re, are likely
to be subject to United States federal and local income taxes. However, were Primus Bermuda to be
subject to income tax, at a combined United States federal, New York State and New York City income
tax rate of 46%, on its United States GAAP income or
loss, then its income tax expense or (benefit), excluding interest and penalties, would have
been approximately $118.5 million and $(8.3) million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and
2007, respectively. These figures assume that Primus Financial is not deemed to be making
distributions to Primus Bermuda; such distributions would subject Primus Bermuda to an additional
United States federal branch profits tax.
42
Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 Compared With Six Months Ended June 30, 2007
Overview
Our net loss for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was $(407.5) million compared with $(31.2)
million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. The net loss during the first six months of 2008
was primarily due to higher unrealized losses from the mark-to-market of our credit swap portfolio
as compared with lower unrealized losses from the mark-to-market of our credit swap portfolio
during the comparable period of 2007. Net credit swap premiums earned were $54.6 million in the
first six months of 2008, compared with $38.8 million in the comparable period of 2007. The
increase in net premiums is attributable to the growth in our portfolio of credit swaps sold and
higher new transaction premium levels. Our operating expenses were $19.8 million in the six months
ended June 30, 2008, compared with $20.3 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007. Overall,
operating expenses decreased primarily as a result of cost-cutting initiatives.
Net Credit Swap Revenue (Loss)
Consolidated net credit swap loss was $(392.6) million and $(20.9) million for the six months
ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
The table below shows the Companys consolidated net credit swap revenue (loss), which is
generated primarily by Primus Financial for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Primus Financial |
|
$ |
(393,337 |
) |
|
$ |
(19,164 |
) |
Harrier/PRS Trading |
|
|
712 |
|
|
|
(1,708 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total consolidated net credit swap revenue (loss) |
|
$ |
(392,625 |
) |
|
$ |
(20,872 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of March 31, 2008, Harrier ceased trading activities and closed all of its remaining
trading positions. During the six months ended June 30, 2008, net credit swap revenue for Harrier
primarily consisted of realized gains on the terminations of its remaining credit swap positions
outstanding at December 31, 2007. Net credit swap loss for Harrier/PRS Trading Strategies primarily
consisted of mark-to-market unrealized losses on its credit swap portfolio during the six months
ended June 30, 2007.
43
Net credit swap revenue (loss) for Primus Financial is discussed below.
Net Credit Swap Loss Primus Financial
Net credit swap loss was $(393.3) million and $(19.2) million for the six months ended June
30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Net credit swap revenue (loss) includes:
|
|
|
Net realized gains (losses) on credit swaps; and |
|
|
|
Net unrealized gains (losses) on credit swaps. |
The table below shows the components of net credit swap loss for the six months ended June 30,
2008 and 2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Net premiums earned |
|
$ |
54,534 |
|
|
$ |
38,577 |
|
Net realized losses on credit swaps |
|
|
(5,747 |
) |
|
|
(228 |
) |
Net unrealized losses on credit swaps |
|
|
(442,124 |
) |
|
|
(57,513 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net credit swap loss |
|
$ |
(393,337 |
) |
|
$ |
(19,164 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Premiums Earned Primus Financial
Net premiums earned were $54.5 million and $38.6 million for the six months ended June 30,
2008 and 2007, respectively. Net premiums earned include:
|
|
|
Premium income on single name credit swaps sold; |
|
|
|
Premium income on tranches sold; |
|
|
|
Premium income on credit swaps sold on asset backed securities (ABS); and |
|
|
|
Net premium income on credit swaps undertaken to offset credit risk. |
The table below shows the components of net premiums earned for the six months ended June 30,
2008 and 2007 (in thousands).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Premium income on single name credit swaps sold |
|
$ |
43,693 |
|
|
$ |
34,408 |
|
Premium income on tranches sold |
|
|
10,270 |
|
|
|
4,001 |
|
Premium income on credit swaps sold on ABS |
|
|
553 |
|
|
|
168 |
|
Net premium income on credit swaps undertaken
to offset credit risk |
|
|
18 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net premiums earned |
|
$ |
54,534 |
|
|
$ |
38,577 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Premium income on single name credit swaps sold was $43.7 million and $34.4 million during the
six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The increase was primarily due to the growth
of our single name credit swap portfolio. The average notional amounts outstanding of single name
credit swaps sold were $19.4 billion and $15.4 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and
2007, respectively.
