U.S. SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
|
Washington, D.C.
20549
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FORM
N-2
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R REGISTRATION
STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
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£ PRE-EFFECTIVE
AMENDMENT NO.
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£ POST-EFFECTIVE
AMENDMENT NO.
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and
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R REGISTRATION
STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF
1940
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R AMENDMENT NO.
5
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The
Cushing MLP Total Return Fund
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(Exact
Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
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3300
Oak Lawn Avenue
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Suite 650
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Dallas,
TX 75219
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(Address
of Principal Executive Offices)
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(214) 692-6334
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(Registrant’s
Telephone Number, including Area Code)
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Jerry
V. Swank
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The
Cushing MLP Total Return Fund
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3300
Oak Lawn Avenue
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Suite 650
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Dallas,
TX 75219
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(Name
and Address of Agent for Service)
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Copies
to:
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Philip
H. Harris
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Skadden,
Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP
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Four
Times Square
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New
York, NY 10036
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(212)
735-3000
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Approximate Date of Proposed
Public Offering: As soon as practicable after the
effective date of this Registration Statement.
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If
any of the securities being registered on this form will be offered on a
delayed or continuous basis in reliance on Rule 415 under the
Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered in connection with a
dividend reinvestment plan, check the following box. £
|
It
is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate
box)
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£ when
declared effective pursuant to section 8(c)
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If
appropriate, check the following box:
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£ This
[post-effective] amendment designates a new effective date for a
previously filed [post-effective amendment] [registration
statement].
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£ This
Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant
to Rule 462 (b) under the Securities Act and the Securities Act
registration number of the earlier effective registration statement for
the same offering
is .
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Proposed
Maximum
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Proposed
Maximum
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|||
Amount
Being
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Offering
Price Per
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Aggregate
Offering
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Amount
of
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Title
of Securities Being Registered
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Registered
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Unit
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Price(1)
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Registration
Fee
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CoCommon
Shares, $0.001 par value per share
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[ ]
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$[ ]
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$1,000,000
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$39.30
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(1)
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Estimated
pursuant to Rule 457 solely for the purpose of determining the
registration fee.
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Items in Part A and B of
Form N-2
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Location in
Prospectus
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||
1.
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Outside
Front Cover
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Outside
Front Cover Page of Prospectus
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2.
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Cover
Pages, Other Offering Information
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Inside
Front and Outside Back Cover Page of Prospectus
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3.
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Fee
Table and Synopsis
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Prospectus
Summary; Summary of Fund Expenses
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4.
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Financial
Highlights
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Financial
Highlights
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5.
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Plan
of Distribution
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Prospectus
Summary
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6.
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Selling
Stockholders
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Not
Applicable
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7.
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Use
of Proceeds
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Prospectus
Summary; Use of Proceeds
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8.
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General
Description of the Registrant
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Outside
Front Cover Page of Prospectus; Prospectus Summary; The Fund; The Fund’s
Investments; Principal Risks of the Fund; Investment Restrictions;
Description of Shares
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9.
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Management
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Prospectus
Summary; Management of the Fund; Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage;
Description of Shares; Other Service Providers
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10.
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Capital
Stock, Long-Term Debt, and other Securities
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Distributions;
Dividend Reinvestment Plan; Description of Shares; Tax
Matters
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11.
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Defaults
and Arrears on Senior Securities
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Not
Applicable
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12.
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Legal
Proceedings
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Not
Applicable
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13.
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Table
of Contents of the Statement of Additional Information
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Not
Applicable
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14.
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Cover
Page
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Not
Applicable
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15.
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Table
of Contents
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Not
Applicable
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16.
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General
Information and History
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Prospectus
Summary; The Fund
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17.
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Investment
Objective and Policies
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Prospectus
Summary; Investment Objective and Policies; The Fund’s Investments;
Investment Restrictions
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18.
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Management
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Prospectus
Summary; Management of the Fund
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19.
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Control
Persons and Principal Holders of Securities
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Management
of the Fund
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20.
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Investment
Advisory and Other Services
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Prospectus
Summary; Management of the Fund; Other Service
Providers
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21.
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Portfolio
Managers
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Management
of the Fund
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22.
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Brokerage
Allocation and Other Practices
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Portfolio
Transactions and Brokerage
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23.
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Tax
Status
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Tax
Matters
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24.
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Financial
Statements
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Financial
Statements
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Subject
to completion dated March 27, 2008
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Prospectus
dated [ ], 2008
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The
Cushing MLP Total Return Fund
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COMMON
SHARES
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________________
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________________
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Price to
Public
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Sales Load
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Estimated
Offering
Expenses
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Proceeds to
the Fund
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|||||
Per Share
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$
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$
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$
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$
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||||
Total
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$
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$
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$
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$
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Prospectus Summary
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7 |
Summary of Fund Expenses
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37 |
The Fund
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39 |
Use of Proceeds
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39 |
Investment Objective and Policies
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39 |
The Fund’s Investments
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41 |
Principal Risks of the Fund
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49 |
Investment Restrictions
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66 |
Management of the Fund
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67 |
Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage
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73 |
Net Asset Value
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74 |
Distributions
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74 |
Dividend Reinvestment Plan
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75 |
Description of Shares
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76 |
Anti-Takeover Provisions in the Agreement and Declaration of
Trust
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78 |
Certain Provisions of Delaware Law, the Agreement and Declaration of Trust
and Bylaws
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79 |
Closed-end
Fund Structure
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80 |
Repurchase of Common Shares
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81 |
Tax Matters
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81 |
Other Service Providers
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86 |
Codes of Ethics
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86 |
Proxy Voting Policy and Proxy Voting Record
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87 |
Legal Matters
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87 |
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
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87 |
Additional Information
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87 |
PROSPECTUS
SUMMARY
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This is only a summary. This
summary does not contain all of the information that an investor should consider
before investing in the Fund’s common shares. You should review the more detailed
information contained in this prospectus. In particular, you should carefully read the
risks of investing in the common shares, as discussed under “Principal Risks of the
Fund.”
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The Fund
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The
Cushing MLP Total Return Fund is a recently organized, non-diversified,
closed-end management investment company registered under the 1940 Act.
Throughout this prospectus, The Cushing MLP Total Return Fund is referred
to simply as the “Fund” or as “we,” “us” or “our.” See “The
Fund.”
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The
Offering
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The
Fund is offering [ ] shares of beneficial interest
at $[ ] per share. It is currently anticipated
that two or fewer investors will participate in the offering and that no
underwriters will be involved. The common shares of beneficial
interest are called “common shares” in the rest of this prospectus. You
must purchase at least 100 common shares in order to participate in this
offering. Investors must pay for common shares by
[ ], 2008. The Investment Adviser has
paid the organizational expenses of the Fund and the Fund will pay its own
expenses in connection with this offering. The Fund estimates
that it will incur approximately $[ ] in expenses in
connection with this offering. See “Fund
Expenses.”
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NYSE
Listed
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The
Fund's common shares are listed for trading on the NYSE, under the symbol
"SRV." As of March 1, 2008, the Fund had 8,755,236 common
shares, par value $.001 per share, outstanding. As of March 19,
2008, the last reported sale price of a Fund share on the NYSE was
$15.89.
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Who May Want to
Invest
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Investors
should consider their own investment goals, time horizon and risk
tolerance before investing in the Fund. An investment in the Fund may not
be appropriate for all investors and is not intended to be a complete
investment program. The Fund may be an appropriate investment for you if
you are seeking:
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● |
The
opportunity for an attractive total return through capital appreciation
and current income, in a fund managed by an experienced team of portfolio
and investment professionals.
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● |
Low
correlation with broader equity or fixed income markets.
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● |
Exposure
to a growing sub-sector of the natural resource universe which benefits
from a tax-advantaged structure, and which owns and operates integral
infrastructure energy assets that are essential in meeting the growing
demand from energy producers and consumers.
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● |
Access
through a single investment vehicle to a portfolio of public, PIPE, and
private securities issued by MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies
(not otherwise available to the general public) researched and sourced by
experienced investment professionals at Swank Energy Income Advisors,
LP.
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However,
an investment in the Fund involves certain associated investment risks.
See “Principal Risks of the Fund.”
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An Investment in the Fund vs.
Direct Investment in MLPs
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The
Investment Adviser believes that an investment in the Fund has certain
advantages over direct investment in MLPs, such as:
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● |
Exposure
to the MLP asset class through an investment vehicle that will provide
common shareholders with a single IRS form 1099. Direct investors in
MLPs receive an IRS schedule K-1 from each MLP in which they
invest.
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● |
Access
to an investment vehicle that will not require shareholders to file state
income tax returns in any state in which such investor is not otherwise
required to file a tax return. Direct investors in an MLP are considered
limited partners and may be required to file state income tax returns in
each state in which the MLP operates.
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● |
Ability
for the Fund’s common shareholders that are tax-exempt investors to avoid
having
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the
Fund’s distributions classified as unrelated business taxable income
(“UBTI”), unless such investor’s common shares are debt-financed. A
portion of income received by tax-exempt investors directly from MLPs is
generally treated as UBTI.
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|||
● |
Ability
for non-U.S. shareholders to avoid being directly subject to regular
net based U.S. federal income tax and return filing requirements with
respect to investments in MLPs, provided such non-U.S. shareholder’s
investment in the Fund is not effectively connected with the conduct of a
trade or business in the United States by such shareholder.
Non-U.S. shareholders would be subject to regular net based
U.S. federal income tax on income from direct investments in master
limited partnerships treated as effectively connected with a
U.S. trade or business.
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● |
Ability
for the Fund’s common shareholders to not be limited by the Code’s passive
activity loss rules with respect to any losses resulting from the purchase
and sale of common shares, as the Fund is taxed as a corporation. The
passive activity loss rules limit the ability of certain direct investors
in MLPs to use their allocable share of any losses generated by an MLP to
offset income from other activities.
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Investment Objective and
Policies
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The
Fund’s investment objective is to obtain a high after-tax total return
from a combination of capital appreciation and current income. There can
be no assurance that the Fund’s investment objective will be achieved. The
Fund intends to focus its investments in MLPs with operations in the
development, production, processing, refining, transportation, storage and
marketing of natural resources.
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● |
The
Fund will generally seek to invest in 20 to 30 issuers with generally no
more than 10% of Managed Assets in any one issue, and no more than 15% of
Managed Assets in any one issuer (for purposes of this limit, an “issuer”
includes both the master limited partnership or limited liability company,
as well as its controlling general partner or managing member), in each
case, determined at the time of investment. For purposes of this
calculation, an “issue” is a class of an issuer’s securities or a
derivative security that tracks that class of securities. Among other
things, the Investment Adviser will use fundamental and proprietary
research to seek to identify the most attractive MLPs and will seek to
invest in MLPs that have distribution growth prospects that, in the
Investment Adviser’s view, are high relative to comparable MLPs and that
are not fully reflected in current pricing. The Investment Adviser
believes that the MLPs most likely to offer such attractive investment
characteristics are those that are relatively small and have proven and
motivated management teams that are able to develop projects organically
(“greenfield” or internally developed) and/or to successfully identify,
acquire and integrate assets and companies that enhance value to
shareholders. As part of the Fund’s 80% MLP investment policy, the
Investment Adviser will also seek to invest in MLPs or other entities that
hold the general partner or managing member interest and incentive
distribution rights in master limited partnerships (“GP MLPs”). The
Investment Adviser believes the distribution growth prospects of many GP
MLPs are high relative to many other master limited partnerships and the
Investment Adviser will seek to invest in GP MLPs where the Investment
Adviser believes that such growth is not fully reflected in current
pricing. Like master limited partnerships with strong distribution growth
prospects, GP MLPs with strong growth prospects often trade at prices
which result in relatively low current yields. Since the Investment
Adviser will seek to maximize total return through a focus on master
limited partnerships and GP MLPs with strong distribution growth
prospects, the Investment Adviser believes the distribution yield of the
Fund will be lower than it would be under a more diversified investment
approach.
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● |
The
Investment Adviser will seek to invest in IPOs and secondary market
issuances, PIPE transactions and privately negotiated transactions,
including pre-acquisition and pre-IPO equity issuances and investments in
private companies.
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● |
The
Fund will seek to achieve its investment objective by investing, under
normal market conditions, at least 80% of its net assets, plus any
borrowings for investment purposes, in
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MLP
investments. Entities commonly referred to as “MLPs” are taxed as
partnerships for federal income tax purposes, and are generally organized
under state law as limited partnerships or limited liability companies. If
publicly traded, MLPs must derive at least 90% of their gross income from
qualifying sources as described in Section 7704 of the Code. For
purposes of the Fund’s 80% policy, “MLP investments” are investments that
offer economic exposure to public and private MLPs in the form of common
or subordinated units issued by MLPs, securities of entities holding
primarily general partner or managing member interests in MLPs, debt
securities of MLPs, and securities that are derivatives of interests in
MLPs.
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|||
● |
The
Fund may invest up to 50% of its Managed Assets in securities of MLPs and
Other Natural Resource Companies that are not publicly traded, or that are
otherwise restricted securities. For purposes of this limitation,
“restricted securities” include (i) registered securities of public
companies subject to a lock-up period greater than 30 days,
(ii) unregistered securities of public companies with registration
rights until such securities are registered for resale by the Fund, or
until they become freely tradable with the passage of time, and
(iii) securities of companies that have no class of registered or
publicly offered securities (“privately held” companies). The Fund does
not intend to invest more than 25% of its Managed Assets in securities of
privately held companies.
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||
● |
The
Fund may invest up to 20% of its Managed Assets in securities of companies
that are not MLPs, including Other Natural Resource Companies, and U.S.
and non-U.S. issuers that may not constitute Other Natural Resource
Companies. These investments may include securities such as partnership
interests, limited liability company interests or units, trust units,
common stock, preferred stock, convertible securities, warrants and
depositary receipts, debt securities, exchange traded notes (“ETNs”)
(typically, unsecured, unsubordinated debt securities that trade on a
securities exchange and are designed to replicate the returns of market
benchmarks minus applicable fees), and securities issued by investment
companies registered under the 1940 Act including exchange traded funds
(“ETFs”). The Investment Adviser anticipates that the Fund will generally
invest in ETFs or ETNs that focus their investments on the energy natural
resources, utility, real estate or banking industries.
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||
● |
The
Fund may invest up to 20% of its Managed Assets in debt securities of
MLPs, Other Natural Resource Companies and other issuers. Any securities
issued by MLPs, including debt securities, will count towards the Fund’s
80% MLP investment policy.
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||
Each
percentage limitation applicable to the Fund’s portfolio described in this
prospectus applies only at the time of investment in the asset to which
the percentage limitation applies, and the Fund will not be required to
sell securities due to subsequent changes in the value of the securities
it owns. The Fund may invest in companies of any market
capitalization.
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|||
At
the time of this offering, the Fund does not intend to invest directly in
commodities, although the Fund’s investments in some MLPs will expose it
to risks similar to risks arising from investing in
commodities.
|
|||
The
Fund may, but is not required to, write, purchase or sell put or call
options on securities, equity or fixed-income indices or other
instruments, write, purchase or sell futures contracts or options on
futures, or enter into various transactions such as swaps, caps, floors or
collars (collectively, “Strategic Transactions”).
|
|||
The
Fund’s investment objective and percentage parameters, including its 80%
MLP investment policy, are not fundamental policies of the Fund and may be
changed without shareholder approval. Shareholders, however, will be
notified in writing of any change at least 60 days prior to effecting
any such change.
|
|||
The Fund’s common shares have
limited previous trading history. Shares of closed-end
funds frequently trade at discounts to their net asset
value. This creates a risk of loss for investors purchasing common
shares at net asset value in a public offering. The Fund's
common
|
shares
have historically traded below, at and above their net asset
value.
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The Fund’s
Investments
|
The
Fund will invest primarily in the securities of MLPs, other equity
securities, debt securities and securities of non-U.S. issuers as
described below.
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MLPs
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||
Master
limited partnerships are formed as limited partnerships or limited
liability companies and taxed as partnerships for federal income tax
purposes. The securities issued by many master limited partnerships are
listed and traded on a U.S. exchange. A master limited partnership
typically issues general partner and limited partner interests, or
managing member and member interests. The general partner or managing
member manages and often controls, has an ownership stake in, and is
normally eligible to receive incentive distribution payments from, the
master limited partnership. To be treated as a partnership for
U.S. federal income tax purposes, a master limited partnership must
derive at least 90% of its gross income for each taxable year from
qualifying sources as described in Section 7704 of the Code. These
qualifying sources include natural resource-based activities such as the
exploration, development, mining, production, processing, refining,
transportation, storage and marketing of mineral or natural resources. The
general partner or managing member may be structured as a private or
publicly traded corporation or other entity. The general partner or
managing member typically control the operations and management of the
entity through an up to 2% general partner or managing member interest in
the entity plus, in many cases, ownership of some percentage of the
outstanding limited partner or member interests. The limited partners or
members, through their ownership of limited partner or member interests,
provide capital to the entity, are intended to have no role in the
operation and management of the entity and receive cash distributions. Due
to their structure as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax
purposes, master limited partnerships generally do not pay federal income
taxes. Thus, unlike investors in corporate securities, direct master
limited partnership investors are generally not subject to double taxation
(i.e., corporate level tax and tax on corporate dividends). Currently,
most master limited partnerships operate in the energy and midstream,
natural resources, shipping or real estate sectors.
|
||
MLP Equity
Securities. Equity securities issued by master limited
partnerships typically consist of common and subordinated units (which
represent the limited partner or member interests) and a general partner
or managing member interest.
|
||
● |
Common
Units. The common units of many master limited
partnerships are listed and traded on national securities exchanges,
including the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”), the American Stock
Exchange (the “AMEX”), and the NASDAQ Stock Market (the “NASDAQ”). The
Fund will typically purchase such common units through open market
transactions and underwritten offerings, but may also acquire common units
through direct placements and privately negotiated transactions. Holders
of master limited partnership common units typically have very limited
control and voting rights. Holders of such common units are typically
entitled to receive quarterly cash distributions up to an established
minimum amount (the “minimum quarterly distribution” or “MQD”), including
arrearage rights, from the issuer. Generally, a master limited partnership
must pay (or set aside for payment) the MQD to holders of common units
before any distributions may be paid to subordinated unit holders. In
addition, incentive distributions are typically not paid to the general
partner or managing member unless the quarterly distributions on the
common units exceed specified threshold levels above the MQD. Master
limited partnerships also issue different classes of common units that may
have different voting, trading, and distribution rights. The Fund may
invest in different classes of common units.
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|
● |
Subordinated
Units. Subordinated units, which, like common units,
represent limited partner or member interests, are not typically listed on
an exchange or publicly traded. The Fund will typically purchase
outstanding subordinated units through negotiated transactions directly
with holders of such units or newly-issued subordinated units directly
from the issuer. Holders of such subordinated units are generally entitled
to receive a distribution only after the MQD and any arrearages from prior
quarters have been paid to holders of common units. Holders of
subordinated units typically have the right to receive distributions at
and above the MQD before any incentive distributions are payable to
the
|
general
partner or managing member. Subordinated units generally do not provide
arrearage rights. Most master limited partnership subordinated units are
convertible into common units after the passage of a specified period of
time or upon the achievement by the issuer of specified financial goals.
Master limited partnerships also issue different classes of subordinated
units that may have different voting, trading, and distribution rights.
The Fund may invest in different classes of subordinated
units.
|
||
● |
General Partner or Managing
Member Interests. The
general partner or managing member interest in master limited partnerships
or limited liability companies is typically retained by the original
sponsors of a master limited partnership or limited liability company,
such as its founders, corporate partners and entities that sell assets to
the master limited partnership or limited liability company. The holder of
the general partner or managing member interest can be liable in certain
circumstances for amounts greater than the amount of the holder’s
investment in the general partner or managing member. General partner or
managing member interests often confer direct board participation rights
in, and in many cases control over the operations of, the entity. General
partner or managing member interests can be privately held or owned by
publicly traded entities. General partner or managing member interests
receive cash distributions, typically in an amount of up to 2% of
available cash, which is contractually defined in the partnership or
limited liability company agreement. In addition, holders of general
partner or managing member interests typically receive incentive
distribution rights, which provide them with an increasing share of the
entity’s aggregate cash distributions upon the payment of per unit
distributions that exceed specified threshold levels above the MQD. Due to
the incentive distribution rights, GP MLPs have higher distribution growth
prospects than their underlying master limited partnerships, but quarterly
incentive distribution payments would also decline at a greater rate than
the decline rate in quarterly distributions to common and subordinated
unit holders in the event of a reduction in the master limited
partnership’s quarterly distribution. The ability of the limited partners
or members to remove the general partner or managing member without cause
is typically very limited. In addition, some master limited partnerships
permit the holder of incentive distribution rights to reset, under
specified circumstances, the incentive distribution levels and receive
compensation in exchange for the incentive distribution rights given up in
the reset.
|
|
● |
I-Shares. I-Shares
represent an ownership interest issued by an MLP affiliate. The MLP
affiliate uses the proceeds from the sale of I-Shares to purchase limited
partnership interests in the MLP in the form of I-units. Thus, I-Shares
represent an indirect limited partner interest in the master limited
partnership. I-units have features similar to MLP common units in terms of
voting rights, liquidation preference and distribution. I-Shares differ
from MLP common units primarily in that instead of receiving cash
distributions, holders of I-Shares will receive distributions of
additional I-Shares in an amount equal to the cash distributions received
by common unit holders. I-Shares are traded on the NYSE or the AMEX. For
purposes of the Fund’s 80% policy, securities that are derivatives of
interests in MLPs are I-Shares or derivative securities that otherwise
have economic characteristics of MLP securities.
|
|
Other Equity
Securities
|
||
The
Fund may invest in equity securities of issuers other than MLPs, including
common stocks of Other Natural Resource Companies and issuers engaged in
other sectors, including the finance and real estate sectors. Such issuers
may be organized and/or taxed as corporations and therefore may not offer
the advantageous tax characteristics of master limited partnership
units.
|
Debt
Securities
|
||
The
Fund may invest in debt securities rated, at the time of investment, at
least (i) B3 by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., (ii) B- by
Standard & Poor’s or Fitch Ratings, or (iii) a comparable
rating by another rating agency, provided, however, that the Fund may
invest up to 5% of the Fund’s Managed Assets in lower rated or unrated
debt securities. Debt securities rated below investment grade are commonly
known as “junk bonds” and are regarded as predominantly speculative with
respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal in
accordance with the terms of the obligations, and involve major risk
exposure to adverse conditions.
|
||
Non-U.S. Securities
|
||
The
Fund may invest in non-U.S. securities, including, among other
things, non-U.S. securities represented by American Depositary
Receipts, or “ADRs.” ADRs are certificates evidencing ownership of shares
of a non-U.S. issuer that are issued by depositary banks and
generally trade on an established market in the United States or
elsewhere.
|
||
Investment
Characteristics
|
The
Investment Adviser believes that the following characteristics of MLPs
make them attractive investments:
|
|
● |
Many
MLPs are utility-like in nature and have relatively stable, predictable
cash flows.
|
|
● |
MLPs
provide services which help meet the largely inelastic demand of
U.S. energy consumers.
|
|
● |
Transportation
assets in the interstate and intrastate pipeline sector are typically
backed by relatively long-term contracts and stable transportation rates
(or tariffs) that are regulated by the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory
Commission (“FERC”) or by state regulatory commissions.
|
|
● |
High
barriers to entry may protect the business model of some MLPs, since
construction of the physical assets typically owned by these MLPs
generally requires significant capital expenditures and long lead
times.
|
|
● |
As
the location and quality of natural resource supplies change, new
midstream infrastructure such as gathering and transportation pipelines,
treating and processing facilities, and storage facilities is needed to
meet these new logistical needs. Similarly, as the demographics of demand
centers change, new infrastructure is often needed. MLPs are integral
providers of these midstream needs.
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|
● |
Requirements
for new and additional transportation fuel compositions (e.g., reduced
sulfur diesel and ethanol blends) require additional logistical assets.
MLPs are integral providers of these logistical needs.
|
|
● |
Midstream
assets are typically long-lived and tend to retain their economic value,
and the risk of technological obsolescence is low.
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|
● |
Master
limited partnerships are “pass-through” entities and do not pay federal
income taxes at the entity level. In general, a portion of their
distributions are treated as a return of capital (that is, a payback of
invested capital).
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|
● |
In
addition to their growth potential, MLP investments are currently offering
higher yields than some investments, such as utilities and real estate
investment trusts (“REITs”). Of course, there can be no guarantee that the
MLP investments in the Fund’s portfolio will generate higher yields than
these other asset classes, and since the Investment Adviser will seek to
maximize total return through a focus on master limited partnerships and
GP MLPs with strong distribution growth prospects, the Investment Adviser
believes the distribution yield of the Fund will be lower than it would be
under a more diversified investment approach.
|
An
investment in MLPs also involves risks, some of which are described below
under “— Principal Risks of the Fund.”
|
||
Investment
Adviser
|
The
Fund’s investments will be managed by its Investment Adviser, Swank Energy
Income Advisors, LP, whose principal business address is 3300 Oak Lawn
Avenue, Suite 650, Dallas, Texas 75219. The Investment Adviser
is also investment adviser to the Affiliated Funds, which invest primarily
in securities of MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies and global
commodities. Since 2003, the Investment Adviser has managed the Affiliated
Funds with a focus on achieving a high after-tax total return from a
combination of capital appreciation and current income (as opposed to
relative performance against a benchmark index). The Investment Adviser
seeks to identify and exploit investment niches it believes are generally
less understood and less followed by the broader investor
community.
|
|
As
of February 29, 2008, the Investment Adviser managed approximately
$2.0 billion in assets on behalf of institutional and private
investors around the world.
|
||
The
Fund has agreed to pay the Investment Adviser, as compensation for the
services rendered by it, a management fee equal on an annual basis to
1.25% of the Fund’s Managed Assets. See “Management of the Fund —
Investment Management Agreement.”
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||
Competitive
Strengths
|
||
The
Investment Adviser considers itself one of the principal professional
institutional investors in the MLP space based on the
following:
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||
● |
An
investment team with extensive experience in MLP analysis and investment,
portfolio management, risk management, and private securities
transactions.
|
|
● |
A
focus on bottom-up, fundamental analysis performed by its experienced
investment team.
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|
● |
The
investment team’s wide range of professional backgrounds, market
knowledge, industry relationships, and experience in the analysis,
financing, and structuring of MLP investments give the Investment Adviser
insight into, and the ability to identify and capitalize on, investment
opportunities in MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies.
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|
● |
Its
central location in Dallas, Texas and proximity to major players and
assets in the MLP space.
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|
|
||
Administrator
|
U.S.
Bancorp Fund Services, LLC (the “Administrator”) will provide the Fund
with administrative services. The Administrator also serves as fund
accountant. See “Other Service Providers”
|
|
Distributions
|
The
Fund intends to make regular quarterly cash distributions of all or a
portion of its income to its common shareholders.
|
|
The
Fund anticipates that, due to the tax characterization of cash
distributions made by master limited partnerships, a significant portion
of the Fund’s distributions to common shareholders will consist of
tax-advantaged return of capital for U.S. federal income tax
purposes. In general, a distribution will constitute a return of capital
to a common shareholder, rather than a dividend, to the extent such
distribution exceeds the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and
profits. The portion of any distribution treated as a return of capital
will not be subject to tax currently, but will result in a corresponding
reduction in a shareholder’s basis in our common shares and in the
shareholder’s recognizing more gain or less loss (that is, will result in
an increase of a shareholder’s tax liability) when the shareholder later
sells or exchanges our common shares. To permit it to maintain a more
stable quarterly distribution rate, the Fund may distribute less or more
than the entire amount of cash it receives from its investments in a
particular period. Any undistributed cash would be available to supplement
future distributions, and until distributed would add to the Fund’s net
asset value. Correspondingly, such amounts, once distributed, will be
deducted from the Fund’s net asset value. See “Distributions” and
“Dividend Reinvestment Plan.” Shareholders will automatically have all
distributions reinvested in common shares issued
|
by
the Fund or common shares of the Fund purchased on the open market in
accordance with the Fund’s dividend reinvestment plan unless an election
is made to receive cash. See “Distributions” and “Dividend Reinvestment
Plan.” Common shareholders who receive dividends in the form of additional
common shares will be subject to the same U.S. federal, state and
local tax consequences as common shareholders who elect to receive their
dividends in cash.
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|
Use of
Leverage
|
The
Fund may seek to enhance its total returns through the use of financial
leverage, which may include the issuance of Preferred Shares and other
Leverage Instruments, in each case within the applicable limits of the
1940 Act. The Fund expects that it will initially
leverage through borrowings in an aggregate amount of up to approximately
331/3% of its Managed Assets (i.e. 50% of its net assets attributable to
the Fund's common shares).
The
Fund has entered into a fully collateralized borrowing arrangement with
Credit Suisse. Proceeds from the borrowing arrangement are used
to execute the Fund's investment objective. The borrowing
arrangement is collateralized with investments held for the benefit of
Credit Suisse at the Fund's custodian, which exceed the amount
borrowed.
The
Fund in the future may decide to leverage through the issuance of
Preferred Shares or other means. After that decision, total leverage of
the Fund is expected to range between 20% to 50% of the Fund’s Managed
Assets, including any borrowings for investment purposes (i.e., 25% to
100% of its net assets attributable to the Fund’s common shares). The Fund
may borrow from banks and other financial institutions.
|
To
the extent the Fund borrows, the Fund will create financial leverage. It
will do so only when it expects to be able to invest the proceeds at a
higher rate of return than its cost of borrowing.
|
|
The
use of leverage for investment purposes creates opportunities for greater
total returns but at the same time increases risk. When leverage is
employed, the net asset value, market price of the common shares and the
yield to holders of common shares may be more volatile. Any investment
income or gains earned with respect to the amounts borrowed in excess of
the interest due on the borrowing will augment the Fund’s income.
Conversely, if the investment performance with respect to the amounts
borrowed fails to cover the interest on such borrowings, the value of the
Fund’s common shares may decrease more quickly than would otherwise be the
case, and distributions on the common shares would be reduced or
eliminated. Interest payments and fees incurred in connection with such
borrowings will reduce the amount of net income available for distribution
to common shareholders.
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|
Because
the investment management fee paid to the Investment Adviser is calculated
on the basis of the Fund’s Managed Assets, which include the proceeds of
leverage, the dollar amount of the management fee paid by the Fund to the
Investment Adviser will be higher (and the Investment Adviser will be
benefited to that extent) when leverage is utilized. The Investment
Adviser will utilize leverage only if it believes such action would result
in a net benefit to the Fund’s shareholders after taking into account the
higher fees and expenses associated with leverage (including higher
management fees).
|
|
The
Fund’s leveraging strategy may not be successful. See “Principal Risks of
the Fund — Leverage Risk.”
|
|
Tax Treatment of the
Fund
|
The
Fund will be treated as a regular corporation, or “C” corporation, for
U.S. federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, the Fund generally will be
subject to U.S. federal income tax on its taxable income at the graduated
rates applicable to corporations (currently at a maximum rate of 35%). In
addition, as a regular corporation, the Fund may be subject to state
income tax by reason of its investments in equity securities of MLPs. The
Fund may be subject to a 20% alternative minimum tax on its alternative
minimum taxable income to the extent that the alternative minimum tax
exceeds the Fund’s regular income tax liability. The Fund’s payments of
U.S. corporate income tax or alternative minimum tax could materially
reduce the amount of cash available for the Fund to make distributions on
the shares. In addition, distributions to shareholders of the Fund will be
taxed under federal income tax laws applicable to corporate
|
distributions,
and thus the Fund’s taxable income will be subject to a double layer of
taxation.
|
|
Principal Risks of the
Fund
|
General
|
Risk
is inherent in all investing. The following discussion summarizes some of
the risks that a potential investor should consider before deciding to
purchase the Fund’s common shares.
|
|
Limited Operating and Trading
History. The Fund is a recently organized,
non-diversified, closed-end management investment company and it has
limited operating and public trading history. Being a recently organized
company, the Fund is subject to all of the business risks and
uncertainties associated with any new business, including the risk that
the Fund will not achieve its investment objective and that the value of
an investment in the Fund could decline substantially.
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|
Investment and Market
Risk. An investment in the Fund’s common shares is
subject to investment risk, including the possible loss of an investor’s
entire investment. An investment in the Fund’s common shares represents an
indirect investment in the securities owned by the Fund, some of which
will be traded on a national securities exchange or in the
over-the-counter markets. The value of the securities in the Fund’s
portfolio, like other market investments, may move up or down, sometimes
rapidly and unpredictably. The value of the securities in which the Fund
invests will affect the value of its common shares. The Fund’s common
shares at any point in time may be worth less than at the time of original
investment, even after taking into account the reinvestment of the Fund’s
dividends. The Fund is primarily a long-term investment vehicle and should
not be used for short-term trading. An investment in the Fund’s common
shares is not intended to constitute a complete investment program and
should not be viewed as such.
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|
Market Discount From Net Asset
Value Risk. Shares
of closed-end funds frequently trade at discounts to their net asset
value. This characteristic is a risk separate and distinct from the risk
that the Fund’s net asset value could decrease as a result of its
investment activities and creates a risk of loss for investors purchasing
common shares at net asset value in a public offering. The net asset value
of the Fund’s common shares will be reduced immediately following the
offering as a result of the payment of certain offering costs. Although
the value of the Fund’s net assets is generally considered by market
participants in determining whether to purchase or sell shares, whether
investors will realize gains or losses upon the sale of the Fund’s common
shares will depend entirely upon whether the market price of its common
shares at the time of sale is above or below the investor’s purchase price
for the Fund’s common shares. Because the market price of the Fund’s
common shares will be affected by factors such as net asset value,
dividend or distribution levels (which are dependent, in part, on
expenses), supply of and demand for the Fund’s common shares, stability of
dividends or distributions, trading volume of the Fund’s common shares,
general market and economic conditions, and other factors beyond the
control of the Fund, the Fund cannot predict whether its common shares
will trade at, below or above net asset value or at, below or above the
initial public offering price. The common shares of the Fund have
historically traded below, at and above their net asset
value.
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|
Sector Concentration
Risk
|
|
Under
normal market conditions the Fund will have at least 80% of its net
assets, plus any borrowings for investment purposes, invested in MLP
investments, which operate primarily in the natural resource sector. There
are risks inherent in the natural resource sector and the businesses of
MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies, including those described
below.