44
Premium income from tranches sold was $10.3 million and $4.0 million for the six months ended
June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The increase was primarily due to the growth of our tranche
credit swap portfolio. The average notional amount of tranches outstanding was $4.8 billion and
$1.6 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Premium income on credit swaps sold on ABS was $553 thousand and $168 thousand during the six
months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The average notional amount of credit swaps sold
on ABS outstanding was $75.8 million and $42.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and
2007, respectively.
Net Realized Gains (Losses) on Credit Swaps Primus Financial
Realized gains (losses) for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 are summarized below
(in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Realized gains on terminated credit swaps sold |
|
$ |
24 |
|
|
$ |
2,015 |
|
Realized losses on terminated credit swaps sold |
|
|
(5,775 |
) |
|
|
(2,243 |
) |
Net realized gains on terminated credit swaps
undertaken to offset credit risk |
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net realized losses on credit swaps |
|
$ |
(5,747 |
) |
|
$ |
(228 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net realized losses on the early termination of credit swaps sold were $5.7 million and $228
thousand for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. We terminated $60.6 million
and $358.7 million notional amount of credit swaps sold during the six months ended June 30, 2008
and 2007, respectively. The realized losses incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2008 were
primarily the result of the credit event on one of our credit swap sold on ABS as previously
discussed. Realized gains incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 were
primarily the result of rebalancing our credit swap portfolio. The realized losses incurred during
the six months ended June 30, 2007 were primarily the result of our decision to reduce our exposure
to a limited number of reference entities against which we had sold credit protection.
45
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Credit Swaps Primus Financial
Unrealized gains (losses) on credit swaps sold for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007
are summarized below (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Net unrealized losses on credit swaps sold |
|
$ |
(265,388 |
) |
|
$ |
(21,359 |
) |
Net unrealized losses on tranches sold |
|
|
(168,989 |
) |
|
|
(30,305 |
) |
Net unrealized losses on credit swaps sold on ABS |
|
|
(8,501 |
) |
|
|
(5,849 |
) |
Net unrealized gains on credit swaps undertaken
to offset credit risk |
|
|
754 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net unrealized losses on credit swaps |
|
$ |
(442,124 |
) |
|
$ |
(57,513 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net unrealized losses on credit swaps were $(442.1) million and $(57.5) million for the six
months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The change in unrealized losses on credit swaps
reflects the change in the fair value of our credit swap portfolio during these periods. As
previously discussed, we continued to experience a significantly widening of market credit swap
premium levels as a result of the substantial re-pricing of credit risk, which led to the
unrealized losses on our credit swap portfolio. The unrealized loss on credit swaps for the six
months ended June 30, 2007 is primarily due to rising credit market premiums on the portfolio of
credit swaps during the period.
Asset Management and Advisory Fees
We earned $2.2 million and $1.3 million of asset management and advisory fees for the six
months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The increase was primarily due to asset
management fees related to Primus CLO II, Ltd., which was completed on July 10, 2007.
Primus Asset Management acts as collateral manager for two CLOs. Under the terms of the
collateral management agreements, Primus Asset Management receives management fees quarterly for
managing the selection, acquisition and disposition of the underlying collateral and for monitoring
the underlying collateral, subject to the terms of the agreement.
In addition, Primus Asset Management manages three investment grade CSOs, on behalf of third
parties. Two of our CSO asset management contracts also provide for the receipt of contingent
performance fees at the maturity of the contracts, none of which has been earned or accrued at June
30, 2008 or 2007, respectively.
Interest Income
We earned interest income of $15.5 million and $20.3 million for the six months ended June 30,
2008 and 2007, respectively. The decrease in interest income is attributable to lower yields on our
investment portfolio, partially offset by higher average invested balances. The decrease in yields
is attributable to generally lower short-term market rates of interest.
Weighted average yields on our cash, cash equivalents and investments were 3.57% in the six
months ended June 30, 2008 compared with 5.01% for the six months ended June 30, 2007.
46
The table below presents a comparison of our interest income for the six months ended June 30,
2008 and 2007 to our total cash, cash equivalents, available-for-sale and trading account
securities at June 30, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Interest income |
|
$ |
15,513 |
|
|
$ |
20,293 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
303,858 |
|
|
$ |
189,715 |
|
Available-for-sale and trading account securities |
|
|
589,203 |
|
|
|
635,188 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cash, cash equivalents, available-for-sale
and trading account securities |
|
$ |
893,061 |
|
|
$ |
824,903 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Trading Revenue
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, we did not record other trading revenues as Harrier
had ceased trading activity. During the six months ended June 30, 2007, Harrier/PRS Trading
Strategies recorded other trading revenues of $2.0 million. These amounts exclude Harrier/PRS
Trading Strategies net credit swap loss of $1.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007, as
discussed under net credit swap revenue (loss) caption. Other trading revenues during that period
comprised of the net trading gains from Harrier/PRS Trading Strategies total return swaps, loan
warehousing and trading activities.
Foreign currency revaluation loss
We transact credit swaps denominated in U.S. dollars and euros. Euro-denominated credit swaps
comprised 44% of the notional amount of our Primus Financial single name credit swaps sold
portfolio at June 30, 2008. We sell the majority of our euro premium receipts as they are received
for U.S dollars, retaining only a small working cash balance in euros. During the six months ended
June 30, 2008 and 2007, we recorded $127 thousand and $12 thousand, respectively, in foreign
currency revaluation losses.
Operating Expenses
Our operating expenses were $19.8 million and $20.3 million for the six months ended June 30,
2008 and 2007, respectively, as summarized below (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Compensation and employee benefits |
|
$ |
12,155 |
|
|
$ |
11,976 |
|
Professional and legal fees |
|
|
2,304 |
|
|
|
2,439 |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
663 |
|
|
|
947 |
|
Technology and data |
|
|
2,011 |
|
|
|
1,955 |
|
Other |
|
|
2,623 |
|
|
|
2,945 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
$ |
19,756 |
|
|
$ |
20,262 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of full-time employees, at end of period |
|
|
50 |
|
|
|
60 |
|
47
The largest component of our operating expenses is employee compensation, which includes
salaries, benefits, accrual for incentive bonuses and share compensation. Incentive bonuses and
share compensation awards are significantly impacted by the performance of the
company. Compensation expense for the six months ended June 30, 2008 increased by
approximately $0.2 million over the comparable prior period. Overall, the increase was primarily
the result of higher accrued performance based incentives and share compensation expense, partially
offset by a reduction in salary costs related to the decrease in headcount. Our accrued cash
incentive compensation expense was $4.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008, compared
with an accrued expense of $4.0 million for the corresponding prior period. Share compensation
expense was approximately $2.6 million and $2.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and
2007, respectively.
Professional and legal fees expense includes audit and tax advisor fees, legal costs,
recruitment fees and director and officer insurance expense. The decrease in professional and
legal fees is primarily due to lower employee recruiting costs, partially offset by higher legal
and consulting fees.
Depreciation and amortization expense decreased primarily as a result of the write-off of
certain software and technology assets in connection with Harriers discontinuation during the
fourth quarter of 2007. The increase in technology and data expense was primarily attributable to
cancellation fees on terminated technology service contracts.