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|
MLP and Other Natural Resource
Company Risks
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|
Commodity Price
Risk. The return on the Fund’s investments in MLPs and
Other Natural Resource Companies will be dependent on the operating
margins received and cash flows generated by those companies from the
exploration for, and development, production, gathering, transportation,
processing, storage, refining, distribution, mining or marketing of, coal,
natural gas, natural gas liquids, crude oil, refined petroleum products or
other hydrocarbons. These operating margins and cash flows may fluctuate
widely in response to a variety of factors,
|
including
global and domestic economic conditions, weather conditions, natural
disasters, the supply and price of imported natural resources, political
instability, conservation efforts and governmental regulation. Natural
resource commodity prices have been very volatile in the past and such
volatility is expected to continue. MLPs and Other Natural Resource
Companies engaged in crude oil and natural gas exploration, development or
production, natural gas gathering and processing, crude oil refining and
transportation and coal mining or sales may be directly affected by their
respective natural resource commodity prices. The volatility of, and
interrelationships between, commodity prices can also indirectly affect
certain MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies due to the potential
impact on the volume of commodities transported, processed, stored or
distributed. Some MLPs or Other Natural Resource Companies that own the
underlying energy commodity may be unable to effectively mitigate or
manage direct margin exposure to commodity price levels. The prices of MLP
and Other Natural Resource Companies’ securities can be adversely affected
by market perceptions that their performance and distributions or
dividends are directly tied to commodity prices.
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|
Cyclicality
Risk. The operating results of companies in the broader
natural resource sector are cyclical, with fluctuations in commodity
prices and demand for commodities driven by a variety of factors.
Commodity prices and natural resource asset values are near historically
high levels. The highly cyclical nature of the natural resource sector may
adversely affect the earnings or operating cash flows of the MLPs and
Other Natural Resource Companies in which the Fund will
invest.
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|
Supply
Risk. The profitability of MLPs and Other Natural
Resource Companies, particularly those involved in processing, gathering
and pipeline transportation, may be materially impacted by the volume of
natural gas or other energy commodities available for transportation,
processing, storage or distribution. A significant decrease in the
production of natural gas, crude oil, coal or other energy commodities,
due to the decline of production from existing resources, import supply
disruption, depressed commodity prices or otherwise, would reduce the
revenue, operating income and operating cash flows of MLPs and Other
Natural Resource Companies and, therefore, their ability to make
distributions or pay dividends.
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|
Demand
Risk. A sustained decline in demand for coal, natural
gas, natural gas liquids, crude oil and refined petroleum products could
adversely affect an MLP’s or an Other Natural Resource Company’s revenues
and cash flows. Factors that could lead to a sustained decrease in market
demand include a recession or other adverse economic conditions, an
increase in the market price of the underlying commodity that is not, or
is not expected to be, merely a short-term increase, higher taxes or other
regulatory actions that increase costs, or a shift in consumer demand for
such products. Demand may also be adversely affected by consumer sentiment
with respect to global warming and by state or federal legislation
intended to promote the use of alternative energy sources.
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|
Risks Relating to Expansions
and Acquisitions. MLPs
and Other Natural Resource Companies employ a variety of means to increase
cash flow, including increasing utilization of existing facilities,
expanding operations through new construction or development activities,
expanding operations through acquisitions, or securing additional
long-term contracts. Thus, some MLPs or Other Natural Resource Companies
may be subject to construction risk, development risk, acquisition risk or
other risks arising from their specific business strategies. MLPs and
Other Natural Resource Companies that attempt to grow through acquisitions
may not be able to effectively integrate acquired operations with their
existing operations. In addition, acquisition or expansion projects may
not perform as anticipated. A significant slowdown in merger and
acquisition activity in the natural resource sector could reduce the
growth rate of cash flows received by the Fund from MLPs and Other Natural
Resource Companies that grow through acquisitions.
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Competition
Risk. The natural resource sector is highly competitive.
The MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies in which the Fund will
invest will face substantial competition from other companies, many of
which will have greater financial, technological, human and other
resources, in acquiring natural resource assets, obtaining and retaining
customers and
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contracts
and hiring and retaining qualified personnel. Larger companies may be able
to pay more for assets and may have a greater ability to continue their
operations during periods of low commodity prices. To the extent that the
MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies in which the Fund will invest
are unable to compete effectively, their operating results, financial
position, growth potential and cash flows may be adversely affected, which
could in turn adversely affect the results of the Fund.
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||
Weather
Risk. Extreme weather conditions, such as Hurricane Ivan
in 2004 and Hurricanes Katrina and Rita in 2005, could result in
substantial damage to the facilities of certain MLPs and Other Natural
Resource Companies located in the affected areas and significant
volatility in the supply of natural resources, commodity prices and the
earnings of MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies, and could therefore
adversely affect their securities.
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||
Interest Rate
Risk. The prices of the equity and debt securities of
the MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies the Fund expects to hold in
its portfolio are susceptible in the short term to a decline when interest
rates rise. Rising interest rates could limit the capital appreciation of
securities of certain MLPs as a result of the increased availability of
alternative investments with yields comparable to those of MLPs. Rising
interest rates could adversely impact the financial performance of MLPs
and Other Natural Resource Companies by increasing their cost of capital.
This may reduce their ability to execute acquisitions or expansion
projects in a cost effective manner.
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||
MLP Structure
Risk. Holders of MLP units are subject to certain risks
inherent in the structure of MLPs, including (i) tax risks (described
further below), (ii) the limited ability to elect or remove
management or the general partner or managing member (iii) limited
voting rights, except with respect to extraordinary transactions, and
(iv) conflicts of interest between the general partner or managing
member and its affiliates, on the one hand, and the limited partners or
members, on the other hand, including those arising from incentive
distribution payments or corporate opportunities.
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||
Sub-Sector Specific
Risk. MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies are also
subject to risks that are specific to the particular sub-sector of the
natural resources sector in which they operate.
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||
● |
Pipelines. Pipeline
companies are subject to the demand for natural gas, natural gas liquids,
crude oil or refined products in the markets they serve, changes in the
availability of products for gathering, transportation, processing or sale
due to natural declines in reserves and production in the supply areas
serviced by the companies’ facilities, sharp decreases in crude oil or
natural gas prices that cause producers to curtail production or reduce
capital spending for exploration activities, and environmental regulation.
Demand for gasoline, which accounts for a substantial portion of refined
product transportation, depends on price, prevailing economic conditions
in the markets served, and demographic and seasonal factors. Companies
that own interstate pipelines that transport natural gas, natural gas
liquids, crude oil or refined petroleum products are subject to regulation
by FERC with respect to the tariff rates they may charge for
transportation services. An adverse determination by FERC with respect to
the tariff rates of such a company could have a material adverse effect on
its business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of
those companies and their ability to pay cash distributions or dividends.
In addition, FERC has a tax allowance policy, which permits such companies
to include in their cost of service an income tax allowance to the extent
that their owners have an actual or potential tax liability on the income
generated by them. If FERC’s income tax allowance policy were to change in
the future to disallow a material portion of the income tax allowance
taken by such interstate pipeline companies, it would adversely impact the
maximum tariff rates that such companies are permitted to charge for their
transportation services, which would in turn adversely affect the results
of operations and cash flows of those companies and their ability to pay
cash distributions or dividends to their unit holders or
shareholders.
|
● |
Gathering and
processing. Gathering and processing companies are
subject to natural declines in the production of oil and natural gas
fields, which utilize their gathering and processing facilities as a way
to market their production, prolonged declines in the price of natural gas
or crude oil, which curtails drilling activity and therefore production,
and declines in the prices of natural gas liquids and refined petroleum
products, which cause lower processing margins. In addition, some
gathering and processing contracts subject the gathering or processing
company to direct commodities price risk.
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|
● |
Exploration and production. Exploration,
development and production companies are particularly vulnerable to
declines in the demand for and prices of crude oil and natural gas.
Reductions in prices for crude oil and natural gas can cause a given
reservoir to become uneconomic for continued production earlier than it
would if prices were higher, resulting in the plugging and abandonment of,
and cessation of production from, that reservoir. In addition, lower
commodity prices not only reduce revenues but also can result in
substantial downward adjustments in reserve estimates. The accuracy of any
reserve estimate is a function of the quality of available data, the
accuracy of assumptions regarding future commodity prices and future
exploration and development costs and engineering and geological
interpretations and judgments. Different reserve engineers may make
different estimates of reserve quantities and related revenue based on the
same data. Actual oil and gas prices, development expenditures and
operating expenses will vary from those assumed in reserve estimates, and
these variances may be significant. Any significant variance from the
assumptions used could result in the actual quantity of reserves and
future net cash flow being materially different from those estimated in
reserve reports. In addition, results of drilling, testing and production
and changes in prices after the date of reserve estimates may result in
downward revisions to such estimates. Substantial downward adjustments in
reserve estimates could have a material adverse effect on a given
exploration and production company’s financial position and results of
operations. In addition, due to natural declines in reserves and
production, exploration and production companies must economically find or
acquire and develop additional reserves in order to maintain and grow
their revenues and distributions.
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|
● |
Propane. Propane
companies are subject to earnings variability based upon weather patterns
in the locations where they operate and increases in the wholesale price
of propane which reduce profit margins. In addition, propane companies are
facing increased competition due to the growing availability of natural
gas, fuel oil and alternative energy sources for residential
heating.
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|
● |
Coal. Coal
companies are subject to declines in the demand for and prices of coal.
Demand variability can be based on weather conditions, the strength of the
domestic economy, the level of coal stockpiles in their customer base, and
the prices of competing sources of fuel for electric generation. They are
also subject to supply variability based on geological conditions that
reduce the productivity of mining operations, the availability of
regulatory permits for mining activities and the availability of coal that
meets the standards of the federal Clean Air Act of 1990, as amended (the
“Clean Air Act”). Demand and prices for coal may also be affected by
current and proposed regulatory limitations on emissions from coal-fired
power plants and the facilities of other coal end users. Such limitations
may reduce demand for the coal produced and transported by coal companies.
Certain coal companies could face declining revenues if they are unable to
acquire additional coal reserves or other mineral reserves that are
economically recoverable.
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|
● |
Marine
shipping. Marine shipping companies are subject to
supply of and demand for, and level of consumption of, natural gas,
liquefied natural gas, crude oil, refined petroleum products and liquefied
petroleum gases in the supply and market areas they serve, which affect
the demand for marine shipping services and therefore charter rates.
Shipping companies’ vessels and cargoes are also subject to the risk of
being damaged or lost due to marine disasters, extreme weather, mechanical
failures, grounding, fire, explosions, collisions, human error, piracy,
war and terrorism. Some vessels may also require
|
replacement
or significant capital improvements earlier than otherwise required due to
changing regulatory standards. Shipping companies or their ships may be
chartered in any country and the Fund’s investments in such issuers may be
subject to risks similar to risks related to investments in
non-U.S. securities.
|
|||
Cash Flow
Risk. The Fund will derive substantially all of its cash
flow from investments in equity securities of MLPs and Other Natural
Resource Companies. The amount of cash that the Fund has available to
distribute to shareholders will depend on the ability of the MLPs and
Other Natural Resource Companies in which the Fund has an interest to make
distributions or pay dividends to their investors and the tax character of
those distributions or dividends. The Fund will likely have no influence
over the actions of the MLPs in which it invests with respect to the
payment of distributions or dividends, and may only have limited influence
over Other Natural Resource Companies in that regard. The amount of cash
that any individual MLP or Other Natural Resource Company can distribute
to its investors, including the Fund, will depend on the amount of cash it
generates from operations, which will vary from quarter to quarter
depending on factors affecting the natural resource sector generally and
the particular business lines of the issuer. Available cash will also
depend on the MLP’s or Other Natural Resource Company’s operating costs,
capital expenditures, debt service requirements, acquisition costs (if
any), fluctuations in working capital needs and other factors. The cash
that a master limited partnership will have available for distribution
will also depend on the incentive distributions payable to its general
partner or managing member in connection with distributions paid to its
equity investors.
|
|||
Regulatory
Risk. The profitability of MLPs and Other Natural
Resource Companies could be adversely affected by changes in the
regulatory environment. MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies are
subject to significant foreign, federal, state and local regulation in
virtually every aspect of their operations, including with respect to how
facilities are constructed, maintained and operated, environmental and
safety controls, and the prices they may charge for the products and
services they provide. Such regulation can change over time in both scope
and intensity. For example, a particular by-product may be declared
hazardous by a regulatory agency and unexpectedly increase production
costs. Various governmental authorities have the power to enforce
compliance with these regulations and the permits issued under them, and
violators are subject to administrative, civil and criminal penalties,
including civil fines, injunctions or both. Stricter laws, regulations or
enforcement policies could be enacted in the future which would likely
increase compliance costs and may adversely affect the financial
performance of MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies.
|
|||
Specifically,
the operations of wells, gathering systems, pipelines, refineries and
other facilities are subject to stringent and complex federal, state and
local environmental laws and regulations. These include, for
example:
|
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●
|
the
federal Clean Air Act and comparable state laws and regulations that
impose obligations related to air emissions;
|
||
●
|
the
federal Clean Water Act and comparable state laws and regulations that
impose obligations related to discharges of pollutants into regulated
bodies of water;
|
||
●
|
the
federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (“RCRA”) and comparable
state laws and regulations that impose requirements for the handling and
disposal of waste from facilities; and
|
||
●
|
the
federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability
Act of 1980 (“CERCLA”), also known as “Superfund,” and comparable state
laws and regulations that regulate the cleanup of hazardous substances
that may have been released at properties currently or previously owned or
operated by MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies or at locations to
which they have sent waste for disposal.
|
||
Failure
to comply with these laws and regulations may trigger a variety of
administrative, civil and criminal enforcement measures, including the
assessment of monetary penalties, the imposition of remedial requirements,
and the issuance of orders enjoining future operations.
|
Certain
environmental statutes, including RCRA, CERCLA, the federal Oil Pollution
Act and analogous state laws and regulations, impose strict, joint and
several liability for costs required to clean up and restore sites where
hazardous substances have been disposed of or otherwise released.
Moreover, it is not uncommon for neighboring landowners and other third
parties to file claims for personal injury and property damage allegedly
caused by the release of hazardous substances or other waste products into
the environment.
|
|
There
is an inherent risk that MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies may
incur environmental costs and liabilities due to the nature of their
businesses and the substances they handle. For example, an accidental
release from wells or gathering pipelines could subject them to
substantial liabilities for environmental cleanup and restoration costs,
claims made by neighboring landowners and other third parties for personal
injury and property damage, and fines or penalties for related violations
of environmental laws or regulations. Moreover, the possibility exists
that stricter laws, regulations or enforcement policies could
significantly increase the compliance costs of MLPs and Other Natural
Resource Companies, and the cost of any remediation that may become
necessary. MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies may not be able to
recover these costs from insurance.
|
|
Proposals
for voluntary initiatives and mandatory controls are being discussed both
in the United States and worldwide to reduce emissions of “greenhouse
gases” such as carbon dioxide, a by-product of burning fossil fuels, and
methane, the major constituent of natural gas, which many scientists and
policymakers believe contribute to global climate change. These measures,
if adopted, could result in increased costs to certain companies in which
the Fund may invest to operate and maintain Natural Resource facilities
and administer and manage a greenhouse gas emissions program.
|
|
In
the wake of a recent Supreme Court decision holding that the Environmental
Protection Agency (“EPA”) has some legal authority to deal with climate
change under the Clean Air Act, the federal government announced on
May 14, 2007 that the EPA and the Departments of Transportation,
Energy, and Agriculture would jointly write regulations to cut gasoline
use and control greenhouse gas emissions from cars and trucks. These
measures if adopted could reduce demand for energy or raise prices, which
may adversely affect the total return of certain of the Fund’s
investments.
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Affiliated Party
Risk. Certain MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies
are dependent on their parents or sponsors for a majority of their
revenues. Any failure by an MLP’s or an Other Natural Resource Company’s
parents or sponsors to satisfy their payments or obligations would impact
the MLP’s or Other Natural Resource Company’s revenues and cash flows and
ability to make distributions. Moreover, the terms of an MLP’s or an Other
Natural Resource Company’s transactions with its parent or sponsor are
typically not arrived at on an arm’s-length basis, and may not be as
favorable to the MLP or Other Natural Resource Company as a transaction
with a non-affiliate.
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Catastrophe
Risk. The operations of MLPs and Other Natural Resource
Companies are subject to many hazards inherent in the exploration for, and
development, production, gathering, transportation, processing, storage,
refining, distribution, mining or marketing of coal, natural gas, natural
gas liquids, crude oil, refined petroleum products or other hydrocarbons,
including: damage to production equipment, pipelines, storage tanks or
related equipment and surrounding properties caused by hurricanes,
tornadoes, floods, fires and other natural disasters or by acts of
terrorism; inadvertent damage from construction or other equipment; leaks
of natural gas, natural gas liquids, crude oil, refined petroleum products
or other hydrocarbons; and fires and explosions. These risks could result
in substantial losses due to personal injury or loss of life, severe
damage to and destruction of property and equipment and pollution or other
environmental damage, and may result in the curtailment or suspension of
their related operations. Not all MLPs or Other Natural Resource Companies
are fully insured against all risks inherent to their businesses. If a
significant accident or event occurs that is not fully insured, it could
adversely affect the MLP’s or Other Natural Resource Company’s operations
and financial
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condition.
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Risks Associated with an
Investment in IPOs
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Securities
purchased in IPOs are often subject to the general risks associated with
investments in companies with small market capitalizations, and typically
to a heightened degree. Securities issued in IPOs have no trading history,
and information about the companies may be available for very limited
periods. In addition, the prices of securities sold in an IPO may be
highly volatile. At any particular time or from time to time, the Fund may
not be able to invest in IPOs, or to invest to the extent desired,
because, for example, only a small portion (if any) of the securities
being offered in an IPO may be available to the Fund. In addition, under
certain market conditions, a relatively small number of companies may
issue securities in IPOs. The investment performance of the Fund during
periods when it is unable to invest significantly or at all in IPOs may be
lower than during periods when it is able to do so.
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IPO
securities may be volatile, and the Fund cannot predict whether
investments in IPOs will be successful. As the Fund grows in size, the
positive effect of IPO investments on the Fund may decrease.
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Risks Associated with an
Investment in PIPE Transactions
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PIPE
investors purchase securities directly from a publicly traded company in a
private placement transaction, typically at a discount to the market price
of the company’s common stock. Because the sale of the securities is not
registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities
Act”), the securities are “restricted” and cannot be immediately resold by
the investors into the public markets. Accordingly, the company typically
agrees as part of the PIPE deal to register the restricted securities with
the SEC. PIPE securities may be deemed illiquid.
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Privately Held Company
Risk
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Investing
in privately held companies involves risk. For example, privately held
companies are not subject to SEC reporting requirements, are not required
to maintain their accounting records in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles, and are not required to maintain effective internal
controls over financial reporting. As a result, the Investment Adviser may
not have timely or accurate information about the business, financial
condition and results of operations of the privately held companies in
which the Fund invests. In addition, the securities of privately held
companies are generally illiquid, and entail the risks described under
“— Liquidity Risk” below.
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Liquidity
Risk
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The
investments made by the Fund, including investments in MLPs, may be
illiquid and consequently the Fund may not be able to sell such
investments at prices that reflect the Investment Adviser’s assessment of
their value, the value at which the Fund is carrying the securities on its
books or the amount paid for such investments by the Fund. Furthermore,
the nature of the Fund’s investments may require a long holding period
prior to profitability.
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Although
the equity securities of the MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies in
which the Fund invests generally trade on major stock exchanges, certain
securities may trade less frequently, particularly those with smaller
capitalizations. Securities with limited trading volumes may display
volatile or erratic price movements. Investment of the Fund’s capital in
securities that are less actively traded or over time experience decreased
trading volume may restrict the Fund’s ability to take advantage of other
market opportunities.
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The
Fund also expects to invest in unregistered or otherwise restricted
securities. Unregistered securities are securities that cannot be sold
publicly in the United States without registration under the Securities
Act, unless an exemption from such registration is available. Restricted
securities may be more difficult to value and the Fund may have difficulty
disposing of such assets either in a timely manner or for a reasonable
price. In order to dispose of an unregistered
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security,
the Fund, where it has contractual rights to do so, may have to cause such
security to be registered. A considerable period may elapse between the
time the decision is made to sell the security and the time the security
is registered so that the Fund could sell it. Contractual restrictions on
the resale of securities vary in length and scope and are generally the
result of a negotiation between the issuer and acquiror of the securities.
The Fund would, in either case, bear the risks of any downward price
fluctuation during that period. The difficulties and delays associated
with selling restricted securities could result in the Fund’s inability to
realize a favorable price upon disposition of such securities, and at
times might make disposition of such securities impossible.
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Tax Risks
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In
addition to other risk considerations, an investment in the Fund’s common
shares will involve certain tax risks, including, but not limited to, the
risks summarized below and discussed in more detail elsewhere in this
prospectus. Tax matters are complicated, and the foreign and
U.S. federal, state and local tax consequences of the purchase and
ownership of the Fund’s common shares will depend on the facts of each
investor’s situation. Prospective investors are encouraged to consult
their own tax advisers regarding the specific tax consequences that may
affect such investors.
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Tax Law
Changes. Changes in tax laws, regulations or
interpretations of those laws or regulations in the future could adversely
affect the Fund or the MLPs or Other Natural Resource Companies in which
the Fund will invest. Any such changes could negatively impact the Fund’s
common shareholders. Legislation could also negatively impact the amount
and tax characterization of dividends received by the Fund’s common
shareholders. Federal legislation has reduced the tax rate on qualified
dividend income to the rate applicable to long-term capital gains, which
is generally 15% for individuals, provided a holding period requirement
and certain other requirements are met. This reduced rate of tax on
dividends is currently scheduled to revert to ordinary income tax rates
for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2010, and the 15%
federal income tax rate for long-term capital gains is scheduled to revert
to 20% for such taxable years.
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Tax Risk of
MLPs. The Fund’s ability to meet its investment
objective will depend partially on the amounts of taxable income,
distributions and dividends it receives from the securities in which it
will invest, a factor over which it has no control. The benefit the Fund
will derive from its investment in master limited partnerships is largely
dependent on the master limited partnership’s being treated as
partnerships for federal income tax purposes. As a partnership, a master
limited partnership has no federal income tax liability at the entity
level. If, as a result of a change in current law or a change in a master
limited partnership’s business, a master limited partnership were to be
treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes, it would be
subject to federal income tax on its income at the graduated tax rates
applicable to corporations (currently a maximum rate of 35%). In addition,
if a master limited partnership were to be classified as a corporation for
federal income tax purposes, the amount of cash available for distribution
by it would be reduced and distributions received by the Fund from it
would be taxed under federal income tax laws applicable to corporate
distributions (as dividend income, return of capital, or capital gain).
Therefore, treatment of master limited partnerships as corporations for
federal income tax purposes would result in a reduction in the after-tax
return to the Fund, likely causing a reduction in the value of the Fund’s
common shares.
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Deferred Tax Risks of
MLPs. As a limited partner or member in the MLPs in
which the Fund will invest, the Fund will be required to include in its
taxable income its allocable share of income, gains, losses, deductions,
and credits from those master limited partnerships, regardless of whether
they distribute any cash to the Fund. Historically, a significant portion
of the income from master limited partnerships has been offset by tax
deductions. The Fund will incur a current tax liability on its allocable
share of a master limited partnership’s income and gains that is not
offset by tax deductions, losses and credits, or its net operating loss
carryforwards, if any. The portion, if any, of a distribution received by
the Fund from a master limited partnership that is offset by the master
limited partnership’s tax deductions, losses or credits will be treated as
a tax-
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advantaged
return of capital. However, those distributions will reduce the Fund’s
adjusted tax basis in the equity securities of the master limited
partnership, which will result in an increase in the amount of gain (or
decrease in the amount of loss) that will be recognized by the Fund for
tax purposes upon the sale of any such equity securities or upon
subsequent distributions in respect of such equity securities. The
percentage of a master limited partnership’s income and gains that is
offset by tax deductions, losses and credits will fluctuate over time for
various reasons. A significant slowdown in acquisition activity or capital
spending by master limited partnerships held in the Fund’s portfolio could
result in a reduction of accelerated depreciation generated by new
acquisitions, which may result in increased current tax liability for the
Fund.
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The
Fund will accrue deferred income taxes for its future tax liability
associated with that portion of master limited partnership distributions
considered to be a tax-advantaged return of capital, as well as for its
future tax liability associated with the capital appreciation of its
investments. Upon the Fund’s sale of a master limited partnership
security, the Fund may be liable for previously deferred taxes. The Fund
will rely to some extent on information provided by master limited
partnerships, which is not necessarily timely, to estimate deferred tax
liability for purposes of financial statement reporting and determining
its net asset value. From time to time, the Fund will modify its estimates
or assumptions regarding its deferred tax liability as new information
becomes available.
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Tax Risks of
Corporations. The Fund intends to invest in companies
that are classified as corporations for federal income tax purposes. Any
distributions received by the Fund from these companies will be taxed
under federal income tax laws applicable to corporate distributions (as
dividend income, return of capital or capital gain). The amount of a
corporate distribution taxable to the Fund as a dividend will depend upon
the earnings and profits of the company making the distribution.
Historically, the types of corporate Other Natural Resource Companies in
which the Fund intends to invest generally have paid dividends to their
equity holders in excess of earnings and profits. However, the earnings
and profits of an Other Natural Resource Company will fluctuate over time
for a variety of reasons, including those discussed in this prospectus. An
increase in a corporation’s earnings and profits may result in a greater
proportion of its corporate distributions being treated as a taxable
dividend, resulting in an increased current tax liability to the Fund. In
addition, the Fund may invest in certain foreign entities that constitute
“passive foreign investment companies” (“PFICs”) for U.S. federal income
tax purposes. As a result of an investment in a PFIC, the Fund may be
subject to an interest charge or, if it makes a certain election, may be
required to recognize taxable income related to such investment prior to
its receipt of the corresponding cash.
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Deferred Tax Risks of
Investing in the Fund’s Common Shares. A
reduction in the percentage of the distributions received by the Fund that
are offset by tax deductions, losses or credits, or an increase in its
portfolio turnover, will reduce that portion of its common share dividend
treated as a tax-advantaged return of capital and increase that portion
treated as dividend income, resulting in lower after-tax dividends to its
common shareholders. See “Tax Matters.”
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Risks Associated with an
Investment in Non-U.S. Companies
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Non-U.S. Securities
Risk. Investing in securities of non-U.S. issuers
involves certain risks not involved in domestic investments, including,
but not limited to: fluctuations in currency exchange rates; future
foreign economic, financial, political and social developments; different
legal systems; the possible imposition of exchange controls or other
foreign governmental laws or restrictions; lower trading volume; greater
price volatility and illiquidity; different trading and settlement
practices; less governmental supervision; high and volatile rates of
inflation; fluctuating interest rates; less publicly available
information; and different accounting, auditing and financial
recordkeeping standards and requirements.
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Non-U.S. Currency
Risk. Because the Fund may invest in securities
denominated or quoted in non-U.S. currencies, changes in the
non-U.S. currency/U.S. dollar exchange rate may affect the value
of the Fund’s securities and the unrealized appreciation or depreciation
of its investments.
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Currency Hedging
Risk. The Fund may in the future hedge against currency
risk resulting from investing in non-U.S. MLPs and Other Natural
Resource Companies valued in non-U.S. currencies. Currency hedging
transactions in which the Fund may engage include buying or selling
options or futures or entering into other foreign currency transactions
including forward foreign currency contracts, currency swaps or options on
currency and currency futures and other derivatives transactions. Hedging
transactions can be expensive and have risks, including the imperfect
correlation between the value of such instruments and the underlying
assets, the possible default of the other party to the transaction or the
illiquidity of the derivative instruments. Furthermore, the ability to
successfully use hedging transactions depends on the Investment Adviser’s
ability to predict pertinent market movements, which cannot be assured.
Thus, the use of hedging transactions may result in losses greater than if
they had not been used, may require the Fund to sell or purchase portfolio
securities at inopportune times or for prices other than current market
values, may limit the amount of appreciation the Fund can realize on an
investment, or may cause the Fund to hold a security that the Fund might
otherwise sell. The use of hedging transactions may result in the Fund
incurring losses as a result of matters beyond the Fund’s control. For
example losses may be incurred because of the imposition of exchange
controls, the suspension of settlements or the Fund’s inability to deliver
or receive a specified currency.
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Emerging Markets
Risk. Investments in emerging markets instruments, while
generally providing greater potential opportunity for capital appreciation
and higher yields than investments in more developed market instruments,
may also involve greater risk. Emerging markets may be subject to
economic, social and political risks not applicable to instruments of
developed market issuers, such as repatriation, exchange control or other
monetary restrictions, taxation risks, and special considerations due to
limited publicly available information, less stringent regulatory
standards, and lack of uniformity in accounting.
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With
respect to certain countries, there is a possibility of expropriation,
confiscatory taxation, imposition of withholding or other taxes on
dividends, interest, capital gains or other income, limitations on the
removal of funds or other assets of the Fund, political or social
instability or diplomatic developments that could affect investments in
those countries. An issuer of securities may be domiciled in a country
other than the country in whose currency the instrument is denominated.
The values and relative yields of investments in the securities markets of
different countries, and their associated risks, are expected to change
independently of each other.
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Interest Rate
Risk
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The
costs associated with any leverage used by the Fund are likely to increase
when interest rates rise. Accordingly, the market price of the Fund’s
common shares may decline when interest rates rise.
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Legal and Regulatory
Risk
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Legal,
tax and regulatory changes could occur during the term of the Fund that
may adversely affect the Fund. The regulatory environment for closed-end
funds is evolving, and changes in the regulation of closed-end funds may
adversely affect the value of investments held by the Fund and the ability
of the Fund to obtain the leverage it might otherwise obtain or to pursue
its trading strategy. In addition, the securities and futures markets are
subject to comprehensive statutes, regulations and margin requirements.
The SEC, other regulators and self-regulatory organizations and exchanges
are authorized to take extraordinary actions in the event of market
emergencies. The regulation of derivatives transactions and funds that
engage in such transactions is an evolving area of law and is subject to
modification by governmental and judicial action. The effect of any future
regulatory change on the Fund could be substantial and
adverse.
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Interest Rate Hedging
Risk
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The
Fund may in the future hedge against interest rate risk resulting from the
Fund’s portfolio holdings and any financial leverage it may incur.
Interest rate transactions the Fund may use for hedging purposes will
expose the Fund to certain risks that differ from the risks associated
with its portfolio holdings. There are economic costs of hedging reflected
in the price of interest rate swaps, caps and similar techniques, the cost
of which can be significant. In addition, the Fund’s success in using
hedging instruments is subject to the Investment Adviser’s ability to
correctly predict changes in the relationships of such hedging instruments
to the Fund’s leverage risk, and there can be no assurance that the
Investment Adviser’s judgment in this respect will be accurate. Depending
on the state of interest rates in general, the Fund’s use of interest rate
hedging instruments could enhance or decrease investment company taxable
income available to the holders of its common shares. To the extent there
is a decline in interest rates, the value of interest rate swaps or caps
could decline, and result in a decline in the net asset value of the
Fund’s common shares. In addition, if the counterparty to an interest rate
swap or cap defaults, the Fund would not be able to use the anticipated
net receipts under the interest rate swap or cap to offset its cost of
financial leverage.
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Arbitrage
Risk
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A
part of the Investment Adviser’s investment operations may involve spread
positions between two or more securities, or derivatives positions
including commodities hedging positions, or a combination of the
foregoing. The Investment Adviser’s trading operations also may involve
arbitraging between two securities or commodities, between the security,
commodity and related options or derivatives markets, between spot and
futures or forward markets, and/or any combination of the above. To the
extent the price relationships between such positions remain constant, no
gain or loss on the positions will occur. These offsetting positions
entail substantial risk that the price differential could change
unfavorably, causing a loss to the position.
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Equity Securities
Risk
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Master
limited partnership common units and other equity securities of master
limited partnerships and Other Natural Resource Companies can be affected
by macroeconomic, political, global and other factors affecting the stock
market in general, expectations of interest rates, investor sentiment
towards master limited partnerships or the natural resource sector,
changes in a particular company’s financial condition, or the unfavorable
or unanticipated poor performance of a particular master limited
partnership or Other Natural Resource Company (which, in the case of a
master limited partnership, is generally measured in terms of
distributable cash flow). Prices of common units and other equity
securities of individual master limited partnerships and Other Natural
Resource Companies can also be affected by fundamentals unique to the
partnership or company, including earnings power and coverage
ratios.
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MLP Subordinated
Units. Master limited partnership subordinated units are
not typically listed on an exchange or publicly traded. Holders of master
limited partnership subordinated units are entitled to receive a
distribution only after the MQD has been paid to holders of common units,
but prior to payment of incentive distributions to the general partner or
managing member. Master limited partnership subordinated units generally
do not provide arrearage rights. Most master limited partnership
subordinated units are convertible into common units after the passage of
a specified period of time or upon the achievement by the master limited
partnership of specified financial goals.
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General Partner and Managing
Member Interests. General
partner and managing member interests are not publicly traded, though they
may be owned by publicly traded entities such as GP MLPs. A holder of
general partner or managing member interests can be liable in certain
circumstances for amounts greater than the amount of the holder’s
investment. In addition, while a general partner or managing member’s
incentive distribution rights can mean that general partners and managing
members have higher distribution growth prospects than their
underlying
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master
limited partnerships, these incentive distribution payments would decline
at a greater rate than the decline rate in quarterly distributions to
common or subordinated unit holders in the event of a reduction in the
master limited partnership’s quarterly distribution. A general partner or
managing member interest can be redeemed by the master limited partnership
if the master limited partnership unit holders choose to remove the
general partner, typically by a supermajority vote of the limited partners
or members.
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Small-Cap and Mid-Cap Company
Risk
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Certain
of the MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies in which the Fund may
invest may have small or medium-sized market capitalizations (“small-cap”
and “mid-cap” companies, respectively). Investing in the securities of
small-cap or mid-cap MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies presents
some particular investment risks. These MLPs and Other Natural Resource
Companies may have limited product lines and markets, as well as shorter
operating histories, less experienced management and more limited
financial resources than larger MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies,
and may be more vulnerable to adverse general market or economic
developments. Stocks of these MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies
may be less liquid than those of larger MLPs and Other Natural Resource
Companies, and may experience greater price fluctuations than larger MLPs
and Other Natural Resource Companies. In addition, small-cap or mid-cap
company securities may not be widely followed by investors, which may
result in reduced demand.
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Leverage
Risk
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The
Fund may use leverage through the issuance of Preferred Shares, commercial
paper or notes, other forms of borrowing or both. The use of leverage,
which can be described as exposure to changes in price at a ratio greater
than the amount of equity invested, either through the issuance of
Preferred Shares, borrowing or other forms of market exposure, magnifies
both the favorable and unfavorable effects of price movements in the
investments made by the Fund. Insofar as the Fund employs leverage in its
investment operations, the Fund will be subject to increased risk of
loss.
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Preferred Share
Risk. Preferred Share risk is the risk associated with
the issuance of the Preferred Shares to leverage the common shares. If the
Fund issues Preferred Shares, the net asset value and market value of the
common shares will be more volatile, and the yield to the holders of
common shares will tend to fluctuate with changes in the shorter-term
dividend rates on the Preferred Shares. If the dividend rate on the
Preferred Shares approaches the net rate of return on the Fund’s
investment portfolio, the benefit of leverage to the holders of the common
shares would be reduced. If the dividend rate on the Preferred Shares
exceeds the net rate of return on the Fund’s portfolio, the leverage will
result in a lower rate of return to the holders of common shares than if
the Fund had not issued Preferred Shares.
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In
addition, the Fund will pay (and the holders of common shares will bear)
all costs and expenses relating to the issuance and ongoing maintenance of
the Preferred Shares, including higher advisory fees. Accordingly, the
Fund cannot assure you that the issuance of Preferred Shares will result
in a higher yield or return to the holders of the common shares. Costs of
the offering of Preferred Shares will be borne immediately by the Fund’s
common shareholders and result in a reduction of net asset value of the
common shares.
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Similarly,
any decline in the net asset value of the Fund’s investments will be borne
entirely by the holders of common shares. Therefore, if the market value
of the Fund’s portfolio declines, the leverage will result in a greater
decrease in net asset value to the holders of common shares than if the
Fund were not leveraged. This greater net asset value decrease will also
tend to cause a greater decline in the market price for the common shares.
The Fund might be in danger of failing to maintain the required asset
coverage of the Preferred Shares or of losing its ratings on the Preferred
Shares or, in an extreme case, the Fund’s current investment income might
not be sufficient to meet the dividend requirements on the Preferred
Shares. In order to counteract such an event, the Fund might need to
liquidate investments in order to fund a redemption of some
or
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all
of the Preferred Shares. Liquidation at times of low municipal bond prices
may result in capital loss and may reduce returns to the holders of common
shares.
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Preferred Shareholders May
Have Disproportionate Influence over the
Fund. If Preferred Shares are issued, holders of
Preferred Shares may have differing interests than holders of common
shares and holders of Preferred Shares may at times have disproportionate
influence over the Fund’s affairs. If Preferred Shares are issued, holders
of Preferred Shares, voting separately as a single class, would have the
right to elect two members of the Board of Trustees at all times. The
remaining members of the Board of Trustees would be elected by holders of
common shares and Preferred Shares, voting as a single class. The 1940 Act
also requires that, in addition to any approval by shareholders that might
otherwise be required, the approval of the holders of a majority of any
outstanding Preferred Shares, voting separately as a class, would be
required to (i) adopt any plan of reorganization that would adversely
affect the Preferred Shares and (ii) take any action requiring a vote
of security holders under Section 13(a) of the 1940 Act, including,
among other things, changes in the Fund’s subclassification as a
closed-end fund or changes in its fundamental investment
restrictions.
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Credit
Facility. The Fund may enter into definitive agreements
with respect to a credit facility. The Fund may negotiate with
commercial banks to arrange a credit facility pursuant to which the Fund
would be entitled to borrow an amount equal to approximately 33 1/3% of
the Fund's Managed Assets (i.e. 50% of the Fund's net assets attributable
to the Fund's common shares). Any such borrowings would constitute
financial leverage. Such a facility is not expected to be convertible into
any other securities of the Fund. Any outstanding amounts are
expected to be prepayable by the Fund prior to final maturity without
significant penalty, and there are not expected to be any sinking fund or
mandatory retirement provisions. Outstanding amounts would be payable at
maturity or such earlier times as required by the agreement. The Fund may
be required to prepay outstanding amounts under a facility or incur a
penalty rate of interest in the event of the occurrence of certain events
of default. The Fund would be expected to indemnify the lenders under the
facility against liabilities they may incur in connection with the
facility. The Fund may be required to pay commitment fees under the terms
of any such facility. With the use of borrowings, there is a risk that the
interest rates paid by the Fund on the amount it borrows will be higher
than the return on the Fund’s investments.
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The
Fund expects that such a credit facility would contain covenants that,
among other things, likely will limit the Fund’s ability to: (i) pay
dividends in certain circumstances, (ii) incur additional debt and
(iii) change its fundamental investment policies and engage in
certain transactions, including mergers and consolidations. In addition,
it may contain a covenant requiring asset coverage ratios in addition to
those required by the 1940 Act. The Fund may be required to pledge its
assets and to maintain a portion of its assets in cash or high-grade
securities as a reserve against interest or principal payments and
expenses. The Fund expects that any credit facility would have customary
covenant, negative covenant and default provisions. There can be no
assurance that the Fund will enter into an agreement for a credit facility
on terms and conditions representative of the foregoing or that additional
material terms will not apply. In addition, if entered into, any such
credit facility may in the future be replaced or refinanced by one or more
credit facilities having substantially different terms or by the issuance
of Preferred Shares.
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The
Fund has entered into a fully collateralized borrowing arrangement with
Credit Suisse. Proceeds from the borrowing arrangement are used
to execute the Fund's investment objective. The borrowing
arrangement is collateralized with investments held for the benefit of
Credit Suisse at the Fund's custodian, which exceed the amount
borrowed.
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Portfolio Guidelines of Rating
Agencies for Preferred Share and/or Credit
Facility. In order to obtain and maintain the required
ratings of loans from a credit facility, the Fund will be required to
comply with investment quality, diversification and other guidelines
established by Moody’s and/or S&P or the credit facility,
respectively. Such guidelines will likely be more restrictive than the
restrictions otherwise applicable to the Fund as described in this
prospectus. The Fund does not anticipate that such guidelines would have a
material adverse effect on the Fund’s
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holders
of common shares or its ability to achieve its investment objective. No
minimum rating is required for the issuance of Preferred Shares by the
Fund. Moody’s and S&P would receive fees in connection with their
ratings issuances.
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Securities Lending
Risk
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The
Fund may lend its portfolio securities (up to a maximum of one-third of
its Managed Assets) to banks or dealers which meet the creditworthiness
standards established by the Board of Trustees of the Fund. Securities
lending is subject to the risk that loaned securities may not be available
to the Fund on a timely basis and the Fund may, therefore, lose the
opportunity to sell the securities at a desirable price. Any loss in the
market price of securities loaned by the Fund that occurs during the term
of the loan would be borne by the Fund and would adversely affect the
Fund’s performance. Also, there may be delays in recovery, or no recovery,
of securities loaned or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the
borrower of the securities fail financially while the loan is outstanding.
These risks may be greater for non-U.S. securities.
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Non-Diversification
Risk
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The
Fund is a non-diversified, closed-end management investment company under
the 1940 Act. The Fund may invest a relatively high percentage of its
assets in a limited number of issuers. To the extent the Fund invests a
relatively high percentage of the Fund’s assets in the securities of a
limited number of issuers, the Fund may be more susceptible than a more
widely diversified investment company to any single economic, political or
regulatory occurrence.
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|
Valuation
Risk
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|
Market
prices may not be readily available for certain of the Fund’s investments,
and the value of such investments will ordinarily be determined based on
fair valuations determined by the Board of Trustees or its designee
pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board of Trustees. Restrictions on
resale or the absence of a liquid secondary market may adversely affect
the Fund’s ability to determine its net asset value. The sale price of
securities that are not readily marketable may be lower or higher than the
Fund’s most recent determination of their fair value.
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|
Additionally,
the value of these securities typically requires more reliance on the
judgment of the Investment Adviser than that required for securities for
which there is an active trading market. Due to the difficulty in valuing
these securities and the absence of an active trading market for these
investments, the Fund may not be able to realize these securities’ true
value or may have to delay their sale in order to do so.
|
|
Fair
value is defined as the amount for which assets could be sold in an
orderly disposition over a reasonable period of time, taking into account
the nature of the asset. Fair value pricing, however, involves judgments
that are inherently subjective and inexact, since fair valuation
procedures are used only when it is not possible to be sure what value
should be attributed to a particular asset or when an event will affect
the market price of an asset and to what extent. As a result, there can be
no assurance that fair value pricing will reflect actual market value and
it is possible that the fair value determined for a security will be
materially different from the value that actually could be or is realized
upon the sale of that asset. See “Net Asset Value.”
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|
Portfolio Turnover
Risk
|
|
The
Fund anticipates that its annual portfolio turnover rate will be
approximately 25%, but that rate may vary greatly from year to year.
Portfolio turnover rate is not considered a limiting factor in the
Investment Adviser’s execution of investment decisions. A higher portfolio
turnover rate results in correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and
other transactional expenses that are borne by the Fund.
|
|
Strategic Transactions
Risk
|
|
The
Fund may engage in Strategic Transactions, including the purchase and sale
of derivative investments such as exchange-listed and over-the-counter put
and call options on securities, equity, fixed income and interest rate
indices, and other financial instruments, and may enter into
|
various
interest rate transactions such as swaps, caps, floors or collars or
credit transactions and credit default swaps and invest in forward
contracts. The Fund also may purchase derivative investments that combine
features of these instruments. The use of derivatives has risks, including
the imperfect correlation between the value of such instruments and the
underlying assets, the possible default of the other party to the
transaction or illiquidity of the derivative investments. Furthermore, the
ability to successfully use these techniques depends on the Fund’s ability
to predict pertinent market movements, which cannot be assured. Thus,
their use may result in losses greater than if they had not been used, may
require the Fund to sell or purchase portfolio securities at inopportune
times or for prices other than current market values, may limit the amount
of appreciation the Fund can realize on an investment or may cause the
Fund to hold a security that it might otherwise sell. Additionally,
amounts paid by the Fund as premiums and cash, or other assets held in
margin accounts with respect to derivative transactions, are not otherwise
available to the Fund for investment purposes.
|
|
The
Fund may write covered call options. As the writer of a covered call
option, the Fund gives up the opportunity during the option’s life to
profit from increases in the market value of the security covering the
call option above the sum of the premium and the strike price of the call,
but the Fund retains the risk of loss should the price of the underlying
security decline.
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|
The
Fund may also write uncovered call options (i.e., where the Fund does not
own the underlying security or index) to a limited extent. Similar to a
naked short sale, writing an uncovered call creates the risk of an
unlimited loss, in that the price of the underlying security could
theoretically increase without limit, thus increasing the cost of buying
those securities to cover the call option if it is exercised before it
expires. There can be no assurance that the securities necessary to cover
the call option will be available for purchase. Purchasing securities to
cover an uncovered call option can itself cause the price of the
securities to rise, further exacerbating the loss.
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|
The
writer of an option has no control over the time when it may be required
to fulfill its obligation as a writer of the option. Once an option writer
has received an exercise notice, it cannot effect a closing purchase
transaction in order to terminate its obligation under the option and must
deliver the underlying security at the exercise price. There can be no
assurance that a liquid market will exist when the Fund seeks to close out
an option position. If trading were suspended in an option purchased by
the Fund, the Fund would not be able to close out the option. If the Fund
were unable to close out a covered call option that the Fund had written
on a security, the Fund would not be able to sell the underlying security
unless the option expired without exercise. If the Fund were unable to
close out an uncovered call option that the Fund had written on a
security, the Fund retains the risk of a price increase in the underlying
security until the Fund purchases the security or the option expires
without exercise.
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|
Depending
on whether the Fund would be entitled to receive net payments from the
counterparty on a swap or cap, which in turn would depend on the general
state of short-term interest rates at that point in time, a default by a
counterparty could negatively impact the performance of the Fund’s common
shares. In addition, at the time an interest rate swap or cap transaction
reaches its scheduled termination date, there is a risk that the Fund
would not be able to obtain a replacement transaction or that the terms of
the replacement would not be as favorable as on the expiring transaction.
If this occurs, it could have a negative impact on the performance of the
Fund’s common shares. If the Fund fails to maintain any required asset
coverage ratios in connection with any use by the Fund of Leverage
Instruments, the Fund may be required to redeem or prepay some or all of
the Leverage Instruments. Such redemption or prepayment would likely
result in the Fund’s seeking to terminate early all or a portion of any
swap or cap transactions. Early termination of a swap could result in a
termination payment by or to the Fund. Early termination of a cap could
result in a termination payment to the Fund.
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|
The
Fund intends to segregate liquid assets against or otherwise cover its
future obligations under such swap or cap transactions, in order to
provide that its future commitments for which the Fund has not segregated
liquid assets against or otherwise covered, together with any outstanding
Leverage Instruments, will not exceed the applicable limits of the 1940
Act . In addition, such
|
transactions
and other use of Leverage Instruments by the Fund will be subject to the
asset coverage requirements of the 1940 Act.
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|
The
use of interest rate swaps and caps is a highly specialized activity that
involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated
with ordinary portfolio security transactions. Depending on market
conditions in general, the Fund’s use of swaps or caps could enhance or
harm the overall performance of its common shares. For example, the Fund
may use interest rate swaps and caps in connection with any use by the
Fund of Leverage Instruments. To the extent there is a decline in interest
rates, the value of the interest rate swap or cap could decline, and could
result in a decline in the net asset value of the Fund’s common shares. In
addition, if short-term interest rates are lower than the Fund’s fixed
rate of payment on the interest rate swap, the swap will reduce common
shares net earnings. Buying interest rate caps could decrease the net
earnings of the Fund’s common shares in the event that the premium paid by
the Fund to the counterparty exceeds the additional amount the Fund would
have been required to pay had the Fund not entered into the cap
agreement.
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Interest
rate swaps and caps do not involve the delivery of securities or other
underlying assets or principal. Accordingly, the risk of loss with respect
to interest rate swaps is limited to the net amount of interest payments
that the Fund is contractually obligated to make. If the counterparty
defaults, the Fund would not be able to use the anticipated net receipts
under the swap or cap to offset any declines in the value of the Fund’s
portfolio assets being hedged or the increase in its cost of financial
leverage. Depending on whether the Fund would be entitled to receive net
payments from the counterparty on the swap or cap, which in turn would
depend on the general state of the market rates at that point in time,
such a default could negatively impact the performance of the Fund’s
common shares.
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The
Fund may invest in forward contracts entered into directly with banks,
financial institutions and other dealers acting as principal. Forward
contracts may not be liquid in all circumstances, so that in volatile
markets, the Fund to the extent it wishes to do so may not be able to
close out a position by taking another position equal and opposite to such
position on a timely basis or without incurring a sizeable loss. Closing
transactions with respect to forward contracts usually are effected with
the counterparty who is a party to the original forward contract and
generally require the consent of such trader. There can be no assurance
that the Fund will be able to close out its obligations.
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There
are no limitations on daily price moves in forward contracts. Banks and
other financial institutions with which the Fund may maintain accounts may
require the Fund to deposit margin with respect to such trading. Banks are
not required to continue to make markets in forward contracts. There have
been periods during which certain banks have refused to quote prices for
such forward contracts or have quoted prices with an unusually wide spread
between the price at which the bank is prepared to buy and that at which
it is prepared to sell. Trading of forward contracts through banks is not
regulated by any U.S. governmental agency. The Fund will be subject
to the risk of bank failure and the inability of, or refusal by, a bank to
perform with respect to such contracts.
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Convertible Instrument
Risk
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The
Fund may invest in convertible instruments. A convertible instrument is a
bond, debenture, note, preferred stock or other security that may be
converted into or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common shares of
the same or a different issuer within a particular period of time at a
specified price or formula. Convertible debt instruments have
characteristics of both fixed income and equity investments. Convertible
instruments are subject both to the stock market risk associated with
equity securities and to the credit and interest rate risks associated
with fixed-income securities. As the market price of the equity security
underlying a convertible instrument falls, the convertible instrument
tends to trade on the basis of its yield and other fixed-income
characteristics. As the market price of such equity security rises, the
convertible security tends to trade on the basis of its equity conversion
features. The Fund may invest in convertible instruments that have varying
conversion values. Convertible instruments are typically issued
at
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prices
that represent a premium to their conversion value. Accordingly, the value
of a convertible instruments increases (or decreases) as the price of the
underlying equity security increases (or decreases). If a convertible
instrument held by the Fund is called for redemption, the Fund will be
required to permit the issuer to redeem the instrument, or convert it into
the underlying stock, and will hold the stock to the extent the Investment
Adviser determines that such equity investment is consistent with the
investment objective of the Fund.
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|
Short Sales
Risk
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|
Short
selling involves selling securities which may or may not be owned and
borrowing the same securities for delivery to the purchaser, with an
obligation to replace the borrowed securities at a later date. Short
selling allows the short seller to profit from declines in market prices
to the extent such declines exceed the transaction costs and the costs of
borrowing the securities. A naked short sale creates the risk of an
unlimited loss, in that the price of the underlying security could
theoretically increase without limit, thus increasing the cost of buying
those securities to cover the short position. There can be no assurance
that the securities necessary to cover a short position will be available
for purchase. Purchasing securities to close out the short position can
itself cause the price of the securities to rise, further exacerbating the
loss.
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|
The
Fund’s obligation to replace the borrowed security will be secured by
collateral deposited with the broker-dealer, usually cash,
U.S. government securities or other liquid securities similar to
those borrowed. The Fund also will be required to segregate similar
collateral to the extent, if any, necessary so that the value of both
collateral amounts in the aggregate is at all times equal to at least 100%
of the current market value of the security sold short. Depending on
arrangements made with the broker-dealer from which the Fund borrowed the
security regarding payment over of any payments received by the Fund on
such security, the Fund may not receive any payments (including interest)
on the Fund’s collateral deposited with such broker-dealer.
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|
Inflation
Risk
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|
Inflation
risk is the risk that the value of assets or income from investment will
be worth less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. As
inflation increases, the real value of the Fund’s common shares and
dividends can decline.
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|
Debt Securities
Risks
|
|
Debt
securities are subject to many of the risks described elsewhere in this
section. In addition, they are subject to credit risk, prepayment risk
and, depending on their quality, other special risks.
|
|
Credit
Risk. An issuer of a debt security may be unable to make
interest payments and repay principal. The Fund could lose money if the
issuer of a debt obligation is, or is perceived to be, unable or unwilling
to make timely principal and/or interest payments, or to otherwise honor
its obligations. The downgrade of a security may further decrease its
value.
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|
Below Investment Grade and
Unrated Debt Securities Risk. Below
investment grade debt securities in which the Fund may invest are rated
from B3 to Ba1 by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., from B- to BB+ by Fitch
Ratings or Standard & Poor’s, or comparably rated by another
rating agency. Below investment grade and unrated debt securities
generally pay a premium above the yields of U.S. government
securities or debt securities of investment grade issuers because they are
subject to greater risks than these securities. These risks, which reflect
their speculative character, include the following: greater yield and
price volatility; greater credit risk and risk of default; potentially
greater sensitivity to general economic or industry conditions; potential
lack of attractive resale opportunities (illiquidity); and additional
expenses to seek recovery from issuers who default.
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|
In
addition, the prices of these below investment grade and unrated debt
securities are more sensitive to negative developments, such as a decline
in the issuer’s revenues, downturns in profitability in the natural
resource industry or a general economic downturn, than are the prices of
higher-grade securities. Below investment grade and unrated debt
securities tend to be less
|
liquid
than investment grade securities and the market for below investment grade
and unrated debt securities could contract further under adverse market or
economic conditions. In such a scenario, it may be more difficult for the
Fund to sell these securities in a timely manner or for as high a price as
could be realized if such securities were more widely traded. The market
value of below investment grade and unrated debt securities may be more
volatile than the market value of investment grade securities and
generally tends to reflect the market’s perception of the creditworthiness
of the issuer and short-term market developments to a greater extent than
investment grade securities, which primarily reflect fluctuations in
general levels of interest rates. In the event of a default by a below
investment grade or unrated debt security held in the Fund’s portfolio in
the payment of principal or interest, the Fund may incur additional
expense to the extent the Fund is required to seek recovery of such
principal or interest.
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|
For
a description of the ratings categories of certain rating agencies, see
Appendix A to this prospectus.
|
|
Reinvestment
Risk. Certain debt instruments, particularly below
investment grade securities, may contain call or redemption provisions
which would allow the issuer of the debt instrument to prepay principal
prior to the debt instrument’s stated maturity. This is also sometimes
known as prepayment risk. Prepayment risk is greater during a falling
interest rate environment as issuers can reduce their cost of capital by
refinancing higher yielding debt instruments with lower yielding debt
instruments. An issuer may also elect to refinance its debt instruments
with lower yielding debt instruments if the credit standing of the issuer
improves. To the extent debt securities in the Fund’s portfolio are called
or redeemed, the Fund may be forced to reinvest in lower yielding
securities.
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|
ETN and ETF
Risk
|
|
An
ETN or ETF that is based on a specific index may not be able to replicate
and maintain exactly the composition and relative weighting of securities
in the index. An ETN or ETF also incurs certain expenses not incurred by
its applicable index. The market value of an ETN or ETF share may differ
from its net asset value; the share may trade at a premium or discount to
its net asset value, which may be due to, among other things, differences
in the supply and demand in the market for the share and the supply and
demand in the market for the underlying assets of the ETN or ETF. In
addition, certain securities that are part of the index tracked by an ETN
or ETF may, at times, be unavailable, which may impede the ETN’s or ETF’s
ability to track its index. An ETF that uses leverage can, at times, be
relatively illiquid, which can affect whether its share price approximates
net asset value. As a result of using leverage, an ETF is subject to the
risk of failure in the futures and options markets it uses to obtain
leverage and the risk that a counterparty will default on its obligations,
which can result in a loss to the Fund. Although an ETN is a debt
security, it is unlike a typical bond, in that there are no periodic
interest payments and principal is not protected.
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|
Terrorism and Market
Disruption Risk
|
|
The
terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 had a disruptive effect on
the U.S. economy and securities markets. United States military and
related action in Iraq and Afghanistan is ongoing and events in the Middle
East could have significant, continuing adverse effects on the
U.S. economy in general and the natural resource sector in
particular. Global political and economic instability could affect an
MLP’s or an Other Natural Resource Company’s operations in unpredictable
ways, including through disruptions of natural resource supplies and
markets and the resulting volatility in commodity prices. The
U.S. government has issued warnings that natural resource assets,
specifically pipeline infrastructure and production, transmission and
distribution facilities, may be future targets of terrorist activities. In
addition, changes in the insurance markets have made certain types of
insurance more difficult, if not impossible, to obtain and have generally
resulted in increased premium costs.
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Investment Management
Risk
|
The
Fund’s portfolio is subject to investment management risk because it will
be actively managed. The Investment Adviser will apply investment
techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions for the Fund,
but there can be no guarantee that they will produce the desired
results.
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|
The
decisions with respect to the management of the Fund are made exclusively
by the Investment Adviser, subject to the oversight of the Board of
Trustees. Investors have no right or power to take part in the management
of the Fund. The Investment Adviser also is responsible for all of the
trading and investment decisions of the Fund. In the event of the
withdrawal or bankruptcy of the Investment Adviser, generally the affairs
of the Fund will be wound-up and its assets will be
liquidated.
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|
Dependence on Key Personnel of
the Investment Adviser
|
|
The
Fund is dependent upon the Investment Adviser’s key personnel for its
future success and upon their access to certain individuals and
investments in the natural resource industry. In particular, the Fund will
depend on the diligence, skill and network of business contacts of the
personnel of the Investment Adviser and its portfolio managers, who will
evaluate, negotiate, structure, close and monitor the Fund’s investments.
The portfolio managers do not have long-term employment contracts with the
Investment Adviser, although they do have equity interests and other
financial incentives to remain with the firm. For a description of the
Investment Adviser, see “Management of the Fund — Investment
Adviser.” The Fund will also depend on the senior management of the
Investment Adviser, including particularly Jerry V. Swank. The departure
of Mr. Swank or another of the Investment Adviser’s senior management
could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its
investment objective. In addition, the Fund can offer no assurance that
the Investment Adviser will remain its investment adviser, or that the
Fund will continue to have access to the Investment Adviser’s industry
contacts and deal flow.
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|
Conflicts of Interest with the
Investment Adviser
|
|
Conflicts
of interest may arise because the Investment Adviser and its affiliates
generally will be carrying on substantial investment activities for other
clients, including, but not limited to, the Affiliated Funds, in which the
Fund will have no interest. The Investment Adviser or its affiliates may
have financial incentives to favor certain of such accounts over the Fund.
Any of their proprietary accounts and other customer accounts may compete
with the Fund for specific trades. The Investment Adviser or its
affiliates may buy or sell securities for the Fund which differ from
securities bought or sold for other accounts and customers, even though
their investment objectives and policies may be similar to the Fund’s.
Situations may occur when the Fund could be disadvantaged because of the
investment activities conducted by the Investment Adviser and its
affiliates for their other accounts. Such situations may be based on,
among other things, legal or internal restrictions on the combined size of
positions that may be taken for the Fund and the other accounts, limiting
the size of the Fund’s position, or the difficulty of liquidating an
investment for the Fund and the other accounts where the market cannot
absorb the sale of the combined position. Notwithstanding these potential
conflicts of interest, the Fund’s Board of Trustees and officers have a
fiduciary obligation to act in the Fund’s best interest.
|
|
The
Fund’s investment opportunities may be limited by affiliations of the
Investment Adviser or its affiliates with MLPs and Other Natural Resource
Companies. Additionally, to the extent that the Investment Adviser sources
and structures private investments in MLPs and Other Natural Resource
Companies, certain employees of the Investment Adviser may become aware of
actions planned by MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies, such as
acquisitions that may not be announced to the public. It is possible that
the Fund could be precluded from investing in an MLP or an Other Natural
Resource Company about which the Investment Adviser has material
non-public information; however, it is the Investment Adviser’s intention
to ensure that any material non-public information available to certain of
the Investment Adviser’s employees not be shared with those employees
responsible for the purchase and sale of publicly traded MLP
or
|
Other
Natural Resource Company securities.
|
|
The
Investment Adviser manages several Affiliated Funds. Some of the
Affiliated Funds have investment objectives that are similar to or overlap
with the Fund. Further, the Investment Adviser may at some time in the
future manage other investment funds with the same investment objective as
the Fund.
|
|
The
Investment Adviser and its affiliates generally will be carrying on
substantial investment activities for other clients, including, but not
limited to, the Affiliated Funds, in which the Fund will have no interest.
Investment decisions for the Fund are made independently from those of
such other clients; however, from time to time, the same investment
decision may be made for more than one fund or account. When two or more
clients advised by the Investment Adviser or its affiliates seek to
purchase or sell the same publicly traded securities, the securities
actually purchased or sold will be allocated among the clients on a good
faith equitable basis by the Investment Adviser in its discretion in
accordance with the clients’ various investment objectives and procedures
adopted by the Investment Adviser and approved by the Fund’s Board of
Trustees. In some cases, this system may adversely affect the price or
size of the position the Fund may obtain.
|
|
The
Fund’s investment opportunities may be limited by investment opportunities
in the MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies that the Investment
Adviser is evaluating for the Affiliated Funds. To the extent a potential
investment is appropriate for the Fund and one or more of the Affiliated
Funds, the Investment Adviser will need to fairly allocate that investment
to the Fund or an Affiliated Fund, or both, depending on its allocation
procedures and applicable law related to combined or joint transactions.
There may occur an attractive limited investment opportunity suitable for
the Fund in which the Fund cannot invest under the particular allocation
method being used for that investment.
|
|
Under
the 1940 Act, the Fund and its Affiliated Funds may be precluded from
co-investing in private placements of securities. Except as permitted by
law or positions of the staff of the SEC, the Investment Adviser will not
co-invest its other clients’ assets in private transactions in which the
Fund invests. To the extent the Fund is precluded from co-investing, the
Investment Adviser will allocate private investment opportunities among
its clients, including but not limited to the Fund and the Affiliated
Funds, based on allocation policies that take into account several
suitability factors, including the size of the investment opportunity, the
amount each client has available for investment and the client’s
investment objectives. These allocation policies may result in the
allocation of investment opportunities to an Affiliated Fund rather than
to the Fund.
|
|
The
management fee payable to the Investment Adviser is based on the value of
the Fund’s Managed Assets, as periodically determined. A significant
percentage of the Fund’s Managed Assets may be illiquid securities
acquired in private transactions for which market quotations will not be
readily available. Although the Fund will adopt valuation procedures
designed to determine valuations of illiquid securities in a manner that
reflects their fair value, there typically is a range of possible prices
that may be established for each individual security. Senior management of
the Investment Adviser, the Fund’s Board of Trustees and its Valuation
Committee will participate in the valuation of its securities. See “Net
Asset Value.”
|
|
Skadden,
Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, counsel to the Fund in this offering,
also represents the Investment Adviser. Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher
& Flom LLP does not purport to represent the separate interests of the
investors and has assumed no obligation to do so. Accordingly, the
investors have not had the benefit of independent counsel in the
structuring of the Fund or determination of the relative interests, rights
and obligations of the Fund’s investment adviser and the
investors.
|
|
Listing and
Symbol
|
Shares
of the Fund are listed on the New York Stock Exchange. The trading symbol
is “SRV.”
|
Transfer Agent and
Dividend-
Disbursing
Agent
|
Under
a transfer agency and service agreement among Computershare Trust Company,
N.A., Computershare Inc. and the Fund, Computershare Trust Company, N.A.
serves as the Fund’s transfer agent, registrar and administrator of its
dividend reinvestment plan, and Computershare
|
Inc.
serves as dividend disbursing agent and may act on behalf of Computershare
Trust Company, N.A. in providing certain of the services covered by the
agreement.
|
|
Custodian
|
U.S.
Bank National Association serves as the custodian of the Fund’s securities
and other assets.
|
SUMMARY
OF FUND EXPENSES
|
The
following table assumes the Fund has borrowed in the amount equal to 33
1/3% of the Fund’s Managed Assets (i.e., 50% of its net assets
attributable to the Fund’s common shares) and shows the Fund’s expenses as
a percentage of net assets attributable to its common
shares.
|
Shareholder
Transaction Expenses:
|
|
Sales
Load Paid by Investors (as a percentage of offering price)
|
None
|
Offering
Expenses Borne by the Fund (as a percentage of offering
price)(1)
|
100%
|
Dividend
Reinvestment Plan Fees(2)
|
None
|
Percentage
of Net Assets Attributable to Common Shares
|
(Assumes
Leverage Instruments are Used)(3)
|
Annual
Expenses:
|
|
Management
Fees(5)
|
1.88%
|
Interest
Payments on Borrowed Funds(6)
|
1.75%
|
Other
Expenses(4)
|
.38%
|
Total
Annual Expenses(5)
|
4.01%
|
(1)
|
Amount
reflects estimated offering expenses of $[ ] borne by the
Fund.
|
(2)
|
Investors
who hold shares in a dividend reinvestment account and request a sale of
shares through the dividend reinvestment plan agent are subject to a
$15.00 sales fee and pay a brokerage commission of $0.12 per share
sold.
|
Percentage
of Net Assets Attributable to Common Shares
|
(Assumes
No Leverage Instruments Are Used)
|
Annual
Expenses:
|
|
Management
Fees(5)
|
1.25%
|
Interest
Payments on Borrowed Funds
|
None
|
Other
Expenses(4)
|
0.25%
|
Total
Annual Expenses(5)
|
1.50%
|
(4)
|
The
costs of this offering are not included in the expenses shown in this
table. "Other Expenses" are based on estimated amounts
for the current fiscal year.
|
(5)
|
The
Investment Adviser currently intends to reimburse the Fund’s expenses to
the extent that total annual Fund operating expenses, not including
interest payments or other expenses on borrowed funds, exceed 1.50% of
average weekly Managed Assets. The Investment Adviser is not obligated to
do so, however, and reimbursement may be discontinued at any time. Because
holders of any Leverage Instruments do not bear management fees and other
expenses, the cost to shareholders increases as leverage
increases.
|
(6)
|
Assumes
a cost on Leverage Instruments of 3.5%. This rate is an estimate and may
differ based on varying market conditions that may exist when Leverage
Instruments are issued or incurred and depending on the type of Leverage
Instrument issued or incurred. If the Fund issues or incurs Leverage
Instruments in an amount greater than 33 1/3% of Managed Assets, this
amount could increase.
|
The
purpose of the table and the example is to assist prospective investors in
understanding the costs and expenses that an investor in the Fund will
bear directly or indirectly.
|
Example
|
As
required by relevant SEC regulations, the following example illustrates
the expenses (including the estimated offering expenses)
|
that
an investor would pay on a $1,000 investment in the Fund’s common shares,
assuming total annual expenses of 4.01% of net assets attributable to the
Fund’s common shares, the Fund issues Leverage Instruments in an amount
equal to 33 1/3% of Managed Assets (i.e., 50% of net assets attributable
to the Fund’s common shares), and a 5% annual
return:
|
1 Year
|
3 Years
|
5 Years
|
10 Years
|
|||||||||||||||||
$ | 35 | $ | 102 | $ | 171 | $ | 356 |
THE
EXAMPLE SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED A REPRESENTATION OF FUTURE EXPENSES OR
RETURNS. ACTUAL EXPENSES MAY BE GREATER OR LESS THAN THOSE SHOWN.