Other operating expenses include rent, bank fees, rating agency fees, brokerage expense,
travel and entertainment, exchange fees and other administrative expenses. The decrease in other
expenses was primarily due to cost-cutting initiatives.
Interest Expense and Preferred Distributions
The lack of investor demand in the debt capital markets for auction rate securities continued
throughout the first half of 2008, and as a result, our preferred securities and deferrable
interest notes continued to be set at the maximum spread rates over LIBOR, at the current rating
levels.
For the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, we recorded $8.9 million and $9.7 million of
interest expense, respectively. Interest expense decreased primarily as a result of lower LIBOR
rates applicable in the first half of 2008, compared to prior year comparable period. This
favorable effect was partially offset by the impact of maximum spread rates in the first half of
2008. During the first half of 2007, auctions of our preferred securities and deferrable interest
notes set at spread rates below the maximum spread rates. Interest expense includes the interest
expense on our $125 million, 7% senior notes issued in December 2006 and the associated interest
rate swap, as discussed below. The decline in LIBOR rates during the first half of 2008 had the
effect of reducing the net interest expense on these notes. The average interest rate was 5.45% and
5.98% for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
In February 2007, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement with a major
financial institution that effectively converted a notional amount of $75 million of the Companys
$125 million, 7% senior notes due in December 2036, to floating rate debt based on the three month
LIBOR rate plus 0.96%.
Primus Financial also made net distributions of $3.7 million and $3.9 million during the six
months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, on the Primus Financial Cumulative Preferred
Securities issued in December 2002. The decrease in net distributions was primarily due to lower
LIBOR rates, offset by the maximum spread rates set on our preferred securities during the first
half of 2008. The average interest rate on these securities was 7.49% and 7.72% for the six months
ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
48
Income Taxes
Provision for income taxes was $49 thousand and $52 thousand for the six months ended June 30,
2008 and 2007, respectively. Primus Guaranty had a net deferred tax asset, fully offset by a
valuation allowance, of $9.2 million and $8.4 million as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007,
respectively. The change in the deferred tax asset and valuation allowance resulted primarily from
Primus Asset Managements estimated net operating loss and share compensation expense. It is
expected that only the income of Primus Asset Management and its subsidiary, Primus Re, are likely
to be subject to United States federal and local income taxes. However, were Primus Bermuda to be
subject to income tax, at a combined United States federal, New York State and New York City income
tax rate of 46%, on its United States GAAP income or loss, then its income tax expense or
(benefit), excluding interest and penalties, would have been approximately $(184.3) million and
$(11.8) million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. These figures assume
that Primus Financial is not deemed to be making distributions to Primus Bermuda; such
distributions would subject Primus Bermuda to an additional United States federal branch profits
tax.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures Economic Results
In addition to the results of operations presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted
accounting principles (GAAP), our management and our Board of Directors use certain non-GAAP
financial measures called Economic Results. We believe that our Economic Results provide
information useful to investors in understanding our underlying operational performance and
business trends. Economic Results is an accrual based measure of our financial performance, which
in our view, better reflects our long-term buy and hold strategy in our credit protection business.
However, Economic Results is not a measurement of financial performance or liquidity under GAAP,
therefore, these non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered as an alternative or
substitute for GAAP.
We define Economic Results as GAAP net income (loss) adjusted for the following:
|
|
|
Unrealized gains (losses) on credit swaps sold by Primus Financial are excluded from
GAAP net income (loss); |
|
|
|
Realized gains from early termination of credit swaps sold by Primus Financial are
excluded from GAAP net income (loss) and; |
|
|
|
Realized gains from early termination of credit swaps sold by Primus Financial are
amortized over the period that would have been the remaining life of the credit swap, and
that amortization is added to GAAP net income (loss); |
|
|
|
Provision for credit events. |
We exclude unrealized gains (losses) on credit swaps sold because quarterly changes in the
fair value of our credit swap portfolio do not necessarily cause us to take any specific actions
relative to any Reference Entity or group of Reference Entities. We manage our portfolio based on
our assessment of credit fundamentals with a general strategy of holding credit swaps to maturity.