Moreover, the Fund’s actual rate of return may be greater or less than the
hypothetical 5% return shown in the example. The example assumes that the
estimated “Other Expenses” set out in the Annual Expenses table are
accurate and that all dividends and distributions are reinvested at net
asset value. In the event that the Fund does not use any leverage, an
investor would pay the following expenses based on the assumptions in the
example and total annual expenses of 1.50% of net assets attributable to
the Fund’s common shares: 1 Year, $17; 3 Years, $49;
5 Years, $84; and 10 Years, $181.
|
||||||||||||||||||||
FINANCIAL
HIGHLIGHTS
|
||||||||||||||||||||
The
selected data below sets forth the per share operating performance and
ratios for the period presented. The financial information was derived
from and should be read in conjunction with the Financial Statements of
the Fund and Notes thereto, which are incorporated by reference into this
prospectus and the SAI from the Fund's Annual Report to Shareholders for
the fiscal year ended November 30, 2007. The financial information for the
period from August 27, 2007 (commencement of operations) to November 30,
2007 has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, the Fund’s independent
registered public accounting firm, whose unqualified report on such
Financial Statements is incorporated by reference into the
SAI.
|
Period
from
August
27, 2007(1)
through
November
30, 2007
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Per
Common Share Data(2)
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Public
offering price
|
$ | 20.00 | ||||||||||||||||||
Underwriting
discounts and offering costs on issuance of common shares
|
(0.94 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Income
from Investment Operations:
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Net
investment income
|
0.30 | |||||||||||||||||||
Net
realized and unrealized loss on investments
|
(0.89 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Total
decrease from investment operations
|
(0.59 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Less
Distributions to Common Stockholders:
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Net
Investment income
|
- | |||||||||||||||||||
Return
of capital
|
(0.30 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Total
dividends to common stockholders
|
(0.30 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Net
Asset Value, end of period
|
$ | 18.17 | ||||||||||||||||||
Per
common share market value, end of period
|
$ | 16.71 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total
Investment Return Based on Market Value(3)
|
(14.84 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||
Supplemental
Data and Ratios
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Net
assets applicable to common stockholders, end of period
(000's)
|
$ | 159,103 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ratio
of expenses (including current and deferred income tax benefit)
to
average
net assets before waiver(4)(5)
|
(4.53 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||
Ratio
of expenses (including current and deferred income tax benefit)
to
average
net assets after waiver(4)(5)
|
(5.18 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||
Ratio
of expenses (excluding current and deferred income tax benefit)
to
average
net assets before waiver(4)(5)(6)
|
2.69 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Ratio
of expenses (excluding current and deferred income tax benefit)
to
average
net assets after waiver(4)(5)(6)
|
2.04 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets before waiver(4)(5)(6)
|
(0.48 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets after waiver(4)(5)(6)
|
0.17 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets after current
and
deferred
income tax benefit, before waiver(4)(5)
|
6.74 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets after current
and
|
7.39 | % |
deferred
income tax benefit, after waiver(4)(5)
|
||
Portfolio
turnover rate
|
15.15
|
%
|
(1)
|
Commencement
of Operations
|
(2)
|
Information
presented relates to a share of common stock outstanding for the entire
period.
|
(3)
|
Not
Annualized. Total investment return is calculated assuming a purchase of
common stock at the initial public offering price and a sale at the
closing price on the last day of the period reported. The
calculation also assumes reinvestment of dividends at actual prices
pursuant to the Fund's dividend reinvestment plan. Total
investment return does not reflect brokerage
commissions.
|
(4)
|
Annualized
for periods less than one full
year.
|
(5)
|
For
the period from August 27, 2007 through November 30, 2007 the Fund accrued
$3,153,649 in net deferred income tax
benefit.
|
(6)
|
This
ratio excludes current and deferred income tax benefit on net investment
income.
|
THE
FUND
|
|
The
Cushing MLP Total Return Fund is a recently organized, non-diversified,
closed-end management investment company registered under the 1940 Act.
The Fund was formed as a Delaware statutory trust on May 23, 2007.
The Fund has limited operating and trading history. The Fund’s principal
office is located at 3300 Oak Lawn Avenue, Suite 650, Dallas, TX
75219, and its telephone number is (214) 692-6334. You may call
toll-free (800) 662-7232 to request information or make shareholder
inquiries.
|
|
The
Cushing name originates from a city in Oklahoma of the same name that was
a center for the exploration, production and storage of crude oil during
the early 20th century. Cushing, Oklahoma, with its large amount of energy
infrastructure assets, is currently a major storage and trading clearing
hub for crude oil and refined products in the United
States.
|
|
USE
OF PROCEEDS
|
|
The
net proceeds of this offering of common shares will be approximately
$[ ], after payment by the Fund of estimated offering
expenses of $[ ].
|
|
The
Fund anticipates that it will be able to invest substantially all of the
net proceeds of this offering in accordance with its investment objectives
and policies within approximately one week after completion of this
offering. Prior to the time the Fund is fully invested, the
proceeds of the offering may temporarily be invested in cash, cash
equivalents, or in debt securities that are rated AA or
higher. Income received by the Fund from these temporary
investments would likely be less than returns sought pursuant to the
Fund’s investment objective and policies.
|
|
INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES
|
|
The
Fund’s investment objective is to obtain a high after-tax total return
from a combination of capital appreciation and current income. There can
be no assurance that the Fund’s investment objective will be achieved. The
Fund intends to focus its investments in MLPs with operations in the
development, production, processing, refining, transportation, storage and
marketing of natural resources.
|
|
The
Fund will generally seek to invest in 20 to 30 issuers with generally no
more than 10% of Managed Assets in any one issue, and no more than 15% of
Managed Assets in any one issuer (for purposes of this limit, the “issuer”
includes both the master limited partnership or limited liability company,
as well as its controlling general partner or managing member), in each
case, determined at the time of investment. Among other things, the
Investment Adviser will use fundamental and proprietary research to seek
to identify the most attractive MLPs and will seek to invest in MLPs that
have distribution growth prospects that, in the Investment Adviser’s view,
are high relative to comparable MLPs and which are not fully reflected in
current pricing. The Investment Adviser believes that the MLPs most likely
to offer such attractive investment characteristics are those that are
relatively small and have proven and motivated management teams that are
able to develop projects organically (“greenfield” or internally
developed) and/or to successfully find, acquire and integrate assets and
companies that enhance value to shareholders. As part of the Fund’s 80%
MLP investment policy, the Investment Adviser will also seek to invest in
GP MLPs. The Investment Adviser believes the distribution growth prospects
of many GP MLPs are high relative to many other master limited
partnerships and the Investment Adviser will
seek
|
to
invest in GP MLPs where the Investment Adviser believes that such growth
is not fully reflected in current pricing. Like master limited
partnerships with strong distribution growth prospects, GP MLPs with
strong growth prospects often trade at prices which result in relatively
low current yields. Since the Investment Adviser will seek to maximize
total return through a focus on master limited partnerships and GP MLPs
with strong distribution growth prospects, the Investment Adviser believes
the current yield of the Fund will be lower than it would be under a more
diversified investment approach. The Investment Adviser will seek to
invest in IPOs and secondary market issuances, PIPE transactions and
private transactions, including pre-acquisition and pre-IPO equity
issuances and investments in private companies.
|
|
Ÿ
|
The
Fund will seek to achieve its investment objective by investing, under
normal market conditions, at least 80% of its net assets, plus any
borrowings for investment purposes, in MLP investments. Entities commonly
referred to as “MLPs” are taxed as partnerships for federal income tax
purposes, and are generally organized under state law as limited
partnerships or limited liability companies. If publicly traded, MLPs must
derive at least 90% of their gross income from qualifying sources as
described in Section 7704 of the Code. For purposes of the Fund’s 80%
policy, “MLP investments” are investments that offer economic exposure to
public and private MLPs in the form of common or subordinated units issued
by MLPs, securities of entities holding primarily general partner or
managing member interests in MLPs, debt securities of MLPs, and securities
that are derivatives of interests in MLPs.
|
Ÿ
|
The
Fund may invest up to 50% of its Managed Assets in securities of MLPs and
Other Natural Resource Companies that are not publicly traded, or that are
otherwise restricted securities. For purposes of this limitation,
“restricted securities” include (i) registered securities of public
companies subject to a lock-up period greater than 30 days,
(ii) unregistered securities of public companies with registration
rights until such securities are registered for resale by the Fund, or
until they become freely tradable with the passage of time, and
(iii) securities of companies that have no class of registered or
publicly offered securities (“privately held” companies). The Fund does
not intend to invest more than 25% of its Managed Assets in securities of
privately held companies.
|
Ÿ
|
The
Fund may invest up to 20% of its Managed Assets in securities of companies
that are not MLPs, including Other Natural Resource Companies, and U.S.
and non-U.S. issuers that may not constitute Other Natural Resource
Companies. These investments may include securities such as partnership
interests, limited liability company interests or units, trust units,
common stock, preferred stock, convertible securities, warrants and
depositary receipts, debt securities, ETNs (typically, unsecured,
unsubordinated debt securities that trade on a securities exchange and are
designed to replicate the returns of market benchmarks minus applicable
fees), and securities issued by investment companies registered under the
1940 Act including ETFs. The Investment Adviser anticipates that the Fund
will generally invest in ETFs or ETNs that focus their investments on the
energy, natural resources, utility, real estate or banking
industries.
|
Ÿ
|
The
Fund may invest up to 20% of its Managed Assets in debt securities of
MLPs, Other Natural Resource Companies and other issuers. Any securities
issued by MLPs, including debt securities, will count towards the Fund’s
80% MLP investment policy.
|
Each
percentage limitation applicable to the Fund’s portfolio described in this
prospectus applies only at the time of investment in the asset to which
the percentage limitation applies, and the Fund will not be required to
sell securities due to subsequent changes in the value of the securities
it owns. The Fund may invest in companies of any market
capitalization.
|
|
At
the time of this offering, the Fund does not intend to invest directly in
commodities, although the Fund’s investments in some MLPs will expose it
to risks similar to risks arising from investing in
commodities.
|
|
The
Fund may, but is not required to, write, purchase or sell put or call
options on securities, equity or fixed-income indices or other
instruments, write, purchase or sell futures contracts or options on
futures, or enter into other Strategic Transactions.
|
|
The
Fund’s investment objective and percentage parameters, including its 80%
MLP investment policy, are not fundamental policies of the Fund and may be
changed without shareholder approval. Shareholders, however, will be
notified in writing of any change at least 60 days prior to effecting
any such change.
|
|
The
Fund’s common shares have limited trading history. Shares of closed-end
funds frequently trade at discounts to their net asset value, which may
increase the risk of loss. The common shares of the Fund have historically
traded below, at or above their net asset value. This creates a risk of
loss for investors purchasing common shares at net asset value in a public
offering.
|
|
THE
FUND’S INVESTMENTS
|
The
Fund’s Investments
|
The
Fund will invest primarily in the securities of MLPs, other equity
securities, debt securities and securities of non-U.S. issuers as
described below.
|
Description
of MLPs
|
Master
limited partnerships are formed as limited partnerships or limited
liability companies and taxed as partnerships for federal income tax
purposes. The securities issued by many master limited partnerships are
listed and traded on a U.S. exchange. A master limited partnership
typically issues general partner and limited partner interests, or
managing member and member interests. The general partner or managing
member manages and often controls, has an ownership stake in, and is
normally eligible to receive incentive distribution payments from, the
master limited partnership. To be treated as a partnership for
U.S. federal income tax purposes, a master limited partnership must
derive at least 90% of its gross income for each taxable year from
specified qualifying sources as described in Section 7704 of the
Code.
|
These
qualifying sources include natural resource-based activities such as the
exploration, development, mining, production, processing, refining,
transportation, storage and marketing of mineral or natural resources. The
general partner or managing member may be structured as a private or
publicly traded corporation or other entity. The general partner or
managing member typically control the operations and management of the
entity through an up to 2% general partner or managing member interest in
the entity plus, in many cases, ownership of some percentage of the
outstanding limited partner or member interests. The limited partners or
members, through their ownership of limited partner or member interests,
provide capital to the entity, are intended to have no role in the
operation and management of the entity and receive cash distributions. Due
to their structure as partnerships for federal income tax purposes, master
limited partnerships generally do not pay federal income taxes. Thus,
unlike investors in corporate securities, direct master limited
partnership investors are generally not subject to double taxation (i.e.,
corporate level tax and tax on corporate dividends). Currently, most
master limited partnerships operate in the energy and midstream, natural
resources, shipping or real estate sectors.
|
MLPs
are typically structured such that common units and general partner
interests have first priority to receive the MQD. Common and general
partner interests also accrue arrearages in distributions to the extent
the MQD is not paid. Once common units and general partner interests have
been paid, subordinated units receive distributions up to the MQD;
however, subordinated units do not accrue arrearages. The subordinated
units are normally owned by the owners or affiliates of the general
partner and convert on a one for one basis into common units, generally in
three to five years after the master limited partnership’s initial public
offering or after certain distribution levels have been exceeded.
Distributable cash in excess of the MQD is distributed to both common and
subordinated units generally on a pro rata basis. The general partner is
also normally eligible to receive incentive distributions if the general
partner operates the business in a manner which results in payment of per
unit distributions that exceed threshold levels above the MQD. As the
general partner increases cash distributions to the limited partners, the
general partner receives an increasingly higher percentage of the
incremental cash distributions. A common arrangement provides that the
general partner can reach a tier where it receives 50% of every
incremental dollar distributed by the master limited partnership. These
incentive distributions encourage the general partner to increase the
partnership’s cash flow and raise the quarterly cash distribution by
pursuing steady cash flow investment opportunities, streamlining costs and
acquiring assets. Such results benefit all security holders of the
MLP.
|
Sector
Outlook
|
|
General. The
Investment Adviser believes that master limited partnerships play a vital
role in the movement of energy resources. Many master limited partnerships
own midstream energy infrastructure assets used to transport, process, and
store natural gas, natural gas liquids, crude oil, and refined petroleum
products. Examples of the midstream “value chain” are shown in certain
charts available in the Fund's prospectus dated August 27, 2007; in the
example, crude oil is gathered, shipped, or trucked from producers
(suppliers) and transported through pipelines to storage/terminal
facilities, refined into petroleum products, and ultimately to end users.
While there are a number of contract structures with varying degrees of
commodity price sensitivity in the Investment Adviser’s experience, these
activities are usually fee-based in nature, in which case revenues are
simply a function of throughput and a dollar rate per unit. Consequently,
cash flows typically have minimal direct commodity price sensitivity,
although they may frequently be exposed to indirect commodity risk. See
“Principal Risks of the Fund — MLP and Other Natural Resource Company
Risks — Commodity Price Risk.” Generally, the natural gas and natural
gas liquids value chain, natural gas is gathered in the field and
transported via pipelines to a central processing facility where the
natural gas liquids are separated from the residue natural gas. The
residue gas is then shipped to end users, and the raw natural gas liquids
go to a fractionation facility. The raw natural gas liquids mix is
separated into its different components (ethane, propane, butane, etc.)
and then delivered to end use markets.
|
|
MLP
operations are often referred to in the context of the following business
segments or subsectors:
|
|
Ÿ
|
Pipeline MLPs. Pipeline
MLPs are common carrier transporters of natural gas, natural gas liquids
(primarily propane, ethane, butane and natural gasoline), crude oil or
refined petroleum products (gasoline, diesel fuel and jet fuel). Pipeline
MLPs may also operate ancillary businesses such as storage and marketing
of such products. Revenue is derived from capacity and transportation
fees. Historically, in the Investment Adviser’s view, pipeline output has
been less exposed to cyclical economic forces due in large part to its low
cost structure and government-regulated nature. In addition, pipeline MLPs
do not have much direct commodity price exposure (as opposed to indirect
exposure) because they do not own the product being
shipped.
|
|
|
Ÿ
|
Processing MLPs.
Processing MLPs include gatherers and processors of natural gas as
well as providers of natural gas liquid transportation, fractionation and
storage services. Revenue is typically derived from providing services to
natural gas producers, which require treatment or processing before their
natural gas commodity can be marketed to utilities and other end user
markets. Revenue for the processor is often fee based, although it is not
uncommon to have some participation in the prices of the natural gas and
natural gas liquids commodities for a portion of
revenue.
|
Ÿ
|
Exploration and Production
MLPs (“E&P MLPs”). E&P MLPs include MLPs that are engaged
in the exploration, development, production and acquisition of crude oil
and natural gas properties. E&P MLP cash flows generally depend on the
volume of crude oil and natural gas produced and the realized prices
received for crude oil and natural gas sales.
|
Ÿ
|
Propane MLPs. Propane
MLPs include MLPs that are distributors of propane to end-users for space
and water heating. Revenue is typically derived from the resale of the
commodity at a margin over wholesale cost. The ability to maintain margin
is often a key to profitability. Propane serves approximately 3% of the
household energy needs in the United States, largely for homes beyond the
geographic reach of natural gas distribution pipelines. Approximately 70%
of annual cash flow can be earned during the winter heating season
(October through March).
|
Ÿ
|
Coal MLPs. Coal MLPs
include MLPs that own, lease and manage coal reserves. Revenue is
typically derived from production and sale of coal, or from royalty
payments related to leases to coal producers. Electricity generation is
the primary use of coal in the United States. Demand for electricity and
supply of alternative fuels to generators are usually the primary drivers
of coal demand. Coal MLPs are subject to operating and production risks,
such as: the MLP or a lessee meeting necessary production volumes;
federal, state and local laws and regulations which may
limit the ability to produce coal; the MLPs’ ability to manage
production costs and pay mining reclamation costs; and the effect on
demand that the EPA’s standards set in the Clean Air Act have on coal
end-users.
|
Ÿ
|
Marine Shipping MLPs.
Marine Shipping MLPs include MLPs that are primarily marine
transporters of natural gas, natural gas liquids, crude oil or refined
petroleum products. Marine shipping MLPs typically derive revenue from
charging customers for the transportation of these products utilizing the
MLPs’ vessels. Transportation services are typically provided pursuant to
a charter or contract, the terms of which vary depending on, for example,
the length of use of a particular vessel, the amount of cargo transported,
the number of voyages made, the parties operating a vessel or other
factors.
|
Investment
Characteristics. The Investment Adviser believes that
the following are characteristics of MLPs that make them attractive
investments:
|
Ÿ
|
Many
MLPs are utility-like in nature and have relatively stable, predictable
cash flows.
|
Ÿ
|
MLPs
provide services which help meet the largely inelastic demand of
U.S. energy consumers. In its International Energy Outlook 2006, the
U.S. Energy Information Administration projects 3.8% annual growth
for worldwide energy demand through 2030.
|
Ÿ
|
Transportation
assets in the interstate and intrastate pipeline sector are typically
backed by relatively long-term contracts and stable transportation rates
(or tariffs) that are regulated by FERC or by state regulatory
commissions.
|
Ÿ
|
High
barriers to entry may protect the business model of some MLPs, since
construction of the physical assets typically owned by these MLPs
generally requires significant capital expenditures and long lead
times.
|
Ÿ
|
As
the location and quality of natural resource supplies change, new
midstream infrastructure such as gathering and transportation pipelines,
treating and processing facilities, and storage facilities is needed to
meet these new logistical needs. Similarly, as the demographics of demand
centers change, new infrastructure is often needed. MLPs are integral
providers of these midstream needs.
|
Ÿ
|
Requirements
for new and additional transportation fuel compositions (e.g., reduced
sulfur diesel and ethanol blends) require additional logistical assets.
MLPs are integral providers of these logistical needs.
|
Ÿ
|
Midstream
assets are typically long-lived and tend to retain their economic value,
and the risk of technological obsolescence is low.
|
Ÿ
|
Master
limited partnerships are “pass-through” entities and do not pay federal
income taxes at the entity level. In general, a portion of their
distribution payments is treated as a return of
capital.
|
Ÿ
|
In
addition to their growth potential, MLP investments are currently offering
higher yields than some investments, such as utilities and REITs. Of
course, there can be no guarantee that the MLP investments in the Fund’s
portfolio will generate higher yields than these other asset classes, and
since the Investment Adviser will seek to maximize total return through a
focus on master limited partnerships and GP MLPs with strong distribution
growth prospects, the Investment Adviser believes the distribution yield
of the Fund will be lower than it would be under a more diversified
investment approach.
|
Sector
Growth. Historically, MLP cash flow and distribution
growth has come primarily from two sources, acquisitions and organic
(internal) expansion projects, which have also contributed to growth in
market capitalization. Much of this growth came from MLPs acquiring
midstream assets from utilities, natural gas pipeline companies, and major
integrated oil companies.
|
Market Cap ($MM) |
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
2003
|
||||
Midstream
|
60,861
|
50,844
|
34,772
|
29,021
|
21,361
|
|||||
Propane
|
6,882
|
5,783
|
4,684
|
4,642
|
3,819
|
|||||
Coal
|
4,588
|
3,924
|
3,786
|
3,744
|
2,173
|
|||||
Shipping
|
3,027
|
2,820
|
1,955
|
921
|
218
|
|||||
Exploration &
Production
|
5,450
|
7,638
|
719
|
647
|
525
|
|||||
G.P.
Equity
|
19,537
|
15,624
|
3,353
|
0
|
0
|
|||||
Other(1)
|
24,808
|
20,636
|
13,593
|
11,580
|
9,938
|
|||||
Total
|
125,153
|
107,268
|
62,861
|
50,555
|
38,034
|
Annual
Energy Outlook 2008
|
Growth
Rate (base year 2005)
|
||||||
10
Year
|
5
Year
|
3
Year
|
1
Year
|
||||
US Natural Gas
Production
|
|||||||
United
States
Total
|
7.98%
|
6.74%
|
6.12%
|
2.39%
|
|||
Lower
48
Onshore
|
4.00%
|
7.16%
|
8.74%
|
5.58%
|
|||
Conventional
|
(20.85%)
|
(3.87%)
|
1.62%
|
2.75%
|
|||
Unconventional
|
19.79%
|
14.56%
|
13.99%
|
7.39%
|
|||
Lower
48
Offshore
|
28.19%
|
7.14%
|
(2.72%)
|
(9.60%)
|
|||
Alaska
|
(17.03%)
|
(9.04%)
|
(10.40%)
|
(8.29%)
|
Region
|
Description |
Throughout
(MMcf/d)
|
Timeframe
|
|||||
Rockies
|
● |
Connecting
Piceance, Unita, Green River, and Powder River Basins to Interstate
network
|
8,026
|
2006-2008
|
||||
Southern
California
|
● |
North
Baja Pipeline
|
572
|
2007
|
||||
Wyoming
to Louisiana
|
● |
To
interconnect with interstate network serving Northeast and Midwest
markets
|
3,700
|
2008
|
||||
Texas,
Louisiana, Mississippi
|
● |
To
interconnect with interstate network serving Northeast and Midwest
markets
|
9,990
|
2006-2008
|
||||
Mexico
|
● |
Exporting
|
4,000
|
2007
|
||||
Mississippi
|
● |
Includes
offshore and LNG related projects
|
21,725
|
2006-2008
|
||||
Florida
|
● |
LNG
sourced natural gas import from Bahamas
|
1,642
|
2008
|
||||
Northern
Florida
|
● |
LNG
sourced natural gas import from Elba
|
345
|
2007
|
||||
New
Jersey
|
● |
Expansions
on existing routes
|
2,190
|
2006-2008
|
||||
Massachusetts
|
● |
Import
expansions
|
770
|
2007-2008
|
||||
Detroit
|
● |
Expansion
to/from Canada
|
245
|
2007
|
||||
Illinois
|
● |
Multiple
expansions between Iowa and Ohio
|
1,610
|
2007-2008
|
||||
Wyoming
to Missouri
|
● |
KM
Rockies Express
|
1,500
|
2008
|
MLP Equity
Securities. Equity securities issued by master limited
partnership typically consist of common and subordinated units (which
represent the limited partner or member interests) and a general partner
or managing member interest.
|
|
Ÿ
|
Common
Units. The common units of many master limited
partnerships are listed and traded on national securities exchanges,
including the NYSE, the AMEX and the NASDAQ. The Fund will typically
purchase such common units through open market transactions and
underwritten offerings, but may also acquire common units through direct
placements and privately negotiated transactions. Holders of master
limited partnership common units typically have very limited control and
voting rights. Holders of such common units are typically entitled to
receive the MQD, including arrearage rights, from the issuer. Generally, a
master limited partnership must pay (or set aside for payment) the MQD to
holders of common units before any distributions may be paid to
subordinated unit holders. In addition, incentive distributions are
typically not paid to the general partner or managing member unless the
quarterly distributions on the common units exceed specified threshold
levels above the MQD. In the event of a liquidation, common unit holders
are intended to have a preference to the remaining assets of the issuer
over holders of subordinated units. Master limited partnerships also issue
different classes of common units that may have different voting, trading,
and distribution rights. The Fund may invest in different classes of
common units.
|
Ÿ
|
Subordinated
Units. Subordinated units, which, like common units,
represent limited partner or member interests, are not typically listed on
an exchange or publicly traded. The Fund will typically purchase
outstanding subordinated units through negotiated transactions directly
with holders of such units or newly-issued subordinated units directly
from the issuer. Holders of such subordinated units are generally entitled
to receive a distribution only after the MQD and any arrearages from prior
quarters have been paid to holders of common units. Holders of
subordinated units typically have the right to receive distributions at
and above the MQD before any incentive distributions are payable to the
general partner or managing member. Subordinated units generally do not
provide arrearage rights. Most master limited partnership subordinated
units are convertible into common units after the passage of a specified
period of time or upon the achievement by the issuer of specified
financial goals. Master limited partnerships also issue different classes
of subordinated units that may have different voting, trading, and
distribution rights. The Fund may invest in different classes of
subordinated units.
|
Ÿ
|
General Partner or Managing
Member Interests. The general partner or managing member
interest in master limited partnerships or limited liability companies is
typically retained by the original sponsors of a master limited
partnership or limited liability company, such as its founders, corporate
partners and entities that sell assets to the master limited partnership
or limited liability company. The holder of the general partner or
managing member interest can be liable in certain circumstances for
amounts greater than the amount of the holder’s investment in the general
partner or managing member. General partner or managing member interests
often confer direct board participation rights in, and in many cases
control over the operations of, the entity. General partner or managing
member interests can be privately held or owned by publicly traded
entities. General partner or managing member interests receive cash
distributions, typically in an amount of up to 2% of available cash, which
is contractually defined in the partnership or limited liability company
agreement. In addition, holders of general partner or managing member
interests typically receive incentive distribution rights, which provide
them with an increasing share of the entity’s aggregate cash distributions
upon the payment of per unit distributions that exceed specified threshold
levels above the MQD. Due to the incentive distribution rights, GP MLPs
have higher distribution growth prospects than their underlying master
limited partnerships, but quarterly incentive distribution payments would
also decline at a greater rate than the decline rate in quarterly
distributions to common and subordinated unit holders in the event of a
reduction in the master limited partnership’s quarterly distribution. The
ability of the limited partners or members to remove the general partner
or managing member without cause is typically very limited. In addition,
some master limited partnerships permit the holder of incentive
distribution rights to reset, under specified circumstances, the incentive
distribution levels and receive compensation in exchange for the
distribution rights given up in the reset.
|
Ÿ
|
I-Shares. I-Shares
represent an ownership interest issued by an MLP affiliate. The MLP
affiliate uses the proceeds from the sale of I-Shares to purchase limited
partnership interests in the MLP in the form of I-units. Thus, I-Shares
represent an indirect limited partner interest in the master limited
partnership. I-units have features similar to MLP common units in terms of
voting rights, liquidation preference and distribution. I-Shares differ
from MLP common units primarily in that instead of receiving cash
distributions, holders of I-Shares will receive distributions of
additional I-Shares in an amount equal to the cash distributions received
by common unit holders. I-Shares are traded on the NYSE or the AMEX. For
purposes of the Fund’s 80% policy, securities that are derivatives of
interests in MLPs are I-Shares or derivative securities that otherwise
have economic characteristics of MLP securities.
|
Other Equity
Securities. The Fund may invest in equity securities of
issuers other than MLPs, including common stocks of Other Natural Resource
Companies and issuers engaged in other sectors, including the finance and
real estate sectors. Such issuers may be organized and/or taxed as
corporations and therefore may not offer the advantageous tax
characteristics of master limited
partnership
|
units.
|
Debt
Securities. The Fund may invest in debt securities
rated, at the time of investment, at least (i) B3 by Moody’s
Investors Service, Inc., (ii) B- by Standard & Poor’s or
Fitch Ratings, or (iii) a comparable rating by another rating agency,
provided, however, that the Fund may invest up to 5% of the Fund’s Managed
Assets in lower rated or unrated debt securities. Debt securities rated
below investment grade are commonly known as “junk bonds” and are regarded
as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay
interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the
obligations, and involve major risk exposure to adverse
conditions.
|
Non-U.S. Securities. The
Fund may invest in non-U.S. securities, including, among other
things, non-U.S. securities represented by ADRs. ADRs are
certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a non-U.S. issuer that
are issued by depositary banks and generally trade on an established
market in the United States or elsewhere.
|
Investment
Practices
|
In
addition to holding the portfolio investments described above, the Fund
may, but is not required to, use the following investment
practices:
|
Use of Derivatives. The Fund
may use derivative investments to hedge certain risks such as overall
market, interest rate and commodity price risks. The Fund may engage in
various interest rate and currency hedging transactions, including buying
or selling options or futures, entering into other transactions including
forward contracts, swaps or options on futures and other derivatives
transactions. The Fund has claimed exclusion from the definition of the
term “commodity pool operator” adopted by the CFTC and the National
Futures Association, which regulate trading in the futures markets.
Therefore, the Fund is not subject to commodity pool operator registration
and regulation under the Commodity Exchange Act.
|
The
Fund may engage in Strategic Transactions. The Fund generally seeks to use
these transactions to manage its effective interest rate exposure,
including the effective yield paid on any leverage used by the Fund,
protect against possible adverse changes in the market value of the
securities held in or to be purchased for its portfolio, or otherwise
protect the value of its portfolio. See “Principal Risks of the
Fund — Strategic Transactions Risk” for a more complete discussion of
these transactions and their risks.
|
In
addition, the Fund may engage in transactions intended to hedge the
currency risk to which it may be exposed. Currency hedging transactions in
which the Fund may engage include buying or selling options or futures or
entering into other foreign currency transactions including forward
foreign currency contracts, currency swaps or options on currency and
currency futures and other derivatives transactions. Hedging transactions
can be expensive and have risks, including the imperfect correlation
between the value of such instruments and the underlying assets, the
possible default of the other party to the transaction or illiquidity of
the derivative instruments. Furthermore, the ability to successfully use
hedging transactions depends on the Investment Adviser’s ability to
predict pertinent market movements, which cannot be assured. See
“Principal Risks of the Fund — Risks Associated with an Investment in
Non-U.S. Companies — Currency Hedging Risk.”
|
The
Fund may also sell short Treasury securities to hedge its interest rate
exposure. When shorting Treasury securities, the loss is limited to the
principal amount that is contractually required to be repaid at maturity
and the interest expense that must be paid at the specified times. See
“Principal Risks of the Fund — Short Sales Risk.”
|
Use of Arbitrage and Other
Strategies. The Fund may use short sales, arbitrage and
other strategies to try to generate additional return. As part of such
strategies, the Fund may engage in paired long-short trades to arbitrage
pricing disparities in securities issued by MLPs and Other Natural
Resource Companies, write (or sell) covered call options on the securities
of MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies or other securities held in
its portfolio, write (or sell) uncovered call options on the securities of
MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies, purchase call options or enter
into swap contracts to increase its exposure to MLPs and Other Natural
Resource Companies, or sell securities short. With a long position, the
Fund purchases a stock outright, but with a short position, it would sell
a security that it does not own and must borrow to meet its settlement
obligations. The Fund will realize a profit or incur a loss from a short
position depending on whether the value of the underlying stock decreases
or increases, respectively, between the time the stock is sold and when
the Fund replaces the borrowed security. To increase its exposure to
certain issuers, the Fund may purchase call options or use swap
agreements. The Fund expects to use these strategies on a limited basis.
See “Principal Risks of the Fund — Short Sales Risk” and “Principal
Risks of the Fund — Strategic Transactions Risk.”
|
Portfolio Turnover. The Fund
anticipates that its annual portfolio turnover rate will be approximately
25%, but that rate may vary greatly from year to year. Portfolio turnover
rate is not considered a limiting factor in the Investment Adviser’s
execution of
|
investment
decisions. A higher portfolio turnover rate results in correspondingly
greater brokerage commissions and other transactional expenses that are
borne by the Fund.
|
Use
of Leverage
|
The
Fund may seek to enhance its total returns through the use of financial
leverage, which may include the issuance of Preferred Shares and other
Leverage Instruments, in each case within the applicable limits of the
1940 Act. The Fund expects that it will initially
leverage through borrowings in an aggregate amount of up to approximately
331/3% of its Managed Assets (i.e. 50% of its net assets attributable to
the Fund's common shares).
|
The
Fund has entered into a fully collateralized borrowing arrangement with
Credit Suisse. Proceeds from the borrowing arrangement are used
to execute the Fund's investment objective. The borrowing
arrangement is collateralized with investments held for the benefit of
Credit Suisse at the Fund's custodian, which exceed the amount
borrowed.
|
The
Fund in the future may decide to leverage through the issuance of
Preferred Shares or other means. After that decision, total leverage of
the Fund is expected to range between 20% to 50% of the Fund’s Managed
Assets (i.e., 25% to 100% of its net assets attributable to the Fund’s
common shares). The Fund may borrow from banks and other financial
institutions.
|
Leverage
creates a greater risk of loss, as well as potential for more gain, for
the Fund’s common shares than if leverage is not used. Leverage
Instruments would have complete priority upon distribution of assets over
common shares. Depending on the type of Leverage Instruments involved, the
Fund’s use of financial leverage may require the approval of its Board of
Trustees. The Fund expects to invest the net proceeds derived from any use
or issuance of Leverage Instruments according to the investment objective
and policies described in this prospectus. If shares of preferred stock
are issued, they would pay adjustable rate dividends based on shorter-term
interest rates, which would be reset periodically by an auction process.