At maturity, the mark to market values would revert to zero, to the extent no realized gains or
losses had occurred. Additionally, changes in the fair value of our credit swap portfolio have no
impact on our liquidity as we do not provide counterparties with collateral or our credit ratings
as our capital models do not consider it as part of determining capital sufficiency. We exclude
realized gains on credit swaps sold because our strategy is focused on generation of
premium income as opposed to trading gains and losses, although we amortize these realized
gains over the original remaining life of the terminated contracts.
49
The following table below presents a reconciliation of our Economic Results (non GAAP
measures) to GAAP:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GAAP net income (loss) |
|
$ |
262,603 |
|
|
$ |
(21,516 |
) |
|
$ |
(407,475 |
) |
|
$ |
(31,234 |
) |
Adjustments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less: Change in unrealized fair value of
credit swaps sold (gain) loss by Primus
Financial |
|
|
(244,649 |
) |
|
|
36,181 |
|
|
|
442,124 |
|
|
|
57,513 |
|
Less: Realized gains from early
termination of credit swaps sold by Primus
Financial |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,771 |
) |
|
|
(24 |
) |
|
|
(2,015 |
) |
Add: Amortization of realized gains from
the early termination of credit swap sold
by Primus Financial |
|
|
548 |
|
|
|
2,000 |
|
|
|
1,280 |
|
|
|
3,833 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less: Provision for credit events |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(189 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Add: Deduction against provision for
credit events |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,875 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Economic Results |
|
$ |
18,502 |
|
|
$ |
14,894 |
|
|
$ |
40,591 |
|
|
$ |
28,097 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Economic Results earnings per diluted share |
|
$ |
0.41 |
|
|
$ |
0.33 |
|
|
$ |
0.90 |
|
|
$ |
0.63 |
|
Economic Results weighted average common
shares outstanding diluted |
|
|
45,406 |
|
|
|
45,197 |
|
|
|
45,219 |
|
|
|
44,988 |
|
In the fourth quarter of 2007, we created a provision of $40.9 million in our Economic Results
for credit events that occurred in January 2008 with respect to six credit swap transactions in the
portfolio of CDS of ABS. During the first quarter of 2008, one counterparty delivered to Primus
Financial an ABS security with a $5 million face amount and Primus Financial paid $5 million to the
counterparty. That swap was terminated as a result of the Physical Settlement and Primus Financial
will no longer receive credit swap premiums from the counterparty. As the owner of the ABS, Primus
Financial is entitled to receive payments of principal and interest thereon. Based on the value of
the delivered bond at its delivery date, we increased the provision by an additional $189 thousand
in the first quarter of 2008.
Economic Results earnings per diluted share is calculated by dividing net economic results by
the weighted average number of common shares adjusted for the potential issuance of common shares
(dilutive securities).
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements (as such term is defined in Item 303 of
Regulation S-K) that are reasonably likely to have a current or future material effect on our
financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations,
liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
50
Contractual Obligations
The following table summarizes our contractual obligations at June 30, 2008 and the effect
that those obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flows in future periods (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payment Due by Period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More than |
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
1 Year |
|
|
1-3 Years |
|
|
3-5 Years |
|
|
5 Years |
|
Property leases |
|
$ |
9,301 |
|
|
$ |
1,256 |
|
|
$ |
2,512 |
|
|
$ |
2,453 |
|
|
$ |
3,080 |
|
7% senior notes |
|
|
125,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
125,000 |
|
Interest on 7% senior notes (b) |
|
|
249,278 |
|
|
|
8,750 |
|
|
|
17,500 |
|
|
|
17,500 |
|
|
|
205,528 |
|
Subordinated deferrable interest
notes |
|
|
200,000 |
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
(a) |
|
|
200,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
583,579 |
|
|
$ |
10,006 |
|
|
$ |
20,012 |
|
|
$ |
19,953 |
|
|
$ |
533,608 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Payments on the subordinated deferrable interest notes for the next five years cannot be
determined, as the notes are auction rate obligations. |
|
(b) |
|
Net interest payments on the $125 million, 7% senior notes will vary due to the interest rate
swap agreement. |
Property leases: Primus Financial currently occupies approximately 17,500 square feet of
office space at 360 Madison Avenue, New York, New York, at a fixed yearly rental (subject to
certain escalations specified in the lease). In 2006, Primus Financial amended the original lease
to extend its term to 2016 and add approximately 5,500 square feet of additional space. In
addition, in 2006, we leased approximately 2,900 square feet of office space in London under a
lease that expires in 2012. There are no material restrictions imposed by our lease agreements and
the leases are categorized as operating leases.
We have no other material long-term contractual obligations.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Capital Strategy
Our consolidated cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale investments were $893.1 million
and $860.3 million as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. Since its inception,
Primus Guaranty has raised both debt and equity capital and has contributed capital to its
operating subsidiaries. Primus Guaranty is a holding company with no direct operations of its own,
and as such, it is largely dependent upon the ability of its operating subsidiaries to generate
cash to service its debt obligations and working capital needs.
In order to support its AAA/Aaa ratings, Primus Financial is required to maintain capital in
an amount determined by the capital models it has agreed upon with S&P and Moodys. The capital
required is primarily a function of Primus Financials credit swap portfolio characteristics,
operating expenses and tax position. Retained cash flow and proceeds from financings are utilized
to increase our capital resources to support our credit swap business. Primus Financials capital
resources are available to support counterparty claims to the extent there is a defined credit
event on a Reference Entity in its portfolio. Primus Financial does not provide collateral to its
counterparties. Counterparties have no right to demand capital from Primus Financial resulting from
changes in fair value on its credit swap portfolio. At June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, Primus
Financial had cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale investments of $796.5 million
and $749.5 million, respectively, which management believes is sufficient to operate its
credit swap business.
51
Primus Financial receives cash from the receipt of credit swap premiums, realized gains from
the early termination of credit swaps, interest income earned on our investment portfolio and
capital raising activities. Cash is used to pay operating and administrative expenses, premiums on
credit swaps purchased, realized losses from the early termination of credit swaps, interest on
debt and preferred share distributions.
Cash Flows
Cash flows from operating activities Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
was $38.5 million and $(320.6) million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007,
respectively. The increase is primarily attributable to higher premium income on a larger credit
swap portfolio during the first six months of 2008 compared with the first six months of 2007.
During the first six months of 2007, the decrease was due to our consolidation of the warehouse
loans held for securitization.
Cash flows from investing activities Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
was $26.7 million and $(33.3) million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007,
respectively. The increase was primarily due to our available-for-sale-investments maturing during
the first six months of 2008 compared with the first six months of 2007.
Cash flows from financing activities Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
was $(3.9) million and $339.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007,
respectively. The change is primarily due to our consolidation of the SPE warehouse loan funding
and proceeds received from the exercise of warrants by XL Insurance (Bermuda) Ltd., during the
first six months of 2007.