The adjustment period for preferred stock dividends could be as short as
one day or as long as a year or more. So long as the Fund’s portfolio is
invested in securities that provide a higher rate of return than the
dividend rate or interest rate of the Leverage Instrument after taking its
related expenses into consideration, the leverage will cause the Fund’s
common shareholders to receive a higher rate of income than if it was not
leveraged. There is no assurance that the Fund will continue to utilize
Leverage Instruments or, if Leverage Instruments are utilized, that they
will be successful in enhancing the level of the Fund’s total return. The
net asset value of the Fund’s common shares will be reduced by the fees
and issuance costs of any Leverage Instruments.
|
Leverage
creates risk for holders of the Fund’s common shares, including the
likelihood of greater volatility of net asset value and market price of
the shares, and the risk of fluctuations in dividend rates or interest
rates on Leverage Instruments which may affect the return to the holders
of the Fund’s common shares or will result in fluctuations in the
dividends paid by the Fund on its common shares. To the extent the return
on securities purchased with funds received from the use of leverage
exceeds the cost of leverage (including increased expenses to the Fund),
the Fund’s total return will be greater than if leverage had not been
used. Conversely, if the return derived from such securities is less than
the cost of leverage (including increased expenses to the Fund), the
Fund’s total return will be less than if leverage had not been used, and
therefore, the amount available for distribution to the Fund’s common
shareholders will be reduced. In the latter case, the Investment Adviser
in its best judgment nevertheless may determine to maintain the Fund’s
leveraged position if it expects that the benefits to the Fund’s common
shareholders of so doing will outweigh the current reduced return. Under
normal market conditions, the Fund anticipates that it will be able to
invest the proceeds from leverage at a higher rate than the costs of
leverage (including increased expenses to the Fund), which would enhance
returns to the Fund’s common shareholders. The fees paid to the Investment
Adviser will be calculated on the basis of the Fund’s total assets
including proceeds from Leverage Instruments. During periods in which the
Fund uses financial leverage, the investment management fee payable to the
Investment Adviser will be higher than if the Fund did not use a leveraged
capital structure. Consequently, the Fund and the Investment Adviser may
have differing interests in determining whether to leverage the Fund’s
assets. The Board of Trustees will monitor the Fund’s use of leverage and
this potential conflict.
|
The
use of leverage creates risks and involves special considerations. To the
extent that the Fund uses leverage, it expects to utilize hedging
techniques such as swaps and caps on a portion of its leverage to mitigate
potential interest rate risk. See “Principal Risks of the Fund —
Leverage Risk” and “Principal Risks of the Fund — Interest Rate
Hedging Risk.”
|
Delaware
trust law authorizes the Fund, without prior approval of its common
shareholders, to borrow money. In this regard, the Fund may issue notes or
other evidence of indebtedness (including bank borrowings or commercial
paper) and may secure any such borrowings by mortgaging, pledging or
otherwise subjecting as security its assets. In connection with such
borrowing, the Fund may be required to maintain minimum average balances
with the lender or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of
credit.
|
Any
such requirements will increase the cost of borrowing over the stated
interest rate. Under the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Fund,
immediately after any such borrowings, must have “asset coverage” of at
least 300% (33 1/3% of its Managed Assets, or 50% of its net assets
attributable to the Fund’s common shares). With respect to such borrowing,
asset coverage means the ratio which the value of the Fund’s total assets,
less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities
(as defined in the 1940 Act), bears to the aggregate amount of such
borrowing represented by senior securities issued by the
Fund.
|
The
rights of the Fund’s lenders to receive interest on and repayment of
principal of any such borrowings will be senior to those of the Fund’s
common shareholders, and the terms of any such borrowings may contain
provisions which limit certain of the Fund’s activities, including the
payment of dividends to the Fund’s common shareholders in certain
circumstances. Under the 1940 Act, the Fund may not declare any dividend
or other distribution on any class of its stock, or purchase any such
stock, unless its aggregate indebtedness has, at the time of the
declaration of any such dividend or distribution, or at the time of any
such purchase, an asset coverage of at least 300% after declaring the
amount of such dividend, distribution or purchase price, as the case may
be. Further, the 1940 Act does (in certain circumstances) grant the Fund’s
lenders certain voting rights in the event of default in the payment of
interest on or repayment of principal. Subject to its ability to liquidate
its relatively illiquid portfolio, the Fund intends to repay the
borrowings. Any borrowing will likely be ranked senior or equal to all of
the Fund’s other existing and future borrowings.
|
Certain
types of borrowings may result in the Fund being subject to covenants in
credit agreements relating to asset coverage and portfolio composition
requirements. The Fund may be subject to certain restrictions on
investments imposed by guidelines of one or more rating agencies, which
may issue ratings for the Leverage Instruments issued by the Fund. These
guidelines may impose asset coverage or portfolio composition requirements
that are more stringent than those imposed by the 1940 Act. It is not
anticipated that these covenants or guidelines will impede the Investment
Adviser from managing the Fund’s portfolio in accordance with the Fund’s
investment objective and policies.
|
Under
the 1940 Act, the Fund is not permitted to issue preferred stock unless
immediately after such issuance the value of its total assets is at least
200% of the liquidation value of the outstanding preferred stock (i.e.,
the liquidation value may not exceed 50% of the Fund’s total assets). In
addition, the Fund is not permitted to declare any cash dividend or other
distribution on its common shares unless, at the time of such declaration,
the value of its total assets is at least 200% of such liquidation value.
If the Fund issues preferred stock, it intends, to the extent possible, to
purchase or redeem it from time to time to the extent necessary in order
to maintain asset coverage on such preferred stock of at least 200%. In
addition, as a condition to obtaining ratings on the preferred stock, the
terms of any preferred stock issued are expected to include asset coverage
maintenance provisions which will require the redemption of the preferred
stock in the event of non-compliance by the Fund and may also prohibit
dividends and other distributions on the Fund’s common shares in such
circumstances. In order to meet redemption requirements, the Fund may have
to liquidate portfolio securities. Such liquidations and redemptions would
cause the Fund to incur related transaction costs and could result in
capital losses to the Fund. If the Fund has preferred stock outstanding,
two of its Trustees will be elected by the holders of preferred stock as a
class. The Fund’s remaining Trustees will be elected by holders of its
common shares and preferred shares voting together as a single class. In
the event the Fund fails to pay dividends on its preferred shares for two
years, holders of preferred shares would be entitled to elect a majority
of its Trustees.
|
The
Fund may also borrow money as a temporary measure for extraordinary or
emergency purposes, including the payment of dividends and the settlement
of securities transactions which otherwise might require untimely
dispositions of its securities.
|
Credit
Facility
|
Credit
Facility. The Fund may enter into definitive agreements
with respect to a credit facility. The Fund may negotiate with
commercial banks to arrange a credit facility pursuant to which the Fund
would be entitled to borrow an amount equal to approximately one third 33
1/3% of its Managed Assets (i.e. 50% of the Fund's net assets attributable
to the Fund's common shares). Any such borrowings would
constitute financial leverage. Such a facility is not expected to be
convertible into any other securities of the Fund. Any
outstanding amounts are expected to be prepayable by the Fund prior to
final maturity without significant penalty, and there are not expected to
be any sinking fund or mandatory retirement provisions. Outstanding
amounts would be payable at maturity or such earlier times as required by
the agreement. The Fund may be required to prepay outstanding amounts
under a facility or incur a penalty rate of interest in the event of the
occurrence of certain events of default. The Fund would be expected to
indemnify the lenders under the facility against liabilities they may
incur in connection with the facility. The Fund may be required to pay
commitment fees under the terms of any such facility. With the use of
borrowings, there is a risk that the interest rates paid by the Fund on
the amount it borrows will be higher than the return on the Fund’s
investments.
|
In
addition, the Fund expects that any such credit facility would contain
covenants that, among other things, likely will limit
the
|
Fund’s
ability to: (i) pay distributions in certain circumstances, (ii) incur
additional debt and (iii) change its fundamental investment policies and
engage in certain transactions, including mergers and consolidations. In
addition, it may contain a covenant requiring asset coverage ratios in
addition to those required by the 1940 Act. The Fund may be required to
pledge its assets and to maintain a portion of its assets in cash or
high-grade securities as a reserve against interest or principal payments
and expenses. The Fund expects that any credit facility would have
customary covenant, negative covenant and default provisions. There can be
no assurance that the Fund will enter into an agreement for a credit
facility on terms and conditions representative of the foregoing or that
additional material terms will not apply. In addition, if entered into,
any such credit facility may in the future be replaced or refinanced by
one or more credit facilities having substantially different terms or by
the issuance of Preferred Shares.
|
The
Fund has entered into a fully collateralized borrowing arrangement with
Credit Suisse. Proceeds from the borrowing arrangement are used
to execute the Fund's investment objective. The borrowing
arrangement is collateralized with investments held for the benefit of
Credit Suisse at the Fund's custodian, which exceed the amount
borrowed.
|
Effects
of Leverage
|
Assuming
the utilization of leverage in the amount of 33 1/3% of the Fund’s Managed
Assets (i.e., 50% of its net assets attributable to the Fund’s common
shares) and an annual interest rate of 3.50% on borrowings payable on such
leverage based on market rates as of the date of this prospectus, the
additional income that the Fund must earn (net of expenses) in order to
cover such distribution payments is 1.17%. The Fund’s actual
cost of leverage will be based on market rates at the time the Fund
undertakes a leveraging strategy, and such actual costs of leverage may be
higher or lower than that assumed in the previous
example.
|
The
following table is designed to illustrate the effect on the return to a
holder of the Fund’s common shares of leverage in the amount of
approximately 33 1/3% of the Fund’s Managed Assets (i.e., 50% of its net
assets attributable to the Fund’s common shares), assuming hypothetical
annual returns of the Fund’s portfolio of minus 10% to plus 10%. As the
table shows, leverage generally increases the return to holders of common
shares when portfolio return is positive and greater than the cost of
leverage and decreases the return when the portfolio return is negative or
less than the cost of leverage. The figures appearing in the table are
hypothetical and actual returns may be greater or less than those
appearing in the table. See “Principal Risks of the
Fund.”
|
Assumed
Portfolio Total Return (Net of Expenses)
|
(10)%
|
(5)%
|
0%
|
5%
|
10%
|
||||
Common
Share Total Return
|
(16.75)%
|
(9.25)%
|
(1.75)%
|
5.75%
|
13.25%
|
General
|
Risk
is inherent in all investing. The following discussion summarizes some of
the risks that a potential investor should consider before deciding to
purchase the Fund’s common shares.
|
Limited Operating and Trading
History. The Fund is a newly organized, non-diversified,
closed-end management investment company and it has limited operating and
public trading history. Being a recently organized company, the Fund is
subject to all of the business risks and uncertainties associated with any
new business, including the risk that the Fund will not achieve its
investment objective and that the value of an investment in the Fund could
decline substantially.
|
Investment
and Market Risk. An investment in the Fund’s common shares is
subject to investment risk, including the possible loss of an investor’s
entire investment. An investment in the Fund’s common shares represents an
indirect investment in the securities owned by the Fund, some of which
will be traded on a national securities exchange or in the
over-the-counter markets. The value of the securities in the Fund’s
portfolio, like other market investments, may move up or down, sometimes
rapidly and unpredictably. The value of the securities in which the Fund
invests will affect the value of its common shares. The Fund’s common
shares at any point in time may be worth less than at the time of original
investment, even after taking into account the reinvestment of the Fund’s
dividends. The Fund is primarily a long-term investment vehicle and should
not be used for short-term trading. An investment in the Fund’s common
shares is not intended to constitute a complete investment program and
should not be viewed as such.
|
Market Discount From Net Asset Value
Risk. Shares of closed-end funds frequently trade at
discounts to their net asset value. This characteristic is a risk separate
and distinct from the risk that the Fund’s net asset value could decrease
as a result of its investment activities and may be greater for investors
expecting to sell their shares in a relatively short period following
completion of this offering. The net asset value of the Fund’s common
shares will be reduced immediately following the offering as a result of
the payment of certain offering costs. Although the value of the Fund’s
net assets is generally considered by market participants in determining
whether to purchase or sell shares, whether investors will realize gains
or losses upon the sale of the Fund’s common shares will depend entirely
upon whether the market price of its common shares at the time of sale is
above or below the investor’s purchase price for the Fund’s common shares.
Because the market price of the Fund’s common shares will be affected by
factors such as net asset value, dividend or distribution levels (which
are dependent, in part, on expenses), supply of and demand for the Fund’s
common shares, stability of dividends or distributions, trading volume of
the Fund’s common shares, general market and economic conditions, and
other factors beyond the control of the Fund, the Fund cannot predict
whether its common shares will trade at, below or above net asset value or
at, below or above the initial public offering price.
|
Sector
Concentration Risk
|
Under
normal market conditions, and once it is fully invested in accordance with
its investment objective, the Fund will have at least 80% of its net
assets, plus any borrowings for investment purposes, invested in MLP
investments, which operate primarily in the natural resource sector. There
are risks inherent in the natural resource sector and the businesses of
MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies, including those described
below.
|
MLP
and Other Natural Resource Company Risks
|
Commodity Price
Risk. The return on the Fund’s investments in MLPs and
Other Natural Resource Companies will be dependent on the operating
margins received and cash flows generated by those companies from the
exploration for, and development, production, gathering, transportation,
processing, storage, refining, distribution, mining or marketing of, coal,
natural gas, natural gas liquids, crude oil, refined petroleum products or
other hydrocarbons. These operating margins and cash flows may fluctuate
widely in response to a variety of factors, including global and domestic
economic conditions, weather conditions, natural disasters, the supply and
price of imported natural resources, political instability, conservation
efforts and governmental regulation. Natural resource commodity prices
have been very volatile in the past and such volatility is expected to
continue. MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies engaged in crude oil
and natural gas exploration, development or production, natural gas
gathering and processing, crude oil refining and transportation and coal
mining or sales may be directly affected by their respective natural
resource commodity prices. The volatility of, and interrelationships
between, commodity prices can also indirectly affect certain other MLPs
and Other Natural Resource Companies due to the potential impact on the
volume of commodities transported, processed, stored or distributed. Some
MLPs or Other Natural Resource Companies that own the underlying energy
commodity may be unable to effectively mitigate or manage direct margin
exposure to commodity price levels. The prices of MLP and Other Natural
Resource Companies’ securities can be adversely affected by market
perceptions that their performance and distributions or dividends are
directly tied to commodity prices.
|
Cyclicality
Risk. The operating results of companies in the broader
natural resource sector are cyclical, with fluctuations
in
|
commodity
prices and demand for commodities driven by a variety of factors.
Commodity prices and natural resource asset values are near historically
high levels. The highly cyclical nature of the natural resource sector may
adversely affect the earnings or operating cash flows of the MLPs and
Other Natural Resource Companies in which the Fund will
invest.
|
Supply
Risk. The profitability of MLPs and Other Natural
Resource Companies, particularly those involved in processing, gathering
and pipeline transportation, may be materially impacted by the volume of
natural gas or other energy commodities available for transportation,
processing, storage or distribution. A significant decrease in the
production of natural gas, crude oil, coal or other energy commodities,
due to the decline of production from existing resources, import supply
disruption, depressed commodity prices or otherwise, would reduce the
revenue, operating income and operating cash flows of MLPs and Other
Natural Resource Companies and, therefore, their ability to make
distributions or pay dividends.
|
Demand
Risk. A sustained decline in demand for coal, natural
gas, natural gas liquids, crude oil and refined petroleum products could
adversely affect an MLP’s or an Other Natural Resource Company’s revenues
and cash flows. Factors that could lead to a sustained decrease in market
demand include a recession or other adverse economic conditions, an
increase in the market price of the underlying commodity that is not, or
is not expected to be, merely a short-term increase, higher taxes or other
regulatory actions that increase costs, or a shift in consumer demand for
such products. Demand may also be adversely affected by consumer sentiment
with respect to global warming and by state or federal legislation
intended to promote the use of alternative energy
sources.
|
Risks Relating to Expansions
and Acquisitions. MLPs and Other Natural Resource
Companies employ a variety of means to increase cash flow, including
increasing utilization of existing facilities, expanding operations
through new construction or development activities, expanding operations
through acquisitions, or securing additional long-term contracts. Thus,
some MLPs or Other Natural Resource Companies may be subject to
construction risk, development risk, acquisition risk or other risks
arising from their specific business strategies. MLPs and Other Natural
Resource Companies that attempt to grow through acquisitions may not be
able to effectively integrate acquired operations with their existing
operations. In addition, acquisition or expansion projects may not perform
as anticipated. A significant slowdown in merger and acquisition activity
in the natural resource sector could reduce the growth rate of cash flows
received by the Fund from MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies that
grow through acquisitions.
|
Competition
Risk. The natural resource sector is highly competitive.
The MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies in which the Fund will
invest will face substantial competition from other companies, many of
which will have greater financial, technological, human and other
resources, in acquiring natural resource assets, obtaining and retaining
customers and contracts and hiring and retaining qualified personnel.
Larger companies may be able to pay more for assets and may have a greater
ability to continue their operations during periods of low commodity
prices. To the extent that the MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies
in which the Fund will invest are unable to compete effectively, their
operating results, financial position, growth potential and cash flows may
be adversely affected, which could in turn adversely affect the results of
the Fund.
|
Weather
Risk. Extreme weather conditions, such as Hurricane Ivan
in 2004 and Hurricanes Katrina and Rita in 2005, could result in
substantial damage to the facilities of certain MLPs and Other Natural
Resource Companies located in the affected areas and significant
volatility in the supply of natural resources, commodity prices and the
earnings of MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies, and could therefore
adversely affect their securities.
|
Interest Rate
Risk. The prices of the equity and debt securities of
the MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies the Fund expects to hold in
its portfolio are susceptible in the short term to a decline when interest
rates rise. Rising interest rates could limit the capital appreciation of
securities of certain MLPs as a result of the increased availability of
alternative investments with yields comparable to those of MLPs. Rising
interest rates could adversely impact the financial performance of MLPs
and Other Natural Resource Companies by increasing their cost of capital.
This may reduce their ability to execute acquisitions or expansion
projects in a cost effective manner.
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MLP Structure
Risk. Holders of MLP units are subject to certain risks
inherent in the structure of MLPs, including (i) tax risks (described
further below), (ii) the limited ability to elect or remove
management or the general partner or managing member (iii) limited
voting rights, except with respect to extraordinary transactions, and
(iv) conflicts of interest between the general partner or managing
member and its affiliates, on the one hand, and the limited partners or
members, on the other hand, including those arising from incentive
distribution payments or corporate opportunities.
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Sub-Sector Specific
Risk. MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies are also
subject to risks that are specific to the particular sub-sector of the
natural resources sector in which they
operate.
|
Ÿ
|
Pipelines. Pipeline
companies are subject to the demand for natural gas, natural gas liquids,
crude oil or refined products in the markets they serve, changes in the
availability of products for gathering, transportation, processing or sale
due to natural declines in reserves and production in the supply areas
serviced by the companies’ facilities, sharp decreases in crude oil or
natural gas prices that cause producers to curtail production or reduce
capital spending for exploration activities, and environmental regulation.
Demand for gasoline, which accounts for a substantial portion of refined
product transportation, depends on price, prevailing economic conditions
in the markets served, and demographic and seasonal factors. Companies
that own interstate pipelines that transport natural gas, natural gas
liquids, crude oil or refined petroleum products are subject to regulation
by FERC with respect to the tariff rates they may charge for
transportation services. An adverse determination by FERC with respect to
the tariff rates of such a company could have a material adverse effect on
its business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of
those companies and their ability to pay cash distributions or dividends.
In addition, FERC has a tax allowance policy, which permits such companies
to include in their cost of service an income tax allowance to the extent
that their owners have an actual or potential tax liability on the income
generated by them. If FERC’s income tax allowance policy were to change in
the future to disallow a material portion of the income tax allowance
taken by such interstate pipeline companies, it would adversely impact the
maximum tariff rates that such companies are permitted to charge for their
transportation services, which would in turn adversely affect the results
of operations and cash flows of those companies and their ability to pay
cash distributions or dividends to their unit holders or
shareholders.
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Ÿ
|
Gathering and
processing. Gathering and processing companies are
subject to natural declines in the production of oil and natural gas
fields, which utilize their gathering and processing facilities as a way
to market their production, prolonged declines in the price of natural gas
or crude oil, which curtails drilling activity and therefore production,
and declines in the prices of natural gas liquids and refined petroleum
products, which cause lower processing margins. In addition, some
gathering and processing contracts subject the gathering or processing
company to direct commodities price risk.
|
Ÿ
|
Exploration and
production. Exploration, development and production
companies are particularly vulnerable to declines in the demand for and
prices of crude oil and natural gas. Reductions in prices for crude oil
and natural gas can cause a given reservoir to become uneconomic for
continued production earlier than it would if prices were higher,
resulting in the plugging and abandonment of, and cessation of production
from, that reservoir. In addition, lower commodity prices not only reduce
revenues but also can result in substantial downward adjustments in
reserve estimates. The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of
the quality of available data, the accuracy of assumptions regarding
future commodity prices and future exploration and development costs and
engineering and geological interpretations and judgments. Different
reserve engineers may make different estimates of reserve quantities and
related revenue based on the same data. Actual oil and gas prices,
development expenditures and operating expenses will vary from those
assumed in reserve estimates, and these variances may be significant. Any
significant variance from the assumptions used could result in the actual
quantity of reserves and future net cash flow being materially different
from those estimated in reserve reports. In addition, results of drilling,
testing and production and changes in prices after the date of reserve
estimates may result in downward revisions to such estimates. Substantial
downward adjustments in reserve estimates could have a material adverse
effect on a given exploration and production company’s financial position
and results of operations. In addition, due to natural declines in
reserves and production, exploration and production companies must
economically find or acquire and develop additional reserves in order to
maintain and grow their revenues and distributions.
|
Ÿ
|
Propane. Propane
companies are subject to earnings variability based upon weather patterns
in the locations where they operate and increases in the wholesale price
of propane which reduce profit margins. In addition, propane companies are
facing increased competition due to the growing availability of natural
gas, fuel oil and alternative energy sources for residential
heating.
|
Ÿ
|
Coal. Coal
companies are subject to declines in the demand for and prices of coal.
Demand variability can be based on weather conditions, the strength of the
domestic economy, the level of coal stockpiles in their customer base, and
the prices of competing sources of fuel for electric generation. They are
also subject to supply variability based on geological conditions that
reduce the productivity of mining operations, the availability of
regulatory permits for mining activities and the availability of coal that
meets the standards of the Clean Air Act. Demand and prices for coal may
also be affected by current and proposed regulatory limitations on
emissions from coal-fired power plants and the facilities of other coal
end users. Such limitations may reduce demand for the coal produced and
transported by coal companies. Certain coal companies could face declining
revenues if they are unable to acquire additional coal reserves or other
mineral reserves that are economically recoverable.
|
Ÿ
|
Marine
shipping. Marine shipping companies are subject to
supply of and demand for, and level of consumption of, natural gas,
liquefied natural gas, crude oil, refined petroleum products and liquefied
petroleum gases in the supply areas and
market
|
areas
they serve, which affect the demand for marine shipping services and
therefore charter rates. Shipping companies’ vessels and cargoes are also
subject to the risk of being damaged or lost due to marine disasters,
extreme weather, mechanical failures, grounding, fire, explosions,
collisions, human error, piracy, war and terrorism. Some vessels may also
require replacement or significant capital improvements earlier than
otherwise required due to changing regulatory standards. Shipping
companies or their ships may be chartered in any country and the Fund’s
investments in such issuers may be subject to risks similar to risks
related to investments in non-U.S. securities.
|
||
Cash Flow
Risk. The Fund will derive substantially all of its cash
flow from investments in equity securities of MLPs and Other Natural
Resource Companies. The amount of cash that the Fund has available to
distribute to shareholders will depend on the ability of the MLPs and
Other Natural Resource Companies in which the Fund has an interest to make
distributions or pay dividends to their investors and the tax character of
those distributions or dividends. The Fund will likely have no influence
over the actions of the MLPs in which it invests with respect to the
payment of distributions or dividends, and may only have limited influence
over Other Natural Resource Companies in that regard. The amount of cash
that any individual MLP or Other Natural Resource Company can distribute
to its investors, including the Fund, will depend on the amount of cash it
generates from operations, which will vary from quarter to quarter
depending on factors affecting the natural resource sector generally and
the particular business lines of the issuer. Available cash will also
depend on the MLP’s or Other Natural Resource Company’s operating costs,
capital expenditures, debt service requirements, acquisition costs (if
any), fluctuations in working capital needs and other factors. The cash
that a master limited partnership will have available for distribution
will also depend on the incentive distributions payable to its general
partner or managing member in connection with distributions paid to its
equity investors.
|
||
Regulatory
Risk. The profitability of MLPs and Other Natural
Resource Companies could be adversely affected by changes in the
regulatory environment. MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies are
subject to significant foreign, federal, state and local regulation in
virtually every aspect of their operations, including with respect to how
facilities are constructed, maintained and operated, environmental and
safety controls, and the prices they may charge for the products and
services they provide. Such regulation can change over time in both scope
and intensity. For example, a particular by-product may be declared
hazardous by a regulatory agency and unexpectedly increase production
costs. Various governmental authorities have the power to enforce
compliance with these regulations and the permits issued under them, and
violators are subject to administrative, civil and criminal penalties,
including civil fines, injunctions or both. Stricter laws, regulations or
enforcement policies could be enacted in the future which would likely
increase compliance costs and may adversely affect the financial
performance of MLPs and Other Natural Resource
Companies.
|
||
Specifically,
the operations of wells, gathering systems, pipelines, refineries and
other facilities are subject to stringent and complex federal, state and
local environmental laws and regulations. These include, for
example:
|
||
Ÿ
|
the
federal Clean Air Act and comparable state laws and regulations that
impose obligations related to air emissions;
|
|
Ÿ
|
the
federal Clean Water Act and comparable state laws and regulations that
impose obligations related to discharges of pollutants into regulated
bodies of water;
|
|
Ÿ
|
the
federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (“RCRA”) and comparable
state laws and regulations that impose requirements for the handling and
disposal of waste from facilities; and
|
|
Ÿ
|
the
federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability
Act of 1980 (“CERCLA”), also known as “Superfund,” and comparable state
laws and regulations that regulate the cleanup of hazardous substances
that may have been released at properties currently or previously owned or
operated by MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies or at locations to
which they have sent waste for disposal.
|
|
Failure
to comply with these laws and regulations may trigger a variety of
administrative, civil and criminal enforcement measures, including the
assessment of monetary penalties, the imposition of remedial requirements,
and the issuance of orders enjoining future operations. Certain
environmental statutes, including RCRA, CERCLA, the federal Oil Pollution
Act and analogous state laws and regulations, impose strict, joint and
several liability for costs required to clean up and restore sites where
hazardous substances have been disposed of or otherwise released.
Moreover, it is not uncommon for neighboring landowners and other third
parties to file claims for personal injury and property damage allegedly
caused by the release of hazardous substances or other waste products into
the environment.
|
||
There
is an inherent risk that MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies may
incur environmental costs and liabilities due to
the
|
nature
of their businesses and the substances they handle. For example, an
accidental release from wells or gathering pipelines could subject them to
substantial liabilities for environmental cleanup and restoration costs,
claims made by neighboring landowners and other third parties for personal
injury and property damage, and fines or penalties for related violations
of environmental laws or regulations. Moreover, the possibility exists
that stricter laws, regulations or enforcement policies could
significantly increase the compliance costs of MLPs and Other Natural
Resource Companies, and the cost of any remediation that may become
necessary. MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies may not be able to
recover these costs from insurance.
|
Proposals
for voluntary initiatives and mandatory controls are being discussed both
in the United States and worldwide to reduce emissions of “greenhouse
gases” such as carbon dioxide, a by-product of burning fossil fuels, and
methane, the major constituent of natural gas, which many scientists and
policymakers believe contribute to global climate change. These measures,
if adopted, could result in increased costs to certain companies in which
the Fund may invest to operate and maintain Natural Resource facilities
and administer and manage a greenhouse gas emissions
program.
|
In
the wake of a recent Supreme Court decision holding that the Environmental
Protection Agency (“EPA”) has some legal authority to deal with climate
change under the Clean Air Act, the federal government announced on
May 14, 2007 that the EPA and the Departments of Transportation,
Energy, and Agriculture would jointly write regulations to cut gasoline
use and control greenhouse gas emissions from cars and trucks. These
measures if adopted could reduce demand for energy or raise prices, which
may adversely affect the total return of certain of the Fund’s
investments.
|
Affiliated Party
Risk. Certain MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies
are dependent on their parents or sponsors for a majority of their
revenues. Any failure by an MLP’s or an Other Natural Resource Company’s
parents or sponsors to satisfy their payments or obligations would impact
the MLP’s or Other Natural Resource Company’s revenues and cash flows and
ability to make distributions. Moreover, the terms of an MLP’s or an Other
Natural Resource Company’s transactions with its parent or sponsor are
typically not arrived at on an arm’s-length basis, and may not be as
favorable to the MLP or Other Natural Resource Company as a transaction
with a non-affiliate.
|
Catastrophe
Risk. The operations of MLPs and Other Natural Resource
Companies are subject to many hazards inherent in the exploration for, and
development, production, gathering, transportation, processing, storage,
refining, distribution, mining or marketing of, coal, natural gas, natural
gas liquids, crude oil, refined petroleum products or other hydrocarbons,
including: damage to production equipment, pipelines, storage tanks or
related equipment and surrounding properties caused by hurricanes,
tornadoes, floods, fires and other natural disasters or by acts of
terrorism; inadvertent damage from construction or other equipment; leaks
of natural gas, natural gas liquids, crude oil, refined petroleum products
or other hydrocarbons; and fires and explosions. These risks could result
in substantial losses due to personal injury or loss of life, severe
damage to and destruction of property and equipment and pollution or other
environmental damage, and may result in the curtailment or suspension of
their related operations. Not all MLPs or Other Natural Resource Companies
are fully insured against all risks inherent to their businesses. If a
significant accident or event occurs that is not fully insured, it could
adversely affect the MLP’s or Other Natural Resource Company’s operations
and financial condition.
|
Risks
Associated with an Investment in IPOs
|
Securities
purchased in IPOs are often subject to the general risks associated with
investments in companies with small market capitalizations, and typically
to a heightened degree. Securities issued in IPOs have no trading history,
and information about the companies may be available for very limited
periods. In addition, the prices of securities sold in an IPO may be
highly volatile. At any particular time or from time to time, the Fund may
not be able to invest in IPOs, or to invest to the extent desired,
because, for example, only a small portion (if any) of the securities
being offered in an IPO may be available to the Fund. In addition, under
certain market conditions, a relatively small number of companies may
issue securities in IPOs. The investment performance of the Fund during
periods when it is unable to invest significantly or at all in IPOs may be
lower than during periods when it is able to do so.
|
IPO
securities may be volatile, and the Fund cannot predict whether
investments in IPOs will be successful. As the Fund grows in size, the
positive effect of IPO investments on the Fund may
decrease.
|
Risks
Associated with an Investment in PIPE Transactions
|
PIPE
investors purchase securities directly from a publicly traded company in a
private placement transaction, typically at a discount to the market price
of the company’s common stock. Because the sale of the securities is not
registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities
Act”), the securities are “restricted” and cannot be immediately resold by
the investors into
|
the
public markets. Accordingly, the company typically agrees as part of the
PIPE deal to register the restricted securities with the SEC. PIPE
securities may be deemed illiquid.
|
Privately
Held Company Risk
|
Investing
in privately held companies involves risk. For example, privately held
companies are not subject to SEC reporting requirements, are not required
to maintain their accounting records in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles, and are not required to maintain effective internal
controls over financial reporting. As a result, the Investment Adviser may
not have timely or accurate information about the business, financial
condition and results of operations of the privately held companies in
which the Fund invests. In addition, the securities of privately held
companies are generally illiquid, and entail the risks described under “—
Liquidity Risk” below.
|
Liquidity
Risk
|
The
investments made by the Fund, including investments in MLPs, may be
illiquid and consequently the Fund may not be able to sell such
investments at prices that reflect the Investment Adviser’s assessment of
their value, the amount paid for such investments by the Fund or at prices
approximating the value at which the Fund is carrying the securities on
its books. Furthermore, the nature of the Fund’s investments may require a
long holding period prior to profitability.
|
Although
the equity securities of the MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies in
which the Fund invests generally trade on major stock exchanges, certain
securities may trade less frequently, particularly those with smaller
capitalizations. Securities with limited trading volumes may display
volatile or erratic price movements. Investment of the Fund’s capital in
securities that are less actively traded or over time experience decreased
trading volume may restrict the Fund’s ability to take advantage of other
market opportunities.
|
The
Fund also expects to invest in unregistered or otherwise restricted
securities. Unregistered securities are securities that cannot be sold
publicly in the United States without registration under the Securities
Act, unless an exemption from such registration is available. Restricted
securities may be more difficult to value and the Fund may have difficulty
disposing of such assets either in a timely manner or for a reasonable
price. In order to dispose of an unregistered security, the Fund, where it
has contractual rights to do so, may have to cause such security to be
registered. A considerable period may elapse between the time the decision
is made to sell the security and the time the security is registered so
that the Fund could sell it. Contractual restrictions on the resale of
securities vary in length and scope and are generally the result of a
negotiation between the issuer and acquiror of the securities. The Fund
would, in either case, bear the risks of any downward price fluctuation
during that period. The difficulties and delays associated with selling
restricted securities could result in the Fund’s inability to realize a
favorable price upon disposition of such securities, and at times might
make disposition of such securities impossible.
|
Tax
Risks
|
In
addition to other risk considerations, an investment in the Fund’s common
shares will involve certain tax risks, including, but not limited to, the
risks summarized below and discussed in more detail elsewhere in this
prospectus. Tax matters are complicated, and the foreign and
U.S. federal, state and local tax consequences of the purchase and
ownership of the Fund’s common shares will depend on the facts of each
investor’s situation. Prospective investors are encouraged to consult
their own tax advisers regarding the specific tax consequences that may
affect such investors.
|
Tax Law
Changes. Changes in tax laws, regulations or
interpretations of those laws or regulations in the future could adversely
affect the Fund or the MLPs or Other Natural Resource Companies in which
the Fund will invest. Any such changes could negatively impact the Fund’s
common shareholders. Legislation could also negatively impact the amount
and tax characterization of dividends received by the Fund’s common
shareholders. Federal legislation has reduced the tax rate on qualified
dividend income to the rate applicable to long-term capital gains, which
is generally 15% for individuals, provided a holding period requirement
and certain other requirements are met. This reduced rate of tax on
dividends is currently scheduled to revert to ordinary income tax rates
for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2010, and the 15%
federal income tax rate for long-term capital gains is scheduled to revert
to 20% for such taxable years.
|
Tax Risk of
MLPs. The Fund’s ability to meet its investment
objective will depend partially on the amounts of taxable income,
distributions and dividends it receives from the securities in which it
will invest, a factor over which it has no control. The benefit the Fund
will derive from its investment in master limited partnerships is largely
dependent on the master limited partnerships’
being
|
treated
as partnerships for federal income tax purposes. As a partnership, a
master limited partnership has no federal income tax liability at the
entity level. If, as a result of a change in current law or a change in a
master limited partnership’s business, a master limited partnership were
to be treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes, it would
be subject to federal income tax on its income at the graduated tax rates
applicable to corporations (currently a maximum rate of 35%). In addition,
if a master limited partnership were to be classified as a corporation for
federal income tax purposes, the amount of cash available for distribution
by it would be reduced and distributions received by the Fund from it
would be taxed under federal income tax laws applicable to corporate
distributions (as dividend income, return of capital, or capital gain).
Therefore, treatment of master limited partnerships as corporations for
federal income tax purposes would result in a reduction in the after-tax
return to the Fund, likely causing a reduction in the value of the Fund’s
common shares.
|
Deferred Tax Risks of
MLPs. As a limited partner or member in the MLPs in
which the Fund will invest, the Fund will be required to include in its
taxable income its allocable share of income, gains, losses, deductions,
and credits from those master limited partnerships, regardless of whether
they distribute any cash to the Fund. Historically, a significant portion
of the income from master limited partnerships has been offset by tax
deductions. The Fund will incur a current tax liability on its allocable
share of a master limited partnership’s income and gains that is not
offset by tax deductions, losses and credits, or its net operating loss
carryforwards, if any. The portion, if any, of a distribution received by
the Fund from a master limited partnership that is offset by the master
limited partnership’s tax deductions, losses or credits will be treated as
a tax-advantaged return of capital. However, those distributions will
reduce the Fund’s adjusted tax basis in the equity securities of the
master limited partnership, which will result in an increase in the amount
of gain (or decrease in the amount of loss) that will be recognized by the
Fund for tax purposes upon the sale of any such equity securities or upon
subsequent distributions in respect of such equity securities. The
percentage of a master limited partnership’s income and gains that is
offset by tax deductions, losses and credits will fluctuate over time for
various reasons. A significant slowdown in acquisition activity or capital
spending by master limited partnerships held in the Fund’s portfolio could
result in a reduction of accelerated depreciation generated by new
acquisitions, which may result in increased current tax liability for the
Fund.
|
The
Fund will accrue deferred income taxes for its future tax liability
associated with that portion of master limited partnership distributions
considered to be a tax-advantaged return of capital, as well as for its
future tax liability associated with the capital appreciation of its
investments. Upon the Fund’s sale of a master limited partnership
security, the Fund may be liable for previously deferred taxes. The Fund
will rely to some extent on information provided by master limited
partnerships, which is not necessarily timely, to estimate deferred tax
liability for purposes of financial statement reporting and determining
its net asset value. From time to time, the Fund will modify its estimates
or assumptions regarding its deferred tax liability as new information
becomes available.
|
Tax Risks of
Corporations. The Fund intends to invest in companies
that are classified as corporations for federal income tax purposes. Any
distributions received by the Fund from these companies will be taxed
under federal income tax laws applicable to corporate distributions (as
dividend income, return of capital or capital gain). The amount of a
corporate distribution taxable to the Fund as a dividend will depend upon
the earnings and profits of the company making the distribution.
Historically, the types of corporate Other Natural Resource Companies in
which the Fund intends to invest generally have paid dividends to their
equity holders in excess of earnings and profits. However, the earnings
and profits of an Other Natural Resource Company will fluctuate over time
for a variety of reasons, including those discussed in this prospectus. An
increase in a corporation’s earnings and profits may result in a greater
proportion of its corporate distributions being treated as a taxable
dividend, resulting in an increased current tax liability to the Fund. In
addition, the Fund may invest in PFICs. As a result of an investment in a
PFIC, the Fund may be subject to an interest charge or, if it makes a
certain election, may be required to recognize taxable income related to
such investment prior to its receipt of the corresponding
cash.
|
Deferred Tax Risks of
Investing in the Fund’s Common Shares. A reduction in
the percentage of the distributions received by the Fund that are offset
by tax deductions, losses or credits, or an increase in its portfolio
turnover, will reduce that portion of its common share dividend treated as
a tax-advantaged return of capital and increase that portion treated as
dividend income, resulting in lower after-tax dividends to its common
shareholders. See “Tax Matters.”
|
Risks
Associated with an Investment in
Non-U.S. Companies
|
Non-U.S. Securities
Risk. Investing in securities of non-U.S. issuers
involves certain risks not involved in domestic investments, including,
but not limited to: fluctuations in currency exchange rates; future
foreign economic, financial, political and social developments; different
legal systems; the possible imposition of exchange controls or other
foreign governmental laws or restrictions; lower trading volume; greater
price volatility and illiquidity; different trading and settlement
practices; less governmental supervision; high and volatile rates of
inflation; fluctuating interest rates; less publicly available
information; and different accounting, auditing and financial
recordkeeping standards and requirements.
|
Non-U.S. Currency
Risk. Because the Fund may invest in securities
denominated or quoted in non-U.S. currencies, changes in the
non-U.S. currency/U.S. dollar exchange rate may affect the value
of the Fund’s securities and the unrealized appreciation or depreciation
of its investments.
|
Currency Hedging
Risk. The Fund may in the future hedge against currency
risk resulting from investing in non-U.S. MLPs and Other Natural
Resource Companies valued in non-U.S. currencies. Currency hedging
transactions in which the Fund may engage include buying or selling
options or futures or entering into other foreign currency transactions
including forward foreign currency contracts, currency swaps or options on
currency and currency futures and other derivatives transactions. Hedging
transactions can be expensive and have risks, including the imperfect
correlation between the value of such instruments and the underlying
assets, the possible default of the other party to the transaction or the
illiquidity of the derivative instruments. Furthermore, the ability to
successfully use hedging transactions depends on the Investment Adviser’s
ability to predict pertinent market movements, which cannot be assured.
Thus, the use of hedging transactions may result in losses greater than if
they had not been used, may require the Fund to sell or purchase portfolio
securities at inopportune times or for prices other than current market
values, may limit the amount of appreciation the Fund can realize on an
investment, or may cause the Fund to hold a security that the Fund might
otherwise sell. The use of hedging transactions may result in the Fund
incurring losses as a result of matters beyond the Fund’s control. For
example losses may be incurred because of the imposition of exchange
controls, the suspension of settlements or the Fund’s inability to deliver
or receive a specified currency.
|
Emerging Markets
Risk. Investments in emerging markets instruments, while
generally providing greater potential opportunity for capital appreciation
and higher yields than investments in more developed market instruments,
may also involve greater risk. Emerging markets may be subject to
economic, social and political risks not applicable to instruments of
developed market issuers, such as repatriation, exchange control or other
monetary restrictions, taxation risks, and special considerations due to
limited publicly available information, less stringent regulatory
standards, and lack of uniformity in accounting.
|
With
respect to certain countries, there is a possibility of expropriation,
confiscatory taxation, imposition of withholding or other taxes on
dividends, interest, capital gains or other income, limitations on the
removal of funds or other assets of the Fund, political or social
instability or diplomatic developments that could affect investments in
those countries. An issuer of securities may be domiciled in a country
other than the country in whose currency the instrument is denominated.
The values and relative yields of investments in the securities markets of
different countries, and their associated risks, are expected to change
independently of each other.
|
Interest
Rate Risk
|
The
costs associated with any leverage used by the Fund are likely to increase
when interest rates rise. Accordingly, the market price of the Fund’s
common shares may decline when interest rates rise.
|
Legal
and Regulatory Risk
|
Legal,
tax and regulatory changes could occur during the term of the Fund that
may adversely affect the Fund. The regulatory environment for closed-end
funds is evolving, and changes in the regulation of closed-end funds may
adversely affect the value of investments held by the Fund and the ability
of the Fund to obtain the leverage it might otherwise obtain or to pursue
its trading strategy. In addition, the securities and futures markets are
subject to comprehensive statutes, regulations and margin requirements.
The SEC, other regulators and self-regulatory organizations and exchanges
are authorized to take extraordinary actions in the event of market
emergencies. The regulation of derivatives transactions and funds that
engage in such transactions is an evolving area of law and is subject to
modification by governmental and judicial action. The effect of any future
regulatory change on the Fund could be substantial and
adverse.
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Interest
Rate Hedging Risk
|
The
Fund may in the future hedge against interest rate risk resulting from the
Fund’s portfolio holdings and any financial leverage it may incur.
Interest rate transactions the Fund may use for hedging purposes will
expose the Fund to certain risks that differ from the risks associated
with its portfolio holdings. There are economic costs of hedging reflected
in the price of interest rate swaps, caps and similar techniques, the cost
of which can be significant. In addition, the Fund’s success in using
hedging instruments is subject to the Investment Adviser’s ability to
correctly predict changes in the relationships of such hedging instruments
to the Fund’s leverage risk, and there can be no assurance that the
Investment Adviser’s judgment in this respect will be accurate. Depending
on the state of interest rates in general, the Fund’s use of interest rate
hedging instruments could enhance or decrease investment company
taxable
|
income
available to the holders of its common shares. To the extent there is a
decline in interest rates, the value of interest rate swaps or caps could
decline, and result in a decline in the net asset value of the Fund’s
common shares. In addition, if the counterparty to an interest rate swap
or cap defaults, the Fund would not be able to use the anticipated net
receipts under the interest rate swap or cap to offset its cost of
financial leverage.
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Arbitrage
Risk
|
A
part of the Investment Adviser’s investment operations may involve spread
positions between two or more securities, or derivatives positions
including commodities hedging positions, or a combination of the
foregoing. The Investment Adviser’s trading operations also may involve
arbitraging between two securities or commodities, between the security,
commodity and related options or derivatives markets, between spot and
futures or forward markets, and/or any combination of the above. To the
extent the price relationships between such positions remain constant, no
gain or loss on the positions will occur. These offsetting positions
entail substantial risk that the price differential could change
unfavorably, causing a loss to the position.
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Equity
Securities Risk
|
Master
limited partnership common units and other equity securities of master
limited partnerships and Other Natural Resource Companies can be affected
by macroeconomic, political, global and other factors affecting the stock
market in general, expectations of interest rates, investor sentiment
towards master limited partnerships or the natural resource sector,
changes in a particular company’s financial condition, or the unfavorable
or unanticipated poor performance of a particular master limited
partnership or Other Natural Resource Company (which, in the case of a
master limited partnership, is generally measured in terms of
distributable cash flow). Prices of common units and other equity
securities of individual master limited partnerships and Other Natural
Resource Companies can also be affected by fundamentals unique to the
partnership or company, including earnings power and coverage
ratios.
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MLP Subordinated
Units. Master limited partnership subordinated units are
not typically listed on an exchange or publicly traded. Holders of master
limited partnership subordinated units are entitled to receive a
distribution only after the MQD has been paid to holders of common units,
but prior to payment of incentive distributions to the general partner or
managing member. Master limited partnership subordinated units generally
do not provide arrearage rights. Most master limited partnership
subordinated units are convertible into common units after the passage of
a specified period of time or upon the achievement by the master limited
partnership of specified financial goals.
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General Partner and Managing
Member Interests. General partner and managing member
interests are not publicly traded, though they may be owned by publicly
traded entities such as GP MLPs. A holder of general partner or managing
member interests can be liable in certain circumstances for amounts
greater than the amount of the holder’s investment. In addition, while a
general partner or managing member’s incentive distribution rights can
mean that general partners and managing members have higher distribution
growth prospects than their underlying master limited partnerships, these
incentive distribution payments would decline at a greater rate than the
decline rate in quarterly distributions to common or subordinated unit
holders in the event of a reduction in the master limited partnership’s
quarterly distribution. A general partner or managing member interest can
be redeemed by the master limited partnership if the master limited
partnership unit holders choose to remove the general partner, typically
by a supermajority vote of the limited partners or
members.
|
Small-Cap
and Mid-Cap Company Risk
|
Certain
of the MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies in which the Fund may
invest may have small or medium-sized market capitalizations (“small-cap”
and “mid-cap” companies, respectively). Investing in the securities of
small-cap or mid-cap MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies presents
some particular investment risks. These MLPs and Other Natural Resource
Companies may have limited product lines and markets, as well as shorter
operating histories, less experienced management and more limited
financial resources than larger MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies,
and may be more vulnerable to adverse general market or economic
developments. Stocks of these MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies
may be less liquid than those of larger MLPs and Other Natural Resource
Companies, and may experience greater price fluctuations than larger MLPs
and Other Natural Resource Companies. In addition, small-cap or mid-cap
company securities may not be widely followed by investors, which may
result in reduced demand.
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Leverage
Risk
|
The
Fund may use leverage through the issuance of Preferred Shares, commercial
paper or notes, other forms of borrowing or both. The use of leverage,
which can be described as exposure to changes in price at a ratio greater
than the amount of equity invested, either through the issuance of
Preferred Shares, borrowing or other forms of market exposure, magnifies
both the favorable and unfavorable effects of price movements in the
investments made by the Fund. Insofar as the Fund employs leverage in its
investment operations, the Fund will be subject to increased risk of
loss.
|
Preferred Share
Risk. Preferred Share risk is the risk associated with
the issuance of the Preferred Shares to leverage the common shares. If the
Fund issues Preferred Shares, the net asset value and market value of the
common shares will be more volatile, and the yield to the holders of
common shares will tend to fluctuate with changes in the shorter-term
dividend rates on the Preferred Shares. If the dividend rate on the
Preferred Shares approaches the net rate of return on the Fund’s
investment portfolio, the benefit of leverage to the holders of the common
shares would be reduced. If the dividend rate on the Preferred Shares
exceeds the net rate of return on the Fund’s portfolio, the leverage will
result in a lower rate of return to the holders of common shares than if
the Fund had not issued Preferred Shares.
|
In
addition, the Fund will pay (and the holders of common shares will bear)
all costs and expenses relating to the issuance and ongoing maintenance of
the Preferred Shares, including higher advisory fees. Accordingly, the
Fund cannot assure you that the issuance of Preferred Shares will result
in a higher yield or return to the holders of the common shares. Costs of
the offering of Preferred Shares will be borne immediately by the Fund’s
common shareholders and result in a reduction of net asset value of the
common shares.
|
Similarly,
any decline in the net asset value of the Fund’s investments will be borne
entirely by the holders of common shares. Therefore, if the market value
of the Fund’s portfolio declines, the leverage will result in a greater
decrease in net asset value to the holders of common shares than if the
Fund were not leveraged. This greater net asset value decrease will also
tend to cause a greater decline in the market price for the common shares.
The Fund might be in danger of failing to maintain the required asset
coverage of the Preferred Shares or of losing its ratings on the Preferred
Shares or, in an extreme case, the Fund’s current investment income might
not be sufficient to meet the dividend requirements on the Preferred
Shares. In order to counteract such an event, the Fund might need to
liquidate investments in order to fund a redemption of some or all of the
Preferred Shares. Liquidation at times of low municipal bond prices may
result in capital loss and may reduce returns to the holders of common
shares.
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Preferred Shareholders May
Have Disproportionate Influence over the Fund. If
Preferred Shares are issued, holders of Preferred Shares may have
differing interests than holders of common shares and holders of Preferred
Shares may at times have disproportionate influence over the Fund’s
affairs. If Preferred Shares are issued, holders of Preferred Shares,
voting separately as a single class, would have the right to elect two
members of the Board of Trustees at all times. The remaining members of
the Board of Trustees would be elected by holders of common shares and
Preferred Shares, voting as a single class. The 1940 Act also requires
that, in addition to any approval by shareholders that might otherwise be
required, the approval of the holders of a majority of any outstanding
Preferred Shares, voting separately as a class, would be required to
(i) adopt any plan of reorganization that would adversely affect the
Preferred Shares and (ii) take any action requiring a vote of
security holders under Section 13(a) of the 1940 Act, including,
among other things, changes in the Fund’s subclassification as a
closed-end fund or changes in its fundamental investment
restrictions.
|
Credit Facility.
The Fund may enter into definitive agreements with respect to a credit
facility. The Fund may negotiate with commercial banks to
arrange a credit facility pursuant to which the Fund would be entitled to
borrow an amount equal to
|
approximately
33 1/3% of the Fund's Managed Assets (i.e. 50% of the Fund's net assets
attributable to the Fund's common shares). Any such borrowings would
constitute financial leverage. Such a facility is not expected to be
convertible into any other securities of the Fund. Any
outstanding amounts are expected to be prepayable by the Fund prior to
final maturity without significant penalty, and there are not expected to
be any sinking fund or mandatory retirement provisions. Outstanding
amounts would be payable at maturity or such earlier times as required by
the agreement. The Fund may be required to prepay outstanding amounts
under a facility or incur a penalty rate of interest in the event of the
occurrence of certain events of default. The Fund would be expected to
indemnify the lenders under the facility against liabilities they may
incur in connection with the facility. The Fund may be required to pay
commitment fees under the terms of any such facility. With the use of
borrowings, there is a risk that the interest rates paid by the Fund on
the amount it borrows will be higher than the return on the Fund’s
investments.
|
The
Fund expects that such a credit facility would contain covenants that,
among other things, likely will limit the Fund’s ability to: (i) pay
dividends in certain circumstances, (ii) incur additional debt and (iii)
change its fundamental investment policies and engage in certain
transactions, including mergers and consolidations. In addition, it may
contain a covenant requiring asset coverage ratios in addition to those
required by the 1940 Act. The Fund may be required to pledge its assets
and to maintain a portion of its assets in cash or high-grade securities
as a reserve against interest or principal payments and expenses. The Fund
expects that any credit facility would have customary covenant, negative
covenant and default provisions. There can be no assurance that the Fund
will enter into an agreement for a credit facility on terms and conditions
representative of the foregoing or that additional material terms will not
apply. In addition, if entered into, any such credit facility may in the
future be replaced or refinanced by one or more credit facilities having
substantially different terms or by the issuance of Preferred
Shares.
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The
Fund has entered into a fully collateralized borrowing arrangement with
Credit Suisse. Proceeds from the borrowing arrangement are used
to execute the Fund's investment objective. The borrowing
arrangement is collateralized with investments held for the benefit of
Credit Suisse at the Fund's custodian, which exceed the amount
borrowed.
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Portfolio Guidelines of Rating
Agencies for Preferred Share and/or Credit Facility. In
order to obtain and maintain the required ratings of loans from a credit
facility, the Fund will be required to comply with investment quality,
diversification and other guidelines established by Moody’s and/or S&P
or the credit facility, respectively. Such guidelines will likely be more
restrictive than the restrictions otherwise applicable to the Fund as
described in this prospectus. The Fund does not anticipate that such
guidelines would have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s holders of
common shares or its ability to achieve its investment objective. No
minimum rating is required for the issuance of Preferred Shares by the
Fund. Moody’s and S&P would receive fees in connection with their
ratings issuances.
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Securities
Lending Risk
|
The
Fund may lend its portfolio securities (up to a maximum of one-third of
its Managed Assets) to banks or dealers which meet the creditworthiness
standards established by the Board of Trustees of the Fund. Securities
lending is subject to the risk that loaned securities may not be available
to the Fund on a timely basis and the Fund may, therefore, lose the
opportunity to sell the securities at a desirable price. Any loss in the
market price of securities loaned by the Fund that occurs during the term
of the loan would be borne by the Fund and would adversely affect the
Fund’s performance. Also, there may be delays in recovery, or no recovery,
of securities loaned or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the
borrower of the securities fail financially while the loan is outstanding.
These risks may be greater for
non-U.S. securities.
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Non-Diversification
Risk
|
The
Fund is a non-diversified, closed-end management investment company under
the 1940 Act. The Fund may invest a relatively high percentage of its
assets in a limited number of issuers. To the extent the Fund invests a
relatively high percentage of the Fund’s assets in the securities of a
limited number of issuers, the Fund may be more susceptible than a more
widely diversified investment company to any single economic, political or
regulatory occurrence.
|
Valuation
Risk
|
Market
prices may not be readily available for certain of the Fund’s investments,
and the value of such investments will ordinarily be determined based on
fair valuations determined by the Board of Trustees or its designee
pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board of Trustees. Restrictions on
resale or the absence of a liquid secondary market may adversely affect
the Fund’s ability to determine its net asset value. The sale price of
securities that are not readily marketable may be lower or higher than the
Fund’s most recent determination of their fair value.
|
Additionally,
the value of these securities typically requires more reliance on the
judgment of the Investment Adviser than that required for securities for
which there is an active trading market. Due to the difficulty in valuing
these securities and the absence of an active trading market for these
investments, the Fund may not be able to realize these securities’ true
value or may have to delay their sale in order to do
so.
|
Fair
value is defined as the amount for which assets could be sold in an
orderly disposition over a reasonable period of time, taking into account
the nature of the asset. Fair value pricing, however, involves judgments
that are inherently subjective and inexact, since fair valuation
procedures are used only when it is not possible to be sure what value
should be attributed to a particular asset or when an event will affect
the market price of an asset and to what extent. As a result, there can be
no assurance that fair value pricing will reflect actual market value and
it is possible that the fair value determined for a security will be
materially different from the value that actually could be or is realized
upon the sale of that asset. See “Net Asset Value.”
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Portfolio
Turnover Risk
|
The
Fund anticipates that its annual portfolio turnover rate will be
approximately 25%, but that rate may vary greatly from year to year.
Portfolio turnover rate is not considered a limiting factor in the
Investment Adviser’s execution of investment decisions. A higher portfolio
turnover rate results in correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and
other transactional expenses that are borne by the
Fund.
|
Strategic
Transactions Risk
|
The
Fund may engage in Strategic Transactions, including the purchase and sale
of derivative investments such as exchange-listed and over-the-counter put
and call options on securities, equity, fixed income and interest rate
indices, and other financial instruments, and may enter into various
interest rate transactions such as swaps, caps, floors or collars or
credit transactions and credit default swaps and invest in forward
contracts. The Fund also may purchase derivative investments that combine
features of these instruments. The use of derivatives has risks, including
the imperfect correlation between the value of such instruments and the
underlying assets, the possible default of the other party to the
transaction or illiquidity of the derivative investments. Furthermore, the
ability to successfully use these techniques depends on the Fund’s ability
to predict pertinent market movements, which cannot be assured. Thus,
their use may result in losses greater than if they had not been used, may
require the Fund to sell or purchase portfolio securities at inopportune
times or for prices other than current market values, may limit the amount
of appreciation the Fund can realize on an investment or may cause the
Fund to hold a security that it might otherwise sell. Additionally,
amounts paid by the Fund as premiums and cash, or other assets held in
margin accounts with respect to derivative transactions, are not otherwise
available to the Fund for investment purposes.
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The
Fund may write covered call options. As the writer of a covered call
option, the Fund gives up the opportunity during the option’s life to
profit from increases in the market value of the security covering the
call option above the sum of the premium and the strike price of the call,
but the Fund retains the risk of loss should the price of the underlying
security decline.
|
The
Fund may also write uncovered call options (i.e., where the Fund
does not own the underlying security or index) to a limited extent.
Similar to a naked short sale, writing an uncovered call creates the risk
of an unlimited loss, in that the price of the underlying security could
theoretically increase without limit, thus increasing the cost of buying
those securities to cover the call option if it is exercised before it
expires. There can be no assurance that the securities necessary to cover
the call option will be available for purchase. Purchasing securities to
cover an uncovered call option can itself cause the price of the
securities to rise, further exacerbating the loss.
|
The
writer of an option has no control over the time when it may be required
to fulfill its obligation as a writer of the option. Once an option writer
has received an exercise notice, it cannot effect a closing purchase
transaction in order to terminate its obligation under the option and must
deliver the underlying security at the exercise price. There can be no
assurance that a liquid market will exist when the Fund seeks to close out
an option position. If trading were suspended in an option purchased by
the Fund, the Fund would not be able to close out the option. If the Fund
were unable to close out a covered call option that the Fund had written
on a security, the Fund would not be able to sell the underlying security
unless the option expired without exercise. If the Fund were unable to
close out an uncovered call option that the Fund had written on a
security, the Fund retains the risk of a price increase in the underlying
security until the Fund purchases the security or the option expires
without exercise.
|
Depending
on whether the Fund would be entitled to receive net payments from the
counterparty on a swap or cap, which in
turn
|
would
depend on the general state of short-term interest rates at that point in
time, a default by a counterparty could negatively impact the performance
of the Fund’s common shares. In addition, at the time an interest rate
swap or cap transaction reaches its scheduled termination date, there is a
risk that the Fund would not be able to obtain a replacement transaction
or that the terms of the replacement would not be as favorable as on the
expiring transaction. If this occurs, it could have a negative impact on
the performance of the Fund’s common shares. If the Fund fails to maintain
any required asset coverage ratios in connection with any use by the Fund
of Leverage Instruments, the Fund may be required to redeem or prepay some
or all of the Leverage Instruments. Such redemption or prepayment would
likely result in the Fund’s seeking to terminate early all or a portion of
any swap or cap transactions. Early termination of a swap could result in
a termination payment by or to the Fund. Early termination of a cap could
result in a termination payment to the Fund.
|
The
Fund intends to segregate liquid assets against or otherwise cover its
future obligations under such swap or cap transactions, in order to
provide that its future commitments for which the Fund has not segregated
liquid assets against or otherwise covered, together with any outstanding
Leverage Instruments, will not exceed the applicable limits of the 1940
Act. In addition, such transactions and other use of Leverage Instruments
by the Fund will be subject to the asset coverage requirements of the 1940
Act.
|
The
use of interest rate swaps and caps is a highly specialized activity that
involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated
with ordinary portfolio security transactions. Depending on market
conditions in general, the Fund’s use of swaps or caps could enhance or
harm the overall performance of its common shares. For example, the Fund
may use interest rate swaps and caps in connection with any use by the
Fund of Leverage Instruments. To the extent there is a decline in interest
rates, the value of the interest rate swap or cap could decline, and could
result in a decline in the net asset value of the Fund’s common shares. In
addition, if short-term interest rates are lower than the Fund’s fixed
rate of payment on the interest rate swap, the swap will reduce common
shares net earnings. Buying interest rate caps could decrease the net
earnings of the Fund’s common shares in the event that the premium paid by
the Fund to the counterparty exceeds the additional amount the Fund would
have been required to pay had the Fund not entered into the cap
agreement.
|
Interest
rate swaps and caps do not involve the delivery of securities or other
underlying assets or principal. Accordingly, the risk of loss with respect
to interest rate swaps is limited to the net amount of interest payments
that the Fund is contractually obligated to make. If the counterparty
defaults, the Fund would not be able to use the anticipated net receipts
under the swap or cap to offset any declines in the value of the Fund’s
portfolio assets being hedged or the increase in its cost of financial
leverage. Depending on whether the Fund would be entitled to receive net
payments from the counterparty on the swap or cap, which in turn would
depend on the general state of the market rates at that point in time,
such a default could negatively impact the performance of the Fund’s
common shares.
|
The
Fund may invest in forward contracts entered into directly with banks,
financial institutions and other dealers acting as principal. Forward
contracts may not be liquid in all circumstances, so that in volatile
markets, the Fund to the extent it wishes to do so may not be able to
close out a position by taking another position equal and opposite to such
position on a timely basis or without incurring a sizeable loss. Closing
transactions with respect to forward contracts usually are effected with
the counterparty who is a party to the original forward contract and
generally require the consent of such trader. There can be no assurance
that the Fund will be able to close out its
obligations.
|
There
are no limitations on daily price moves in forward contracts. Banks and
other financial institutions with which the Fund may maintain accounts may
require the Fund to deposit margin with respect to such trading. Banks are
not required to continue to make markets in forward contracts. There have
been periods during which certain banks have refused to quote prices for
such forward contracts or have quoted prices with an unusually wide spread
between the price at which the bank is prepared to buy and that at which
it is prepared to sell. Trading of forward contracts through banks is not
regulated by any U.S. governmental agency. The Fund will be subject
to the risk of bank failure and the inability of, or refusal by, a bank to
perform with respect to such contracts.
|
Convertible
Instrument Risk
|
The
Fund may invest in convertible instruments. A convertible instrument is a
bond, debenture, note, preferred stock or other security that may be
converted into or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common shares of
the same or a different issuer within a particular period of time at a
specified price or formula. Convertible debt instruments have
characteristics of both fixed income and equity investments. Convertible
instruments are subject both to the stock market risk associated with
equity securities and to the credit and interest rate risks associated
with fixed-income securities. As the market price of the equity security
underlying a convertible instrument falls, the convertible instrument
tends to trade on the basis of its yield and other fixed-income
characteristics. As the market price of such equity security rises, the
convertible security tends to trade on the basis of its equity conversion
features. The
|
Fund
may invest in convertible instruments that have varying conversion values.
Convertible instruments are typically issued at prices that represent a
premium to their conversion value. Accordingly, the value of a convertible
instruments increases (or decreases) as the price of the underlying equity
security increases (or decreases). If a convertible instrument held by the
Fund is called for redemption, the Fund will be required to permit the
issuer to redeem the instrument, or convert it into the underlying stock,
and will hold the stock to the extent the Investment Adviser determines
that such equity investment is consistent with the investment objective of
the Fund.
|
Short
Sales Risk
|
Short
selling involves selling securities which may or may not be owned and
borrowing the same securities for delivery to the purchaser, with an
obligation to replace the borrowed securities at a later date. Short
selling allows the short seller to profit from declines in market prices
to the extent such declines exceed the transaction costs and the costs of
borrowing the securities. A naked short sale creates the risk of an
unlimited loss, in that the price of the underlying security could
theoretically increase without limit, thus increasing the cost of buying
those securities to cover the short position. There can be no assurance
that the securities necessary to cover a short position will be available
for purchase. Purchasing securities to close out the short position can
itself cause the price of the securities to rise, further exacerbating the
loss.
|
The
Fund’s obligation to replace the borrowed security will be secured by
collateral deposited with the broker-dealer, usually cash,
U.S. government securities or other liquid securities similar to
those borrowed. The Fund also will be required to segregate similar
collateral to the extent, if any, necessary so that the value of both
collateral amounts in the aggregate is at all times equal to at least 100%
of the current market value of the security sold short. Depending on
arrangements made with the broker-dealer from which the Fund borrowed the
security regarding payment over of any payments received by the Fund on
such security, the Fund may not receive any payments (including interest)
on the Fund’s collateral deposited with such
broker-dealer.
|
Inflation
Risk
|
Inflation
risk is the risk that the value of assets or income from investment will
be worth less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. As
inflation increases, the real value of the Fund’s common shares and
dividends can decline.
|
Debt
Securities Risks
|
Debt
securities are subject to many of the risks described elsewhere in this
section. In addition, they are subject to credit risk, prepayment risk
and, depending on their quality, other special risks.
|
Credit
Risk. An issuer of a debt security may be unable to make
interest payments and repay principal. The Fund could lose money if the
issuer of a debt obligation is, or is perceived to be, unable or unwilling
to make timely principal and/or interest payments, or to otherwise honor
its obligations. The downgrade of a security may further decrease its
value.
|
Below Investment Grade and
Unrated Debt Securities Risk. Below investment grade
debt securities in which the Fund may invest are rated from B3 to Ba1 by
Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., from B- to BB+ by Fitch Ratings or
Standard & Poor’s, or comparably rated by another rating agency.
Below investment grade and unrated debt securities generally pay a premium
above the yields of U.S. government securities or debt securities of
investment grade issuers because they are subject to greater risks than
these securities. These risks, which reflect their speculative character,
include the following: greater yield and price volatility; greater credit
risk and risk of default; potentially greater sensitivity to general
economic or industry conditions; potential lack of attractive resale
opportunities (illiquidity); and additional expenses to seek recovery from
issuers who default.
|
In
addition, the prices of these below investment grade and unrated debt
securities are more sensitive to negative developments, such as a decline
in the issuer’s revenues, downturns in profitability in the natural
resource industry or a general economic downturn, than are the prices of
higher-grade securities. Below investment grade and unrated debt
securities tend to be less liquid than investment grade securities and the
market for below investment grade and unrated debt securities could
contract further under adverse market or economic conditions. In such a
scenario, it may be more difficult for the Fund to sell these securities
in a timely manner or for as high a price as could be realized if such
securities were more widely traded. The market value of below investment
grade and unrated debt securities may be more volatile than the market
value of investment grade securities and generally tends to reflect the
market’s perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer and short-term
market developments to a greater extent than investment grade securities,
which primarily reflect fluctuations in general levels of interest rates.
In the event of a default by a below investment grade or unrated debt
security held in the Fund’s portfolio in the payment of principal or
interest, the Fund may incur additional expense to the extent the Fund is
required to seek recovery of such principal or
interest.
|
For
a description of the ratings categories of certain rating agencies, see
Appendix A to this prospectus.
|
Reinvestment
Risk. Certain debt instruments, particularly below
investment grade securities, may contain call or redemption provisions
which would allow the issuer of the debt instrument to prepay principal
prior to the debt instrument’s stated maturity. This is also sometimes
known as prepayment risk. Prepayment risk is greater during a falling
interest rate environment as issuers can reduce their cost of capital by
refinancing higher yielding debt instruments with lower yielding debt
instruments. An issuer may also elect to refinance its debt instruments
with lower yielding debt instruments if the credit standing of the issuer
improves. To the extent debt securities in the Fund’s portfolio are called
or redeemed, the Fund may be forced to reinvest in lower yielding
securities.
|
ETN
and ETF Risk
|
An
ETN or ETF that is based on a specific index may not be able to replicate
and maintain exactly the composition and relative weighting of securities
in the index. An ETN or ETF also incurs certain expenses not incurred by
its applicable index. The market value of an ETN or ETF share may differ
from its net asset value; the share may trade at a premium or discount to
its net asset value, which may be due to, among other things, differences
in the supply and demand in the market for the share and the supply and
demand in the market for the underlying assets of the ETN or ETF. In
addition, certain securities that are part of the index tracked by an ETN
or ETF may, at times, be unavailable, which may impede the ETN’s or ETF’s
ability to track its index. An ETF that uses leverage can, at times, be
relatively illiquid, which can affect whether its share price approximates
net asset value. As a result of using leverage, an ETF is subject to the
risk of failure in the futures and options markets it uses to obtain
leverage and the risk that a counterparty will default on its obligations,
which can result in a loss to the Fund. Although an ETN is a debt
security, it is unlike a typical bond, in that there are no periodic
interest payments and principal is not protected.
|
Terrorism
and Market Disruption Risk
|
The
terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 had a disruptive effect on
the U.S. economy and securities markets. United States military and
related action in Iraq and Afghanistan is ongoing and events in the Middle
East could have significant, continuing adverse effects on the
U.S. economy in general and the natural resource sector in
particular. Global political and economic instability could affect an
MLP’s or an Other Natural Resource Company’s operations in unpredictable
ways, including through disruptions of natural resource supplies and
markets and the resulting volatility in commodity prices. The
U.S. government has issued warnings that natural resource assets,
specifically pipeline infrastructure and production, transmission and
distribution facilities, may be future targets of terrorist activities. In
addition, changes in the insurance markets have made certain types of
insurance more difficult, if not impossible, to obtain and have generally
resulted in increased premium costs.
|
Investment
Management Risk
|
The
Fund’s portfolio is subject to investment management risk because it will
be actively managed. The Investment Adviser will apply investment
techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions for the Fund,
but there can be no guarantee that they will produce the desired
results.
|
The
decisions with respect to the management of the Fund are made exclusively
by the Investment Adviser, subject to the oversight of the Board of
Trustees. Investors have no right or power to take part in the management
of the Fund. The Investment Adviser also is responsible for all of the
trading and investment decisions of the Fund. In the event of the
withdrawal or bankruptcy of the Investment Adviser, generally the affairs
of the Fund will be wound-up and its assets will be
liquidated.
|
Dependence
on Key Personnel of the Investment Adviser
|
The
Fund is dependent upon the Investment Adviser’s key personnel for its
future success and upon their access to certain individuals and
investments in the natural resource industry. In particular, the Fund will
depend on the diligence, skill and network of business contacts of the
personnel of the Investment Adviser and its portfolio managers, who will
evaluate, negotiate, structure, close and monitor the Fund’s investments.