With our current capital resources and anticipated future credit swap premium receipts and
interest income, we believe we have sufficient liquidity to pay our operating expenses and debt
service obligations (including preferred distributions) over at least the next twelve months.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 157, Fair
Value Measurements (SFAS No. 157). SFAS No.157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for
measuring fair value in GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157
is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. Effective January 1, 2008, we
adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 157. For additional information and discussion, see note 5 of
notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
52
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and
Liabilities (SFAS No. 159). SFAS No. 159 provides a fair value option election that allows
companies to irrevocably elect fair value as the initial and subsequent measurement attribute for
certain financial assets and liabilities, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings as they
occur. SFAS No. 159 permits the fair value option election on an instrument by instrument basis at
initial recognition of an asset or liability or upon an event that gives rise to a new basis of
accounting for that instrument. SFAS No. 159 is effective as of the beginning of an entitys first
fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007. Effective January 1, 2008, we adopted the
provisions of SFAS No. 159. The adoption of SFAS No. 159 did not have a material impact on our
condensed consolidated financial statements. For additional information and
discussion, see note 5 of notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and
Hedging Activities, an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 (SFAS No. 161). SFAS No. 161 is
intended to improve transparency in financial reporting by requiring enhanced disclosures of an
entitys derivative instruments and hedging activities and their effects on the entitys financial
position, financial performance, and cash flows. SFAS No.161 applies to all derivative instruments
within the scope of SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
(SFAS No. 133). It also applies to non-derivative hedging instruments and all hedged items
designated and qualifying as hedges under SFAS No. 133. SFAS No. 161 is effective prospectively for
financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008. The Company will
adopt SFAS No. 161 in the first quarter of 2009. The Company is currently evaluating the disclosure
requirements that adoption of SFAS No. 161 will have on its condensed consolidated financial
statements. However, since SFAS No. 161 requires only additional disclosures concerning derivatives
and hedging activities, adoption of SFAS No. 161 will not affect the Companys financial condition,
results of operations or cash flows.
53
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This quarterly report of Primus Guaranty includes statements that are not historical or
current facts and are forward-looking statements made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of
the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The words believe, anticipate, project,
plan, expect, intend, will likely result, looking forward or will continue, and similar
expressions identify forward-looking statements. These statements are subject to certain
assumptions, risks and uncertainties, which change over time and that could cause actual results to
differ materially from historical performance and those presently anticipated or projected. Primus
Guaranty cautions readers not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, which
speak only to their respective dates. The following are some of the factors that could affect
financial performance or could cause actual results to differ materially from estimates contained
in or underlying the Companys forward-looking statements:
|
|
|
fluctuations in the economic, credit, interest rate or foreign
currency environment in the United States and abroad; |
|
|
|
the level of activity within the national and international credit and capital markets; |
|
|
|
the level of activity in the leveraged buyout and private equity markets; |
|
|
|
competitive conditions and pricing levels; |
|
|
|
change in rating agency requirements or methodology; |
|
|
|
counterparty limits and risk; |
|
|
|
legislative and regulatory developments; |
|
|
|
technological developments; |
|
|
|
changes in international or national political or economic conditions,
including any terrorist attacks; |
|
|
|
uncertainties that have not been identified at this time. |
The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly correct or update any forward-looking
statement.
54
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Market risk represents the potential for gains or losses that may result from changes in the
value of a financial instrument as a consequence of changes in market conditions. Our primary
market risk is changes in market credit swap premium levels, which increase or decrease the fair
value of our credit swap portfolio. Market credit swap premium levels change as a result of
specific events or news related to a Reference Entity, such as a change in a credit rating by any
of the rating agencies. Additionally, market credit swap premium levels can vary as a result of
changes in market sentiment. As a general matter, given our strategy of holding credit swaps sold
until maturity, we do not seek to manage our overall exposure to market credit swap premium levels,
and we expect fluctuations in the fair value of our credit swap portfolio as a result of these
changes. As of June 30, 2008, each ten basis point increase or decrease in market credit swap
premiums would decrease or increase the fair value of our credit swap portfolio by approximately
$70.5 million.