The portfolio managers do not have long-term employment contracts with the
Investment Adviser, although they do have equity interests and other
financial incentives to remain with the firm. For a description of the
Investment Adviser, see “Management of the Fund — Investment
Adviser.” The Fund will also depend on the senior management of the
Investment Adviser, including particularly Jerry V. Swank. The departure
of Mr. Swank or another of the Investment Adviser’s senior management
could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its
investment objective. In addition, the Fund can offer no assurance that
the Investment Adviser will remain its investment adviser, or that the
Fund will continue to have access to the Investment Adviser’s industry
contacts and deal flow.
|
Conflicts
of Interest with the Investment Adviser
|
Conflicts
of interest may arise because the Investment Adviser and its affiliates
generally will be carrying on substantial investment activities for other
clients, including, but not limited to, the Affiliated Funds, in which the
Fund will have no interest. The Investment Adviser or its affiliates may
have financial incentives to favor certain of such accounts over the Fund.
Any of their proprietary accounts and other customer accounts may compete
with the Fund for specific trades. The Investment Adviser or its
affiliates may buy or sell securities for the Fund which differ from
securities bought or sold for other accounts and customers, even though
their investment objectives and policies may be similar to the Fund’s.
Situations may occur when the Fund could be disadvantaged because of the
investment activities conducted by the Investment Adviser and its
affiliates for their other accounts. Such situations may be based on,
among other things, legal or internal restrictions on the combined size of
positions that may be taken for the Fund and the other accounts, limiting
the size of the Fund’s position, or the difficulty of liquidating an
investment for the Fund and the other accounts where the market cannot
absorb the sale of the combined position. Notwithstanding these potential
conflicts of interest, the Fund’s Board of Trustees and officers have a
fiduciary obligation to act in the Fund’s best
interest.
|
The
Fund’s investment opportunities may be limited by affiliations of the
Investment Adviser or its affiliates with MLPs and Other Natural Resource
Companies. Additionally, to the extent that the Investment Adviser sources
and structures private investments in MLPs and Other Natural Resource
Companies, certain employees of the Investment Adviser may become aware of
actions planned by MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies, such as
acquisitions that may not be announced to the public. It is possible that
the Fund could be precluded from investing in an MLP or an Other Natural
Resource Company about which the Investment Adviser has material
non-public information; however, it is the Investment Adviser’s intention
to ensure that any material non-public information available to certain of
the Investment Adviser’s employees not be shared with those employees
responsible for the purchase and sale of publicly traded MLP or Other
Natural Resource Company securities.
|
The
Investment Adviser manages several Affiliated Funds. Some of the
Affiliated Funds have investment objectives that are similar to or overlap
with the Fund. Further, the Investment Adviser may at some time in the
future manage other investment funds with the same investment objective as
the Fund.
|
The
Investment Adviser and its affiliates generally will be carrying on
substantial investment activities for other clients, including, but not
limited to, the Affiliated Funds, in which the Fund will have no interest.
Investment decisions for the Fund are made independently from those of
such other clients; however, from time to time, the same investment
decision may be made for more than one fund or account. When two or more
clients advised by the Investment Adviser or its affiliates seek to
purchase or sell the same publicly traded securities, the securities
actually purchased or sold will be allocated among the clients on a good
faith equitable basis by the Investment Adviser in its discretion in
accordance with the clients’ various investment objectives and procedures
adopted by the Investment Adviser and approved by the Fund’s Board of
Trustees. In some cases, this system may adversely affect the price or
size of the position the Fund may obtain.
|
The
Fund’s investment opportunities may be limited by investment opportunities
in the MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies that the Investment
Adviser is evaluating for the Affiliated Funds. To the extent a potential
investment is appropriate for the Fund and one or more of the Affiliated
Funds, the Investment Adviser will need to fairly allocate that investment
to the Fund or an Affiliated Fund, or both, depending on its allocation
procedures and applicable law related to combined or joint transactions.
There may occur an attractive limited investment opportunity suitable for
the Fund in which the Fund cannot invest under the particular allocation
method being used for that investment.
|
Under
the 1940 Act, the Fund and its Affiliated Funds may be precluded from
co-investing in certain private placements of securities. Except as
permitted by law or positions of the staff of the SEC, the Investment
Adviser will not co-invest its other clients’ assets in private
transactions in which the Fund invests. To the extent the Fund is
precluded from co-investing, the Investment Adviser will allocate private
investment opportunities among its clients, including but not limited to
the Fund and the Affiliated Funds, based on allocation policies that take
into account several suitability factors, including the size of the
investment opportunity, the amount each client has available for
investment and the client’s investment objectives. These allocation
policies may result in the allocation of investment opportunities to an
Affiliated Fund rather than to the Fund.
|
The
management fee payable to the Investment Adviser is based on the value of
the Fund’s Managed Assets, as periodically determined. A significant
percentage of the Fund’s Managed Assets may be illiquid securities
acquired in private transactions for which market quotations will not be
readily available. Although the Fund will adopt valuation procedures
designed to determine valuations of illiquid securities in a manner that
reflects their fair value, there typically is a range of possible prices
that may be established for each individual security. Senior management of
the Investment Adviser, the Fund’s Board of Trustees and its Valuation
Committee will participate in the valuation of its securities. See “Net
Asset Value.”
|
Skadden,
Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, counsel to the Fund in this offering,
also represents the Investment Adviser. Such counsel does not purport to
represent the separate interests of the investors and has assumed no
obligation to do so. Accordingly, the investors have not had the benefit
of independent counsel in the structuring of the Fund or determination of
the relative interests, rights and obligations of the Fund’s investment
adviser and the investors.
|
INVESTMENT
RESTRICTIONS
|
Except
as described below, the Fund, as a fundamental policy, may not, without
the approval of the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting
securities of the Fund:
|
(1) Purchase
or sell real estate unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities
or other instruments, provided that this restriction does not prevent the
Fund from investing in issuers which invest, deal, or otherwise engage in
transactions in real estate or interests in real estate, or investing in
securities that are secured by real estate or interests in real
estate.
|
(2) Concentrate
the Fund’s investments in a particular “industry,” as that term is used in
the 1940 Act, and as interpreted, modified or otherwise permitted by
regulatory authority having jurisdiction from time to time; provided,
however, that this concentration limitation does not apply to
(a) investments in MLPs and Other Natural Resource Companies (the
Fund will concentrate more than 25% of its assets in MLPs and Other
Natural Resource Companies), and (b) investments in securities issued
or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or any of its agencies or
instrumentalities.
|
(3) Borrow
money or issue senior securities, except to the extent permitted by the
1940 Act, or any rules, exemptions or interpretations under the 1940 Act
that may be adopted, granted or issued by the SEC or its staff. See “The
Fund’s Investments — Use of Leverage” and “Principal Risks of the
Fund — Leverage Risk.”
|
(4) Make
loans to other persons except (a) through the lending of the Fund’s
portfolio securities, (b) through the purchase of debt obligations,
loan participations and/or engaging in direct corporate loans in
accordance with the Fund’s investment objective and policies, and
(c) to the extent the entry into a repurchase agreement is deemed to
be a loan. The Fund may also make loans to other investment companies to
the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, or any rules, exemptions or
interpretations under the 1940 Act that may be adopted, granted or issued
by the SEC or its staff.
|
(5) Act
as an underwriter except to the extent that, in connection with the
disposition of portfolio securities, the Fund may be deemed to be an
underwriter under applicable securities laws.
|
(6) Purchase
or sell physical commodities and commodity contracts, except that it may:
(i) enter into futures contracts and options on commodities in
accordance with applicable law; and (ii) purchase or sell physical
commodities that it acquires as a result of ownership of securities or
other instruments. The Fund will not consider stock index, currency and
other financial futures contracts, swaps, or hybrid instruments to be
commodities for purposes of this investment policy.
|
The
rest of the Fund’s investment policies, including its investment objective
described under “Investment Objective and Policies,” are considered
non-fundamental and may be changed by the Board of Trustees without the
approval of the holders of a majority of voting securities, provided that
common shareholders receive at least 60 days’ prior written notice of
any change.
|
MANAGEMENT
OF THE FUND
|
Board
of Trustees of the Fund
|
The
Board of Trustees of the Fund provides broad oversight over the operations
and affairs of the Fund and protects the interests of shareholders. The
Board of Trustees has overall responsibility to manage and control the
business affairs of the Fund, including the complete and exclusive
authority to establish policies regarding the management, conduct and
operation of the Fund’s business. The names and ages of the Trustees and
officers of the Fund, the year each was first elected or appointed to
office, their principal business occupations during the last five years,
the number of funds overseen by each Trustee and other directorships or
trusteeships they hold are shown below. The business address of the Fund,
its Trustees and officers is 3300 Oak Lawn Avenue, Suite 650, Dallas,
Texas 75219, unless otherwise specified
below.
|
Name and Age |
|
Position with Fund
|
Term
of
Office and Length of Time Served(1) |
Principal
Occupation(s)
During
Past
Five Years
|
Number
of
Portfolios
in
Fund
Complex
Overseen
by Trustee
|
Other
Directorships/
Trusteeships Held
|
|||||
INTERESTED
TRUSTEE
|
|||||||||||
Jerry
V. Swank (Age 56)*
|
Trustee,
Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and
President
|
Trustee
since 2007
|
Managing
Partner of the Investment Adviser.
|
1
|
None
|
||||||
NON-INTERESTED
TRUSTEES
|
|||||||||||
Brian
R. Bruce (Age 52)
|
Trustee
and Chairman of the Audit Committee
|
Trustee
since 2007
|
Director,
Southern Methodist University’s Cox School of Business Finance Institute
(2006 to present); Chief Investment Officer, Panagora Asset Management
(1999 to 2007) (investment management company).
|
1
|
Two
Funds within the CM Advisers Family of Funds
|
||||||
Ronald
P. Trout (Age 68)
|
Trustee
and Chairman of the Nominating, Corporate Governance and Compensation
Committee.
|
Trustee
since 2007
|
Retired.
A founding partner and Senior Vice President of Hourglass Capital
Management, Inc. (1989 to 2002) (investment management
company).
|
1
|
Galaxy
Energy Corporation (oil and gas exploration and
production)
|
||||||
Edward
N. McMillan (Age 60)
|
Lead
Independent Trustee
|
Trustee
since 2007
|
Retired.
|
1
|
None
|
Name and Age |
|
Position with Fund
|
Term
of Office
and
Length of
Time Served(1)
|
Principal
Occupation(s)
During Past FiveYears
|
|||
OFFICERS
WHO ARE NOT TRUSTEES
|
|||||||
Mark
W. Fordyce, CPA (Age 41)
|
Chief
Financial Officer, Principal Accounting Officer, Treasurer and
Secretary
|
Officer
since
2007
|
Chief
Financial Officer (“CFO”) of the Investment Adviser; CFO and Chief
Operating Officer (“COO”) of Durango Partners, L.P. (2001-2004); CFO of
Caprock Capital Partners, L.P. (2005-2006); CFO of Hercules Security
Investments, L.P. (2006).
|
||||
Brian
D. Watson (Age 34)
|
Vice
President and Assistant Treasurer
|
Officer
since
|
Portfolio
manager of the Investment
|
2007
|
Adviser
(2005 to present); Senior Research Associate, RBC Capital Markets
(2002-2005).
|
||
Michael
S. Minces
(Age
33)
3300
Oak Lawn Avenue Suite 650
Dallas,
TX 75219
|
Chief
Compliance Officer
|
Officer
since
2007
|
General
Counsel and Chief Compliance Officer ("CCO") of the Investment Advisor
(2007 to present); CCO and Associate General Counsel of Highland Capital
Management, L.P. (2004 - 2007); Associate at Akin Gump Strauss Hauer &
Feld LLP (2003 - 2004); Associate at Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher &
Flom LLP (2000 - 2003).
|
(1)
|
After
a Trustee’s initial term, each Trustee is expected to serve a three-year
term concurrent with the class of Trustees for which he serves.
Mr. Bruce is standing for re-election in
2008. Messrs. McMillan and Swank are expected to stand for
re-election in 2009, and Mr. Trout in 2010.
|
*
|
Mr. Swank
is an “interested person” of the Fund, as defined under the 1940 Act,
by virtue of his position as Managing Partner of the Investment
Adviser.
|
Committees
|
In
connection with the Board of Trustees’ responsibility for the overall
management and supervision of the Fund’s affairs, the Trustees meet
periodically throughout the year to oversee the Fund’s activities, review
contractual arrangements with service providers for the Fund and review
the Fund’s performance. To fulfill these duties, the Board has established
two standing committees of the Trustees: an Audit Committee and a
Nominating, Corporate Governance and Compensation Committee. Under the
Fund’s valuation procedures, the Board has appointed personnel of the
Investment Adviser to serve on a valuation committee for the
Fund.
|
The
purposes of the Audit Committee, which meets at least twice annually, are
to oversee the Fund’s processes for accounting, auditing, financial
reporting, and related internal controls and compliance with applicable
laws and regulations. It also makes recommendations regarding the
selection of an independent registered public accounting firm for the
Fund, reviews the independence of such firm, reviews the scope of audit
and internal controls, considers and reports to the Board on matters
relating to the Fund’s accounting and financial reporting practices, and
performs such other tasks as the full Board deems necessary or
appropriate. The members of the Audit Committee include Brian R. Bruce
(Chairman), Edward N. McMillan and Ronald P. Trout.
|
The
purposes of the Nominating, Corporate Governance and Compensation
Committee are to review and make recommendations on the composition of the
Board, develop and make recommendations to the Board regarding corporate
governance matters and practices, and review and make recommendations to
the Board with respect to any compensation to be paid to certain persons
including the chief compliance officer of the Fund and the Trustees. The
committee will consider nominees recommended by shareholders under the
terms of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust and the Bylaws. The
members of the Nominating, Corporate Governance and Compensation Committee
include Ronald P. Trout (Chairman), Brian R. Bruce and Edward N.
McMillan.
|
Shareholder
Communications
|
Shareholders
may send communications to the Fund’s Board of Trustees. Shareholders
should send communications intended for the Fund’s Board by addressing the
communications directly to the Board (or individual Board members) and/or
otherwise clearly indicating in the salutation that the communication is
for the Board (or individual Board members) and by sending the
communication to either the Fund’s office or directly to such Board
member(s) at the address specified for each Trustee previously noted.
Other shareholder communications received by the Fund not directly
addressed and sent to the Board will be reviewed and generally responded
to by management, and will be forwarded to the Board only at management’s
discretion based on the matters contained in those
communications.
|
Compensation
of Trustees
|
The
fees and expenses of the Trustees who are not “interested persons,” as
that term is defined in the 1940 Act, of the Investment Adviser
(including its affiliates) or the Fund (“Independent Trustees”) are paid
by the Fund. Each Independent Trustee will receive from the Fund an annual
retainer of $25,000 and a fee of $2,000 for each Board meeting attended,
and will be reimbursed for all out-of-pocket expenses related to
attendance at Board or committee meetings. The Trustees who are affiliated
persons of the Investment Adviser receive no compensation from the Fund.
It is estimated that the Independent Trustees will receive from the Fund
the amounts set out below for the Fund’s fiscal year ending
November 30, 2008, assuming the Fund will have been in existence for
the remainder of its fiscal year.
|
Trustee |
|
Aggregate
Compensation
from the Fund
|
Pension
or
Retirement
Benefits
Accrued
as
Part of
Fund Expenses
|
Estimated
Annual
Benefits
Upon
Retirement
|
Total
Compensation
from
the Fund and
Fund Complex
|
||||
Brian
R. Bruce
|
$33,000
|
None
|
None
|
$33,000
|
|||||
Edward
N. McMillan
|
$33,000
|
None
|
None
|
$33,000
|
|||||
Ronald
P. Trout
|
$33,000
|
None
|
None
|
$33,000
|
The
Fund’s investments will be managed by its Investment Adviser, Swank Energy
Income Advisors, LP. The Investment Adviser is also investment adviser to
the Affiliated Funds, which invest primarily in securities of MLPs and
Other Natural Resource Companies and global commodities. Since 2003, the
Investment Adviser has managed the Affiliated Funds with a focus on
achieving a high after-tax total return from a combination of capital
appreciation and current income (as opposed to relative performance
against a benchmark index). The Investment Adviser seeks to identify and
exploit investment niches it believes are generally less understood and
less followed by the broader investor community.
|
As
of February 29, 2008, the Investment Adviser managed approximately
$2.0 billion in assets on behalf of institutional and private
investors around the world.
|
The
Investment Adviser is indirectly controlled by Jerry V.
Swank.
|
Key
Personnel of Investment Advisor
|
The
following are key personnel of the Investment Adviser who are primarily
responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund’s
portfolio:
|
Jerry V.
Swank. Mr. Swank, together with Mr. Watson, is
a portfolio manager of the Fund. Mr. Swank formed Swank Capital, LLC
in 2000 to provide proprietary energy research to a select group of
institutional investors, emphasizing in-depth independent research. Prior
to forming Swank Capital, LLC, Mr. Swank spent five years with John
S. Herold, Inc. (“Herold”). Herold is an independent oil & gas
research and consulting company. He joined Herold in 1995 and served as
Managing Director heading up its sales and new product development team
until May 1998, when he assumed the position of President. During this
period, Mr. Swank developed an in-depth knowledge of the worldwide
energy industry, sector profitability, global growth prospects and
supply/demand dynamics. Prior to joining Herold, Mr. Swank spent
14 years with Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation in Institutional
Equity and Fixed Income Sales in its Dallas office from 1980 to 1995. From
1985 to 1995 he was a Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation Director and
Southwestern Regional Sales Manager. Prior to Credit Suisse First Boston
Corporation, Mr. Swank worked from 1976 to 1980 on the buy side as an
analyst and portfolio manager with Mercantile Texas Corp. Mr. Swank
received a B.A. from the University of Missouri (Economics) in 1973 and an
M.B.A. from the University of North Texas in 1978.
|
Mr. Swank
has served on the Board of Directors of John S. Herold, Inc., Matador
Petroleum Corporation and Advantage Acceptance, Inc. and currently serves
on the board of directors of The Cushing Fund (Offshore), Ltd. and The
Dalrymple Global Resources Offshore Fund, Ltd.
|
Brian D. Watson,
CFA. Mr. Watson, together with Mr. Swank, is a
portfolio manager of the Fund. Prior to joining the Investment Adviser in
2005, Mr. Watson was a senior research associate with RBC Capital
Markets covering the Diversified Energy and MLP sectors from 2002 to 2005.
Mr. Watson has over 10 years of experience in the investment
business including over four years of corporate finance experience with
Prudential Capital Group and Stephens Inc.
|
Mr. Watson received
his BBA from The University of Texas at Austin and his MBA from The
McCombs School of Business at The University of Texas at Austin. In 2000,
Mr. Watson earned the right to use the CFA
designation.
|
The
following are other key personnel of the Investment
Adviser:
|
Mark W.
Fordyce. In addition to his function as CFO and COO of
the Investment Adviser, Mr. Fordyce is spearheading the efforts in
fund formation, accounting and other operational areas for several new
offerings at the Investment Adviser. Mr. Fordyce is also contributing
in the oversight of risk management in the portfolio and trading areas.
Prior to joining the Investment Adviser, Mr. Fordyce was involved,
over the past six years, with the launch and operation of four hedge fund
structures serving in CFO and COO roles. Mr. Fordyce is a CPA and has
12 years of public accounting experience with PricewaterhouseCoopers
and KPMG.
|
Mr. Fordyce
received his Bachelors of Accountancy degree from New Mexico State
University.
|
Daniel L.
Spears. Prior to joining the Investment Adviser in 2006,
Mr. Spears was an investment banker with Banc of America Securities,
LLC within the Natural Resources Group from 1998 to 2006. Mr. Spears
was an investment banker with Salomon Smith Barney, Inc. in the Global
Energy and Power Group from 1995 to 1998. Mr. Spears has over
12 years experience providing financial and strategic advice to
public and private companies in all sectors of the natural resources
industry. Mr. Spears is a director of Quest Midstream Partners, L.P.
and Lonestar Midstream, L.P.
|
Mr. Spears
received his B.S. in Economics from the Wharton School of the University
of Pennsylvania in 1995.
|
G. Paul
Ferguson. Prior to joining the Investment Adviser in
2002, Mr. Ferguson was an equity research analyst in the energy group
at Frost Securities, Inc. from 2001 to 2002. Mr. Ferguson’s focus at
Frost Securities, Inc. was on the midstream energy services sector.
Mr. Ferguson also has ten years of experience in various sectors of
the energy industry. Mr. Ferguson’s served as product manager of
energy risk management from 1999 to 2001 with Allegro Development. His
industry experience also includes serving from 1996 to 1999 as an
operations engineer with Koch Gateway Pipeline Company and Delhi Gas
Pipeline Corporation, and from 1991 to 1995 as a petroleum engineer with
Kerr-McGee Corporation.
|
Mr. Ferguson
received his B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from the University of
Oklahoma in 1991 and an M.B.A in Finance from Southern Methodist
University in 2001. Mr. Ferguson obtained his NASD Series 7 and
63 securities licenses, and is also a registered professional engineer in
mechanical engineering.
|
Mr. Ferguson
currently serves on the board of directors of Royalty Income Fund of North
America (Offshore), Ltd., The Cushing Fund (Offshore), Ltd. and The
Dalrymple Global Resources Offshore Fund, Ltd.
|
Kevin P. Gallagher,
CFA. Mr. Gallagher joined the Investment Adviser in
2006. For the five years prior to that, Mr. Gallagher was a senior
research associate with RBC Capital Markets covering the Diversified
Energy and MLP sectors from 2000 to 2006. Mr. Gallagher’s career in
the investment business also includes 4 years at GMAC-RFC, where he
helped manage a portfolio of cash and investments.
|
Mr. Gallagher
earned a BS in Economics with Finance, a minor in Philosophy, and an MBA
from Southern Methodist University. In 2004, he received his Chartered
Financial Analyst (CFA) designation.
|
John W.
Cutler. Prior to joining the Investment Adviser in 2005,
Mr. Cutler has had over 30 years of experience in the investment
management and securities industries. As an institutional fixed income
specialist, Mr. Cutler dealt not only in traditional products but
also collateralized mortgage obligations, asset backed securities,
restructured RTC products, high yield debt, private placements and
derivative instruments. From 2001 to 2005, he served as Managing General
Partner of PAR Associates, Inc., an investment partnership formed in 1988.
From 1998 to 1999, Mr. Cutler was Vice President in the research
group of John S. Herold, Inc. He owned and managed the Pot Luck Casino
from 2000 to 2003 in Fernley, NV. He served as a Vice President in the
Capital Markets Group of Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation from 1989
to 1994. From 1983 to 1989, he was Regional Manager in the Fixed Income
Division of Dean Witter Reynolds. Mr. Cutler started his career as a
portfolio manager with U.S. Trust & Co. of New York in
1974.
|
Mr. Cutler
received a BS in Finance from the University of Virginia- McIntire School
of Commerce in 1974. He also pursued further studies at The New York
Institute of Finance and The New School, NYC.
|
Michael S.
Minces. Prior to joining the Investment Advisor in 2007,
Mr. Minces was the Chief Compliance Officer and Associate General Counsel
for Highland Capital Management, L.P., an alternative asset manager in
Dallas, Texas with over $40 billion in assets under
management. Mr. Minces held these positions with Highland from
August 2004 to July 2007 and was responsible for,
among
|
other
duties, the design, implementation and maintenance of Highland's firmwide
regulatory compliance platform. In addition to his positions
held at Highland, Mr. Minces also served as the Chief Compliance Officer
for each of Highland's 12 managed registered investment company clients,
with direct reporting responsibility to the Funds' independent Board of
Directors. Prior to joining Highland in August 2004, Mr. Minces
was an Associate from 2003 to 2004 in the Dallas office of the law firm of
Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP. Prior to working at
Akin Gump, Mr. Minces was an Associate in the New York office of Skadden,
Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom, LLP from 2000 to 2003.
|
Mr.
Minces received a Juris Doctorate from the University of Texas School of
Law and a Bachelors of Business Administration in Finance from the
University of Texas at Austin.
|
Investment
Management Agreement
|
The
Investment Adviser will act as the investment adviser to the Fund pursuant
to an investment management agreement (the “Investment Management
Agreement”). Pursuant to the Investment Management Agreement, the Fund has
agreed to pay the Investment Adviser a fee, payable at the end of each
calendar month, at an annual rate equal to 1.25% of the average weekly
value of the Fund’s Managed Assets during such month (the “Management
Fee”) for the services and facilities provided by the Investment Adviser
to the Fund.
|
The
Investment Adviser currently intends to reimburse the Fund’s expenses to
the extent that total annual Fund operating expenses, not including
interest payments or other expenses on borrowed funds, exceed 1.50% of
average weekly Managed Assets. The Investment Adviser is not obligated to
do so, however, and reimbursement may be discontinued at any
time.
|
Because
the Management Fee is based upon a percentage of the Fund’s Managed
Assets, the Management Fee will be higher if the Fund employs leverage.
Therefore, the Investment Adviser will have a financial incentive to use
leverage, which may create a conflict of interest between the Investment
Adviser and the Fund’s common shareholders.
|
In
addition to the Management Fee, the Fund pays all other costs and expenses
of its operations, including the compensation of its Trustees (other than
those affiliated with the Investment Adviser), custodian, transfer and
dividend disbursing agent expenses, legal fees, leverage expenses (if
any), rating agency fees (if any), listing fees and expenses, expenses of
independent auditors, expenses of repurchasing shares, expenses of
preparing, printing and distributing shareholder reports, notices, proxy
statements and reports to governmental agencies, and taxes, if
any.
|
A
discussion regarding the basis for approval by the Fund’s Board of
Trustees of its Investment Management Agreement with the Investment
Adviser is available in the Fund’s annual report to shareholders for the
period ended November 30, 2007.
|
The
Investment Management Agreement will continue in effect from year to year
after its initial two-year term so long as its continuation is approved at
least annually by the Trustees including a majority of Independent
Trustees or the vote of a majority of its outstanding voting securities.
Investment Management Agreement may be terminated at any time without the
payment of any penalty upon 60 days’ written notice by either party,
or by action of the Board of Trustees or by a majority vote of the Fund’s
outstanding voting securities (as defined under the 1940 Act) (accompanied
by appropriate notice), and will terminate automatically upon assignment.
The Investment Management Agreement may also be terminated, at any time,
without payment of any penalty, by the Board of Trustees or by vote of a
majority of outstanding voting securities, in the event that it is
established by a court of competent jurisdiction that the Investment
Adviser or any principal, officer or employee of the Investment Adviser
has taken any action which results in a breach of the covenants of the
Investment Adviser set out in the Investment Management Agreement. The
Investment Management Agreement will provide that the Investment Adviser
will not be liable for any loss sustained by reason of the purchase, sale
or retention of any security, whether or not such purchase, sale or
retention will have been based upon the investigation and research made by
any other individual, firm or corporation, if such recommendation will
have been selected with due care and in good faith, except loss resulting
from willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of the
Investment Adviser in performance of its obligations and duties, or by
reason of its reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under the
Investment Management Agreement.
|
Although
the Investment Adviser intends to devote such time and effort to the
business of the Fund as is reasonably necessary to perform its duties to
the Fund, the services of the Investment Adviser are not exclusive, and
the Investment Adviser provides similar services to other clients and may
engage in other activities.
|
Portfolio
Managers
|
The
following section discusses the accounts managed by the Fund’s portfolio
managers, the structure and method of their compensation, and their
ownership of the Fund’s securities. This information is current as of
February 29, 2008.
|
Other Accounts Managed by
Portfolio Managers. The following table reflects
information regarding accounts for which the portfolio managers have
day-to-day management responsibilities (other than the Fund). Accounts are
grouped into three categories: (a) registered investment companies,
(b) other pooled investment accounts, and (c) other accounts. To
the extent that any of these accounts pay advisory fees that are based on
account performance, this information will be reflected in a separate
table below. Information is shown as of March 1, 2008. Asset
amounts are approximate and have been
rounded.
|
Registered Investment
Companies (excluding
the Fund)
|
Other
Pooled
Investment Vehicles
|
Other Accounts
|
||||||||||||||||||
Portfolio
Manager
|
|
Number
of
Accounts
|
Total
Assets in
the
Accounts
|
Number
of
Accounts
|
Total
Assets
in
the
Accounts
|
Number
of
Accounts
|
Total
Assets
in
the
Accounts
|
|||||||||||||
Jerry
V. Swank
|
0
|
$ |
0
|
3
|
$ | 950,000,000 |
0
|
$ | 0 | |||||||||||
Brian
D. Watson
|
0
|
$ |
0
|
1
|
$ | 30,000,000 |
1
|
$ | 167,000,000 |
Registered Investment
Companies (excluding
the Fund)
|
Other
Pooled
Investment Vehicles
|
Other Accounts
|
||||||||||||||||||
Portfolio
Manager
|
|
Number
of
Accounts
|
Total
Assets
in
the
Accounts
|
Number
of
Accounts
|
Total
Assets
in
the
Accounts
|
Number
of
Accounts
|
Total
Assets
in
the
Accounts
|
|||||||||||||
Jerry
V. Swank
|
0
|
$ |
0
|
3
|
$ | 950,000,000 |
0
|
$ | 0 | |||||||||||
Brian
D. Watson
|
0
|
$ |
0
|
1
|
$ | 30,000,000 |
1
|
$ | 167,000,000 |
Messrs. Swank
and Watson are compensated by the Investment Adviser. Mr. Swank is a
principal of the Investment Adviser and is compensated through partnership
distributions that are based primarily on the profits and losses of the
Investment Adviser. The partnership distributions are affected by the
amount of assets the Investment Adviser manages and the appreciation of
those assets, particularly over the long-term, but are not determined with
specific reference to any particular performance benchmark or time period.
Mr. Watson is compensated through a base salary and a bonus in
amounts that are affected primarily by the profits and losses of the
Investment Adviser but are also affected by the Investment Adviser’s
consideration of such factors as his work ethic, seniority, the
appreciation of assets in the Fund and other accounts he manages, or any
other factors the Investment Adviser determines contribute to client goals
and the long-term success of the Investment Adviser. Some of the other
accounts managed by Messrs. Swank and Watson, including the
Affiliated Funds, have investment strategies that are similar to the
Fund’s investment strategy. However, the Investment Adviser manages
potential material conflicts of interest by allocating investment
opportunities in accordance with its allocation policies and
procedures.
|
Aggregate
Dollar Range of
|
|||||
Equity
Securities in All Funds
|
|||||
Overseen
by Trustees in
|
|||||
Name
of Trustee or
|
Dollar
Range of Equity
|
Family
of
Registered
Investment
|
|||
Trustee
Nominee
|
Securities
in
the Trust
|
Companies(*)
|
|||
Brian
R. Bruce
|
None.
|
N/A
|
|||
Ronald
P. Trout
|
$10,001
- $50,000
|
N/A
|
|||
Edward
N. McMillan
|
over
$100,000
|
N/A
|
|||
Jerry
V. Swank
|
over
$100,000
|
N/A
|
Administrator
|
U.S. Bancorp
Fund Services LLC, the Administrator, which is located at 615 East
Michigan Street, Milwaukee, WI 53202, serves as the Fund’s administrator
pursuant to a fund administration servicing agreement. Pursuant to this
agreement, the Administrator provides the Fund with, among other things,
compliance oversight, financial reporting oversight and tax reporting. The
Fund pays the Administrator a monthly fee computed at an annual rate of
0.08% of the first $100 million of Managed Assets, 0.05% on the next
$200 million of Managed Assets and 0.04% on the balance of Managed
Assets, subject to a minimum annual fee of $45,000. The Fund will also pay
for the Administrator’s out-of-pocket expenses. The Administrator also
serves as fund accountant pursuant to a fund accounting servicing
agreement.
|
PORTFOLIO
TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE
|
Subject
to the oversight of the Board of Trustees, the Investment Adviser is
responsible for decisions to buy and sell securities for the Fund, the
negotiation of the commissions to be paid on brokerage transactions, the
prices for principal trades in securities, and the allocation of portfolio
brokerage and principal business. It is the policy of the Investment
Adviser to seek the best execution at the best security price available
with respect to each transaction in light of the overall quality of
brokerage and research services provided to the Investment Adviser. In
selecting broker/dealers and in negotiating commissions, the Investment
Adviser will consider, among other things, the firm’s reliability, the
quality of its execution services on a continuing basis and its financial
condition.
|
Section 28(e)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, permits an investment
adviser, under certain circumstances, to cause an account to pay a broker
or dealer who supplies brokerage and research services a commission for
effecting a transaction in excess of the amount of commission another
broker or dealer would have charged for effecting the transaction.
Brokerage and research services include (a) furnishing advice as to
the value of securities, the advisability of investing, purchasing or
selling securities, and the availability of securities or purchasers or
sellers of securities; (b) furnishing analyses and reports concerning
issuers, industries, securities, economic factors and trends, portfolio
strategy, and the performance of accounts; and (c) effecting
securities transactions and performing functions incidental to those
transactions (such as clearance, settlement, and
custody).
|
In
light of the above, in selecting brokers, the Investment Adviser may
consider investment and market information and other research, such as
economic, securities and performance measurement research, provided by
such brokers, and the quality and reliability of brokerage services,
including execution capability, performance, and financial responsibility.
Accordingly, the commissions charged by any such broker may be greater
than the amount another firm might charge if the Investment Adviser
determines in good faith that the amount of such commissions is reasonable
in relation to the value of the research information and brokerage
services provided by such broker to the Investment Adviser or to the Fund.