We face other market risks, which are likely to have a lesser impact upon our net income than
those associated with market credit swap premium level risk. These other risks include interest
rate risk associated with market interest rate movements. These movements may affect the value of
our credit swap portfolio as our pricing model includes an interest rate component, which is used
to discount future expected cash flows. Interest rate movements may also affect the carrying value
of and yield on our investments. The Primus Financial Cumulative Preferred Shares pays
distributions that are based upon the auction rate preferred market. A difference between the rates
we pay in the auction rate preferred market and the interest rates we receive on our investments
may result in an additional cost to our company. Assuming that auction results with respect to the
Primus Financial Cumulative Preferred Shares reflect prevailing short-term interest rates, each 25
basis point increase or decrease in the level of those rates would increase or decrease Primus
Financials annual distribution cost by approximately $125,000 for each of the Series A and Series
B MMP Receipts. In addition, interest rate movements may increase or decrease the interest expense
we incur on our $200 million of subordinated deferrable interest notes. A 25 basis point increase
in the level of those rates would increase Primus Financials interest expense by $500,000
annually.
In February 2007, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement with a major
financial institution that effectively converted a notional amount of $75 million of the Companys
$125 million, 7% senior notes due in December 2036, to floating rate debt based on the three month
LIBOR rate plus a spread as defined in the agreement. Assuming a 25 basis point increase or
decrease in the three month LIBOR rate, our interest expense would increase or decrease by $187,500
annually.
55
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
The Company has carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of
the Companys management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the
effectiveness of disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to rules 13a-15 and 15-15d promulgated
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as of the end of the period covered by this
report. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer
concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance
that all material information relating to the company required to be filed in this report have been
made known to them in a timely fashion. There have been no changes in internal control over
financial reporting that occurred during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially
affected, or are reasonably likely to affect, internal control over financial reporting.
The Companys management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial
Officer, does not expect that the Companys disclosure controls or its internal controls can
prevent all errors and all fraud. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact
that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to
their costs. As a result of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of
controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any,
within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that
judgments in decision-making are faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or
mistake. As a result of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements
due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected. Accordingly, the Companys disclosure controls
and procedures are designed to provide reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the disclosure
controls and procedures are met.
Part II. Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
In the ordinary course of operating our business, we may encounter a significant risk of
litigation from time to time. However, we are not party to or currently aware of any material
pending litigation.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
There have not been any material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in our
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
56
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
On April 30, 2008, we held our 2008 Annual General Meeting of Shareholders. At the meeting,
the following matters were submitted to a vote of our shareholders.
(1) The election of three Class III directors to serve three-year terms expiring at the Annual
General Meeting in 2011 and until their successors have been duly elected and qualified.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For |
|
|
Withheld |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nominee directors: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Paul S. Giordano |
|
|
37,194,090 |
|
|
|
2,598,993 |
|
Robert R. Lusardi |
|
|
37,199,803 |
|
|
|
2,593,280 |
|
John A. Ward, III |
|
|
37,201,603 |
|
|
|
2,591,480 |
|
(2) The approval of the Primus Guaranty, Ltd. Amended and Restated Incentive Compensation
Plan.
|
|
|
|
|
For |
|
|
34,245,503 |
|
Against |
|
|
1,537,567 |
|
Abstain |
|
|
15,531 |
|
(3) The re-appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as the Companys independent auditors for the
fiscal year ending December 31, 2008 and to authorize the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors
to set the auditors remuneration.
|
|
|
|
|
For |
|
|
39,761,800 |
|
Against |
|
|
22,419 |
|
Abstain |
|
|
8,864 |
|
Item 6. Exhibits
|
|
|
|
|
|
12 |
|
|
Ratio of Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred Share Dividend Requirements |
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.1 |
|
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.2 |
|
|
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
32 |
|
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C.
Section 1350, as adopted by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
57
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused
this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
|
|
|
|
|
|
PRIMUS GUARANTY, LTD.
|
|
|
/s/ Richard Claiden
|
|
|
Richard Claiden |
|
|
Chief Financial Officer
(Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial Officer) |
|
Date:
August 8, 2008
58
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
No. |
|
Description |
|
|
|
|
|
|
12 |
|
|
Ratio of Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred Share Dividend Requirements |
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.1 |
|
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.2 |
|
|
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
32 |
|
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C.
Section 1350, as adopted by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
59