The Investment Adviser believes that the research information received in
this manner provides the Fund with benefits by supplementing the research
otherwise available to the Investment Adviser.
|
The
Investment Adviser seeks to allocate portfolio transactions equitably
whenever concurrent decisions are made to purchase or sell securities on
behalf of the Fund and another advisory account. In some cases, this
procedure could have an adverse effect on
the
|
price
or the amount of securities available to the Fund. In making such
allocations between the Fund and other advisory accounts, the main factors
considered by the Investment Adviser are the investment objective, the
relative size of portfolio holding of the same or comparable securities,
the availability of cash for investment and the size of investment
commitments generally held, and the views of the persons responsible for
recommending investments to the Fund and such other accounts and
funds.
|
NET
ASSET VALUE
|
The
Fund will determine the net asset value of its common shares as of the
close of regular session trading on the New York Stock Exchange (normally
4:00 p.m. eastern time) no less frequently than weekly on Wednesday
of each week. The Fund calculates net asset value per common share by
subtracting liabilities (including accrued expenses or dividends) from the
total assets of the Fund (the value of the securities plus cash or other
assets, including interest accrued but not yet received) and dividing the
result by the total number of outstanding common shares of the Fund. The
Fund will rely to some extent on information provided by the MLPs, which
is not necessarily timely, to estimate taxable income allocable to the MLP
units held in the Fund’s portfolio and to estimate the associated deferred
tax liability. From time to time the Fund will modify its estimates and/or
assumptions regarding its deferred tax liability as new information
becomes available. To the extent the Fund modifies its estimates and/or
assumptions, the net asset value of the Fund would likely
fluctuate.
|
Valuations
|
The
Fund will use the following valuation methods to determine either current
market value for investments for which market quotations are available, or
if not available, the fair value, as determined in good faith pursuant to
such policies and procedures may be approved by the Board of Trustees from
time to time. The valuation of the portfolio securities of the Fund
currently includes the following processes:
|
(i) The
market value of each security listed or traded on any recognized
securities exchange or automated quotation system will be the last
reported sale price at the relevant valuation date on the composite tape
or on the principal exchange on which such security is traded. If no sale
is reported on that date, the Investment Adviser utilizes, when available,
pricing quotations from principal market makers. Such quotations may be
obtained from third-party pricing services or directly from investment
brokers and dealers in the secondary market. Generally, the Fund’s loan
and bond positions are not traded on exchanges and consequently are valued
based on market prices received from third-party pricing services or
broker-dealer sources.
|
(ii) Dividends
declared but not yet received, and rights in respect of securities which
are quoted ex-dividend or ex-rights, will be recorded at the fair value of
those dividends or rights, as determined by the Investment Adviser, which
may (but need not) be the value so determined on the day such securities
are first quoted ex-dividend or ex-rights.
|
(iii) Listed
options, or over-the-counter options for which representative brokers’
quotations are available, will be valued in the same manner as listed or
over-the-counter securities. Premiums for the sale of such options written
by the Fund will be included in the assets of the Fund, and the market
value of such options will be included as a liability.
|
(iv) The
Fund’s non-marketable investments will generally be valued in such manner
as the Investment Adviser determines in good faith to reflect their fair
values under procedures established by, and under the general supervision
and responsibility of, the Board of Trustees. The pricing of all assets
that are fair valued in this manner will be subsequently reported to and
ratified by the Board of Trustees.
|
When
determining the fair value of an asset, the Investment Adviser will seek
to determine the price that the Fund might reasonably expect to receive
from the current sale of that asset in an arm’s length transaction. Fair
value determinations will be based upon all available factors that the
Investment Adviser deems relevant.
|
DISTRIBUTIONS
|
The
Fund intends to make regular quarterly cash distributions of all or a
portion of its income to its common shareholders. The Fund may
pay capital gain distributions annually, if available.
|
The
Fund anticipates that, due to the tax characterization of cash
distributions made by MLPs, a significant portion of the Fund’s
distributions to common shareholders will consist of tax-advantaged return
of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In general, a
distribution will constitute a return of capital to a common shareholder,
rather than a dividend, to the extent such
distribution
|
exceeds
the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. The portion of
any distribution treated as a return of capital will not be subject to tax
currently, but will result in a corresponding reduction in a shareholder’s
basis in our common shares and in the shareholder’s recognizing more gain
or less loss (that is, will result in an increase of a shareholder’s tax
liability) when the shareholder later sells or exchanges our common
shares. To permit it to maintain a more stable quarterly distribution
rate, the Fund may distribute less or more than the entire amount of cash
it receives from its investments in a particular period. Any undistributed
cash would be available to supplement future distributions, and until
distributed would add to the Fund’s net asset value. Correspondingly, such
amounts, once distributed, will be deducted from the Fund’s net asset
value. Shareholders will automatically have all distributions reinvested
in common shares issued by the Fund or common shares of the Fund purchased
on the open market in accordance with the Fund’s dividend reinvestment
plan unless an election is made to receive cash. Common shareholders who
receive dividends in the form of additional common shares will be subject
to the same U.S. federal, state and local tax consequences as common
shareholders who elect to receive their dividends in cash. See “Dividend
Reinvestment Plan.”
|
DIVIDEND
REINVESTMENT PLAN
|
Unless
the registered owner of common shares elects to receive cash by contacting
the Plan Agent, all dividends declared for your common shares of the Fund
will be automatically reinvested by Computershare Trust Company, N.A.
and/or Computershare Inc. (together, the “Plan Agent”), agent for
shareholders in administering the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan (the
“Plan”), in additional common shares of the Fund. If a registered owner of
common shares elects not to participate in the Plan, you will receive all
dividends in cash paid by check mailed directly to you (or, if the shares
are held in street or other nominee name, then to such nominee) by the
Plan Agent, as dividend disbursing agent. You may elect not to participate
in the Plan and to receive all dividends in cash by sending written
instructions or by contacting the Plan Agent, as dividend disbursing
agent, at the address set out below. Participation in the Plan is
completely voluntary and may be terminated or resumed at any time without
penalty by contacting the Plan Agent before the dividend record date;
otherwise such termination or resumption will be effective with respect to
any subsequently declared dividend or other distribution. Some brokers may
automatically elect to receive cash on your behalf and may reinvest that
cash in additional common shares of the Fund for you.
|
The
Plan Agent will open an account for each common shareholder under the Plan
in the same name in which such common shareholder’s common shares are
registered. Whenever the Fund declares a dividend or other distribution
(for purposes of this section, together, a “dividend”) payable in cash,
non-participants in the Plan will receive cash and participants in the
Plan will receive the equivalent in common shares. The common shares will
be acquired by the Plan Agent for the participants’ accounts, depending
upon the circumstances described below, either (i) through receipt of
additional unissued but authorized common shares from the Fund (“newly
issued common shares”) or (ii) by purchase of outstanding common
shares on the open market (“open-market purchases”) on the New York Stock
Exchange or elsewhere.
|
If,
on the payment date for any dividend, the market price per common share
plus estimated brokerage commissions is greater than the net asset value
per common share (such condition being referred to in this prospectus as
“market premium”), the Plan Agent will invest the dividend amount in newly
issued common shares, including fractions, on behalf of the participants.
The number of newly issued common shares to be credited to each
participant’s account will be determined by dividing the dollar amount of
the dividend by the net asset value per common share on the payment date;
provided that, if the net asset value per common share is less than 95% of
the market price per common share on the payment date, the dollar amount
of the dividend will be divided by 95% of the market price per common
share on the payment date.
|
If,
on the payment date for any dividend, the net asset value per common share
is greater than the market value per common share plus estimated brokerage
commissions (such condition being referred to in this prospectus as
“market discount”), the Plan Agent will invest the dividend amount in
common shares acquired on behalf of the participants in open-market
purchases.
|
In
the event of a market discount on the payment date for any dividend, the
Plan Agent will have until the last business day before the next date on
which the common shares trade on an “ex-dividend” basis or 120 days
after the payment date for such dividend, whichever is sooner (the “last
purchase date”), to invest the dividend amount in common shares acquired
in open-market purchases. It is contemplated that the Fund will pay
quarterly dividends. Therefore, the period during which open-market
purchases can be made will exist only from the payment date of each
dividend through the date before the “ex-dividend” date of the third month
of the quarter. If, before the Plan Agent has completed its open-market
purchases, the market price of a common share exceeds the net asset value
per common share, the average per common share purchase price paid by the
Plan Agent may exceed the net asset value of the common shares, resulting
in the acquisition of fewer common shares than if the dividend had been
paid in newly issued common shares on the dividend payment date. Because
of the foregoing difficulty with respect to open market purchases, if the
Plan Agent is unable to invest the full dividend amount in open market
purchases during the purchase period or if the market discount shifts to
a
|
market
premium during the purchase period, the Plan Agent may cease making
open-market purchases and may invest the uninvested portion of the
dividend amount in newly issued common shares at the net asset value per
common share at the close of business on the last purchase date; provided
that, if the net asset value per common share is less than 95% of the
market price per common share on the payment date, the dollar amount of
the dividend will be divided by 95% of the market price per common share
on the payment date.
|
The
Plan Agent maintains all shareholders’ accounts in the Plan and furnishes
written confirmation of all transactions in the accounts, including
information needed by shareholders for tax records. Common shares in the
account of each Plan participant will be held by the Plan Agent on behalf
of the Plan participant, and each shareholder proxy will include those
shares purchased or received pursuant to the Plan. The Plan Agent will
forward all proxy solicitation materials to participants and vote proxies
for shares held under the Plan in accordance with the instructions of the
participants.
|
In
the case of shareholders such as banks, brokers or nominees which hold
shares for others who are the beneficial owners, the Plan Agent will
administer the Plan on the basis of the number of common shares certified
from time to time by the record shareholder’s name and held for the
account of beneficial owners who participate in the
Plan.
|
There
will be no brokerage charges with respect to common shares issued directly
by the Fund. However, each participant will pay a pro rata share of
brokerage commissions incurred in connection with open-market purchases.
The automatic reinvestment of dividends will not relieve participants of
any federal, state or local income tax that may be payable (or required to
be withheld) on such dividends. Accordingly, any taxable dividend received
by a participant that is reinvested in additional common shares will be
subject to federal (and possibly state and local) income tax even though
such participant will not receive a corresponding amount of cash with
which to pay such taxes. See “Tax Matters.” Participants who request a
sale of shares through the Plan Agent are subject to a $15.00 sales fee
and pay a brokerage commission of $0.12 per share sold.
|
The
Fund reserves the right to amend or terminate the Plan. There is no direct
service charge to participants in the Plan; however, the Fund reserves the
right to amend the Plan to include a service charge payable by the
participants.
|
For
more information about the plan you may contact the Plan Agent in writing
at PO Box 43078, Providence, RI 02940-3078, or by calling the
Plan Agent at 1-800-662-7232.
|
DESCRIPTION
OF SHARES
|
Common
Shares
|
The
Fund is a statutory trust organized under the laws of Delaware pursuant to
a Declaration of Trust dated as of May 23, 2007. The Fund is
authorized to issue an unlimited number of common shares of beneficial
interest, par value $0.001 per share. The number of common shares
outstanding as of March 1, 2008 was 8,755,236. Each common share has one
vote and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the terms of this
offering, will be fully paid and non-assessable, except that the Board of
Trustees will have the power to cause shareholders to pay expenses of the
Fund by setting off charges due from shareholders from declared but unpaid
distributions owed the shareholders and/or by reducing the number of
common shares owned by each respective shareholder. The Fund currently is
not aware of any expenses that will be paid pursuant to this provision,
except to the extent fees payable under its Dividend Reinvestment Plan are
deemed to be paid pursuant to this provision.
|
The
Fund intends to hold annual meetings of shareholders so long as the common
shares are listed on a national securities exchange and such meetings are
required as a condition to such listing. All common shares are equal as to
distributions, assets and voting privileges and have no conversion,
preemptive or other subscription rights. The Fund will send annual and
semi-annual reports, including financial statements, to all holders of its
shares.
|
The
Fund has no present intention of offering any additional shares and common
shares issued under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Any additional
offerings of shares will require approval by the Board of Trustees. Any
additional offering of common shares will be subject to the requirements
of the 1940 Act, which provides that shares may not be issued at a price
below the then current net asset value, except in connection with an
offering to existing holders of common shares or with the consent of a
majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities.
|
The
Fund’s common shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the
symbol “SRV.” Net asset value will be reduced immediately following the
offering of common shares by the amount of the offering costs paid by the
Fund. See “Summary of
|
Fund Expenses.”
|
Unlike
open-end funds, closed-end funds like the Fund do not continuously offer
shares and do not provide daily redemptions. Rather, if a shareholder
determines to buy additional common shares or sell shares already held,
the shareholder may do so by trading through a broker on the New York
Stock Exchange or otherwise. Shares of closed-end funds frequently trade
on an exchange at prices lower than net asset value. Because the market
value of the common shares may be influenced by such factors as
distribution levels (which are in turn affected by expenses), distribution
stability, net asset value, relative demand for and supply of such shares
in the market, general market and economic conditions and other factors
beyond the control of the Fund, the Fund cannot assure you that common
shares will trade at a price equal to or higher than net asset value in
the future. The common shares are designed primarily for long-term
investors and you should not purchase the common shares if you intend to
sell them soon after purchase.
|
The
following table sets forth, for the quarters indicated, the net asset
value per common share and the premium to or discount from net asset
value, on the date of each of the high and low market
prices.
|
Closing
|
Net
Asset Value
|
Premium/(Discount)
|
|||
Month
Ended
|
Market
Price
|
Per
Share
|
Net
Asset Value
|
||
August 31, 2007
|
$19.40
|
$19.07
|
1.70%
|
||
September
28, 2007
|
$19.00
|
$18.92
|
0.42%
|
||
October
31, 2007
|
$17.68
|
$19.24
|
(8.82%)
|
||
November
30, 2007
|
$16.71
|
$18.18
|
(8.80%)
|
||
December
31, 2007
|
$15.96
|
$18.16
|
(13.78%)
|
||
January
31, 2008
|
$17.20
|
$17.97
|
(4.48%)
|
||
February
29, 2008
|
$16.95
|
$17.52
|
(3.36%)
|
Title of Class
|
Amount
Authorized
|
Amount Held by Fund for
its own Account
|
Amount Outstanding
Exclusive of Amount held by
Fund
|
|
Common Stock
|
12,000,000
|
0
|
8,755,236
|
Preferred
Shares
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The
Fund’s Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust (the
“Agreement and Declaration of Trust”) provides that the Board of Trustees
may authorize and issue Preferred Shares with rights as determined by the
Board of Trustees, by action of the Board of Trustees without the approval
of the holders of the common shares. Holders of common shares have no
preemptive right to purchase any Preferred Shares that might be issued.
Whenever Preferred Shares are outstanding, the holders of common shares
will not be entitled to receive any distributions from the Fund unless all
accrued distributions on Preferred Shares have been paid, unless asset
coverage (as defined in the 1940 Act) with respect to Preferred Shares
would be at least 200% after giving effect to the distributions and unless
certain other requirements imposed by any rating agencies rating the
Preferred Shares have been met. As of the date of this Prospectus, the
Fund has not issued any Preferred Shares and the Board of Trustees has no
present intention to issue Preferred Shares.
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Liquidation
Preference. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Fund, the holders of
Preferred Shares will be entitled to receive a preferential liquidating
distribution, which is expected to equal the original purchase price per
Preferred Share plus accrued and unpaid distributions, whether or not
declared, before any distribution of assets is made to holders of common
shares. After payment of the full amount of the liquidating distribution
to which they are entitled, the holders of Preferred Shares will not be
entitled to any further participation in any distribution of assets by the
Fund.
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Voting
Rights. The 1940 Act requires that the holders of any
Preferred Shares, voting separately as a single class, have the right to
elect at least two trustees at all times. The remaining trustees will be
elected by holders of common shares and Preferred Shares, voting together
as a single class. In addition, subject to the prior rights, if any, of
the holders of any other class of senior securities outstanding, the
holders of any Preferred Shares have the right to elect a majority of the
trustees of the Fund at any time two years of distributions on any
Preferred Shares are unpaid. The 1940 Act also requires that, in addition
to any approval by shareholders that might otherwise be required, the
approval of the holders of a majority of any outstanding Preferred Shares,
voting separately as a class, would be required to (i) adopt any plan
of reorganization that would adversely affect the Preferred Shares, and
(ii) take any action requiring a vote of security holders under
Section 13(a) of the 1940 Act, including, among other things, changes
in the Fund’s subclassification as a closed-end fund or changes in its
fundamental investment restrictions. As a result of these voting rights,
the Fund’s ability to take any such actions may be impeded to the extent
that there are any Preferred Shares outstanding. The Board of Trustees
presently intends that, except as otherwise indicated in this prospectus
and except as otherwise required by applicable law, holders of Preferred
Shares will have equal voting rights with holders of common shares (one
vote per share, unless otherwise required by the 1940 Act) and will vote
together with holders of common shares as a single
class.
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The
affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Preferred
Shares, voting as a separate class, will be required to amend, alter or
repeal any of the preferences, rights or powers of holders of Preferred
Shares so as to affect materially and adversely such preferences, rights
or powers, or to increase or decrease the authorized number of Preferred
Shares. The class vote of holders of Preferred Shares described above will
in each case be in addition to any other vote required to authorize the
action in question.
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Redemption, Purchase and Sale
of Preferred Shares by the Fund. The terms of the
Preferred Shares are expected to provide that (i) they are redeemable
by the Fund in whole or in part at the original purchase price per share
plus accrued distributions per share, (ii) the Fund may tender for or
purchase Preferred Shares and (iii) the Fund may subsequently resell
any shares so tendered for or purchased. Any redemption or purchase of
Preferred Shares by the Fund will reduce the leverage applicable to the
common shares, while any resale of shares by the Fund will increase that
leverage.
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The discussion above describes
the possible offering of Preferred Shares by the Fund. If the
Board of Trustees determines to proceed with such an offering, the terms
of the Preferred Shares may be the same as, or different from, the terms
described above, subject to applicable law and the Agreement and
Declaration of Trust. The Board of Trustees, without the approval of the
holders of common shares, may authorize an offering of Preferred Shares or
may determine not to authorize such an offering and may fix the terms of
the Preferred Shares to be offered.
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Other
Shares
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The
Board of Trustees (subject to applicable law and the Agreement and
Declaration of Trust) may authorize an offering, without the approval of
the holders of either common shares or Preferred Shares, of other classes
of shares, or other classes or series of shares, as they determine to be
necessary, desirable or appropriate, having such terms, rights,
preferences, privileges, limitations and restrictions as the Board of
Trustees see fit. The Fund currently does not expect to issue any other
classes of shares, or series of shares, except for the common
shares.
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ANTI-TAKEOVER
PROVISIONS IN THE AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST
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The
Agreement and Declaration of Trust includes provisions that could have the
effect of limiting the ability of other entities or persons to acquire
control of the Fund or to change the composition of its Board of Trustees.
This could have the effect of depriving shareholders of an opportunity to
sell their shares at a premium over prevailing market prices by
discouraging a third party from seeking to obtain control over the Fund.
Such attempts could have the effect of increasing the expenses of the Fund
and disrupting the normal operation of the Fund. The Board of Trustees is
divided into three classes, with the terms of one class expiring at each
annual meeting of shareholders. At each annual meeting, one class of
Trustees is elected to a three-year term. This provision could delay for
up to two years the replacement of a majority of the Board of Trustees. A
Trustee may be removed from office (with or without cause) by the action
of a majority of the remaining Trustees followed by a vote of the holders
of at least 75% of the shares then entitled to vote for the election of
the respective Trustee.
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In
addition, the Agreement and Declaration of Trust requires the favorable
vote of a majority of the Fund’s Board of Trustees followed by the
favorable vote of the holders of at least 75% of the outstanding shares of
each affected class or series of the Fund, voting separately as a class or
series, to approve, adopt or authorize certain transactions with 5% or
greater holders of a class or series of shares and their associates,
unless the transaction has been approved by at least 75% of the Trustees,
in which case “a majority of the outstanding voting securities” (as
defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund will be required. For purposes of
these provisions, a 5% or greater holder of a class or series of shares (a
“Principal Shareholder”) refers to any person who, whether directly or
indirectly and whether alone or together with its affiliates and
associates, beneficially owns 5% or more of the outstanding shares of all
outstanding classes or series of shares of beneficial interest of the
Fund.
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The
5% holder transactions subject to these special approval requirements are:
the merger or consolidation of the Fund or any subsidiary of the Fund with
or into any Principal Shareholder; the issuance of any securities of the
Fund to any Principal Shareholder for cash, except pursuant to any
automatic dividend reinvestment plan; the sale, lease or exchange of any
assets of the Fund to any Principal Shareholder, except assets having an
aggregate fair market value of less than $1,000,000, aggregating for the
purpose of such computation all assets sold, leased or exchanged in any
series of similar transactions within a twelve-month period; or the sale,
lease or exchange to the Fund or any subsidiary of the Fund, in exchange
for securities of the Fund, of any assets of any Principal Shareholder,
except assets having an aggregate fair market value of less than
$1,000,000, aggregating for purposes of such computation all assets sold,
leased or exchanged in any series of similar transactions within a
twelve-month period.
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To
convert the Fund to an open-end investment company, the Agreement and
Declaration of Trust requires the favorable vote of a majority of the
board of the Trustees followed by the favorable vote of the holders of at
least 75% of the outstanding shares of each affected class or series of
shares of the Fund, voting separately as a class or series, unless such
amendment has been approved by 75% of the Trustees, in which case “a
majority of the outstanding voting securities” (as defined in the 1940
Act) of the Fund will be required. The foregoing vote would satisfy a
separate requirement in the 1940 Act that any conversion of the Fund to an
open-end investment company be approved by the shareholders. If approved
in the foregoing manner, conversion of the Fund to an open-end investment
company could not occur until 90 days after the shareholders’ meeting
at which such conversion was approved and would also require at least
30 days’ prior notice to all shareholders. Following any such
conversion, it is possible that certain of the Fund’s investment policies
and strategies would have to be modified to assure sufficient portfolio
liquidity. In the event of conversion, the common shares would cease to be
listed on the New York Stock Exchange or other national securities
exchanges or market systems. Shareholders of an open-end investment
company may require the company to redeem their shares at any time, except
in certain circumstances as authorized by or under the 1940 Act, at their
net asset value, less such redemption charge, if any, as might be in
effect at the time of a redemption. The Fund expects to pay all such
redemption requests in cash, but reserves the right to pay redemption
requests in a combination of cash or securities. If such partial payment
in securities were made, investors may incur brokerage costs in converting
such securities to cash. If the Fund were converted to an open-end fund,
it is likely that new shares would be sold at net asset value plus a sales
load. The Board of Trustees believes, however, that the closed-end
structure is desirable in light of the Fund’s investment objective and its
policies and strategies. Therefore, you should assume that it is not
likely that the Board of Trustees would vote to convert the Fund to an
open-end fund.
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For
the purposes of calculating “a majority of the outstanding voting
securities” under the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, each class and
series of the Fund will vote together as a single class, except to the
extent required by the 1940 Act or the Agreement and Declaration of Trust,
with respect to any class or series of shares. If a separate class vote is
required, the applicable proportion of shares of the class or series,
voting as a separate class or series, also will be
required.
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The
Agreement and Declaration of Trust also provides that the Fund may be
dissolved and terminated upon the approval of 75% of the
Trustees.
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The
Board of Trustees has determined that provisions with respect to the Board
of Trustees and the shareholder voting requirements described above, which
voting requirements are greater than the minimum requirements under
Delaware law or the 1940 Act, are in the best interest of shareholders
generally. Reference should be made to the Agreement and Declaration of
Trust, on file with the Commission for the full text of these
provisions.
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CERTAIN
PROVISIONS OF DELAWARE LAW, THE AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION
OF
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TRUST
AND BYLAWS
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Classified Board of
Trustees. The Fund’s Board of Trustees is divided into
three classes of trustees serving staggered three-year terms. The initial
terms of the first, second and third classes will expire in 2008, 2009 and
2010, respectively. Beginning in 2008,
upon
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expiration
of their current terms, Trustees of each class will be elected to serve
for three-year terms and until their successors are duly elected and
qualify and each year one class of Trustees will be elected by the
shareholders. A classified board may render a change in control of the
Fund or removal of the Fund’s incumbent management more difficult. The
Fund believes, however, that the longer time required to elect a majority
of a classified Board of Trustees will help to ensure the continuity and
stability of its management and policies
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Election of
Trustees. The Fund’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust
provides that the affirmative vote of the holders of a plurality of the
outstanding shares entitled to vote in the election of Trustees will be
required to elect a Trustee.
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Number of Trustees; Vacancies;
Removal. The Fund’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust
provides that the number of Trustees will be set by the Board of Trustees.
The Fund’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides that a majority of
the Fund’s Trustees then in office may at any time increase or decrease
the number of Trustees provided there will be at least one Trustee. As
soon as any such Trustee has accepted his appointment in writing, the
trust estate will vest in the new Trustee, together with the continuing
Trustees, without any further act or conveyance, and he will be deemed a
Trustee hereunder. The Trustees’ power of appointment is subject to
Section 16(a) of the 1940 Act. Whenever a vacancy in the number of
Trustees will occur, until such vacancy is filled as provided, the
Trustees in office, regardless of their number, will have all the powers
granted to the Trustees and will discharge all the duties imposed upon the
Trustees by the Declaration.
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Action by
Shareholders. Shareholder action can be taken only at an
annual or special meeting of shareholders or by written consent in lieu of
a meeting.
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Advance Notice Provisions for
Shareholder Nominations and Shareholder Proposals. The
Fund’s Bylaws provide that with respect to an annual meeting of
shareholders, nominations of persons for election to the Board of Trustees
and the proposal of business to be considered by shareholders may be made
only (1) pursuant to the Fund’s notice of the meeting, (2) by
the Board of Trustees or (3) by a shareholder of record both at the
time of giving of notice and at the time of the annual meeting who is
entitled to vote at the meeting and who has complied with the advance
notice procedures of the Bylaws. With respect to special meetings of
shareholders, only the business specified in the Fund’s notice of the
meeting may be brought before the meeting. Nominations of persons for
election to the Board of Trustees at a special meeting may be made only
(1) pursuant to the Fund’s notice of the meeting, (2) by the
Board of Trustees or (3) provided that the Board of Trustees has
determined that Trustees will be elected at the meeting, by a shareholder
of record both at the time of giving of notice and at the time of the
annual meeting who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has complied
with the advance notice provisions of the Bylaws.
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Calling of Special Meetings of
Shareholders. The Fund’s Bylaws provide that special
meetings of shareholders may be called at any time by the Chairman, the
President or the Trustees. By following certain procedures, a special
meeting of shareholders will also be called by the Secretary of the Trust
upon the written request of the Shareholders entitled to cast not less
than a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast at such
meeting.
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CLOSED-END
FUND STRUCTURE
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Closed-end
funds differ from open-end management investment companies (commonly
referred to as “mutual funds”). Closed-end funds generally list their
shares for trading on a securities exchange and do not redeem their shares
at the option of the shareholder. In contrast, mutual funds issue
securities redeemable at net asset value at the option of the shareholder
and typically engage in a continuous offering of their shares. Although
mutual funds are subject to continuous asset in-flows and out-flows that
can complicate portfolio management, closed-end funds generally can stay
more fully invested in securities consistent with the closed-end fund’s
investment objective and policies. Accordingly, closed-end funds have
greater flexibility than open-end funds to make certain types of
investments, including investments in illiquid
securities.
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Shares
of closed-end funds listed for trading on a securities exchange frequently
trade at discounts to their net asset value, but in some cases trade at a
premium. The market price may be affected by net asset value, dividend or
distribution levels (which are dependent, in part, on expenses), supply of
and demand for the shares, stability of dividends or distributions,
trading volume of the shares, general market and economic conditions and
other factors beyond the control of the closed-end fund. The foregoing
factors may result in the market price of the Fund’s common shares being
greater than, less than or equal to net asset value. The Board of Trustees
has reviewed the Fund’s structure in light of its investment objective and
policies and has determined that the closed-end structure is in the best
interests of the Fund’s shareholders. However, the Board of Trustees may
periodically review the trading range and activity of the Fund’s shares
with respect to their net asset value and may take certain actions to seek
to reduce or eliminate any such discount. Such actions may include open
market repurchases or tender offers for the Fund’s common shares at net
asset value or
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the
Fund’s possible conversion to an open-end mutual fund. There can be no
assurance that the Board of Trustees will decide to undertake any of these
actions or that, if undertaken, such actions would result in the Fund’s
common shares trading at a price equal to or close to net asset value per
share of its common shares. Based on the determination of the Board of
Trustees in connection with this initial offering of the Fund’s common
shares that the closed-end structure is desirable in light of the Fund’s
investment objective and policies, it is highly unlikely that the Board of
Trustees would vote to convert the Fund to an open-end investment
company.
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Delaware
trust law provides that any proposal for the Fund’s conversion from a
closed-end fund to an open-end investment company requires the approval of
its Board of Trustees and the shareholders entitled to cast at least 80%
of the votes entitled to be cast on such matter. However, if such proposal
is also approved by at least 80% of the Fund’s continuing Trustees (in
addition to the approval by the Fund’s Board of Trustees), such proposal
may be approved by a majority of the votes entitled to be cast on the
matter. See “Description of Shares” for a discussion of voting
requirements applicable to the Fund’s conversion to an open-end investment
company. If the Fund converted to an open-end investment company, it would
be required to redeem all preferred stock then outstanding (requiring in
turn that it liquidate a portion of its investment portfolio) and its
common shares would not be eligible to be listed on the NYSE. Conversion
to open-end status could also require the Fund to modify certain
investment restrictions and policies. Shareholders of an open-end
investment company may require the investment company to redeem their
shares at any time (except in certain circumstances as authorized by or
permitted under the 1940 Act) at their net asset value, less such
redemption charge, if any, as might be in effect at the time of
redemption. In order to avoid maintaining large cash positions or
liquidating favorable investments to meet redemptions, open-end investment
companies typically engage in a continuous offering of their shares.
Open-end investment companies are thus subject to periodic asset in-flows
and out-flows that can complicate portfolio management. The Fund’s Board
of Trustees may at any time propose the Fund’s conversion to open-end
status, depending upon its judgment regarding the advisability of such
action in light of circumstances then prevailing.
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REPURCHASE
OF COMMON SHARES
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In
recognition of the possibility that the Fund’s common shares might trade
at a discount to net asset value and that any such discount may not be in
the interest of the Fund’s common shareholders, the Board of Trustees, in
consultation with the Investment Adviser, from time to time may, but is
not required to, review possible actions to reduce any such discount. The
Board of Trustees also may, but is not required to, consider from time to
time open market repurchases of and/or tender offers for the Fund’s common
shares, as well as other potential actions, to seek to reduce any market
discount from net asset value that may develop. After any consideration of
potential actions to seek to reduce any significant market discount, the
Board of Trustees may, subject to its applicable duties and compliance
with applicable U.S. state and federal laws, authorize the commencement of
a share-repurchase program or tender offer. The size and timing of any
such share repurchase program or tender offer will be determined by the
Board of Trustees in light of the market discount of the Fund’s common
shares, trading volume of the Fund’s common shares, information presented
to the Board of Trustees regarding the potential impact of any such share
repurchase program or tender offer, general market and economic conditions
and applicable law. There can be no assurance that the Fund will in fact
effect repurchases of or tender offers for any of its common shares. The
Fund may, subject to its investment limitation with respect to borrowings,
incur debt to finance such repurchases or a tender offer or for other
valid purposes. Interest on any such borrowings would increase the Fund’s
expenses and reduce its net income.
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There
can be no assurance that repurchases of the Fund’s common shares or tender
offers, if any, will cause share of its common shares to trade at a price
equal to or in excess of their net asset value. Nevertheless, the
possibility that a portion of the Fund’s outstanding common shares may be
the subject of repurchases or tender offers may reduce the spread between
market price and net asset value that might otherwise exist. Sellers may
be less inclined to accept a significant discount in the sale of their
common shares if they have a reasonable expectation of being able to
receive a price of net asset value for a portion of their common shares in
conjunction with an announced repurchase program or tender offer for the
Fund’s common shares.
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Although
the Board of Trustees believes that repurchases or tender offers generally
would have a favorable effect on the market price of the Fund’s common
shares, the acquisition of common shares by the Fund will decrease its
total assets and therefore will have the effect of increasing its expense
ratio and decreasing the asset coverage with respect to any preferred
stock outstanding. Because of the nature of the Fund’s investment
objective, policies and portfolio, particularly its investment in illiquid
or otherwise restricted securities, it is possible that repurchases of
common shares or tender offers could interfere with the Fund’s ability to
manage its investments in order to seek its investment objective. Further,
it is possible that the Fund could experience difficulty in borrowing
money or be required to dispose of portfolio securities to consummate
repurchases of or tender offers for common shares.
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TAX
MATTERS
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Tax
matters are complicated, and the U.S. federal, state, local and foreign
tax consequences of an investment in and holding of the Fund’s common
shares will depend on the facts of each investor’s situation. Investors
are encouraged to consult their own tax advisers regarding the specific
tax consequences that may affect such investors.
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The
following is a summary of the material U.S. federal income tax
considerations generally applicable to U.S. Shareholders (as defined
below) that acquire shares pursuant to this offering and that hold such
shares as capital assets (generally, for investment). The discussion is
based upon the Code, Treasury Regulations, judicial authorities, published
positions of the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) and other applicable
authorities, all as in effect on the date of this prospectus and all of
which are subject to change or differing interpretations (possibly with
retroactive effect). This summary does not address all of the potential
U.S. federal income tax consequences that may be applicable to the Fund or
to all categories of investors, some of which may be subject to special
tax rules. No ruling has been or will be sought from the IRS regarding any
matter discussed in this prospectus. Counsel to the Fund has not rendered
any legal opinion to the Fund regarding any tax consequences relating to
the Fund or an investment in the Fund. No assurance can be given that the
IRS would not assert, or that a court would not sustain a position
contrary to any of the tax aspects set out below.
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Prospective
investors must consult their own tax advisers as to the U.S. federal
income tax consequences of acquiring, holding and disposing of common
shares, as well as the effects of state, local and foreign tax
laws.
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For
purposes of this summary, the term “U.S. Shareholder” means a beneficial
owner of shares that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is one of the
following:
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Ÿ
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an
individual who is a citizen or resident of the United
States;
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Ÿ
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a
corporation or other entity taxable as a corporation created in or
organized under the laws of the United States or any state of the United
States;
|
Ÿ
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an
estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation
regardless of its source; or
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Ÿ
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a
trust (x) if a U.S. court is able to exercise primary supervision
over the administration of such trust and one or more U.S. persons have
the authority to control all substantial decisions of such trust or
(y) that has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S.
Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.
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Ÿ
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If
a partnership holds shares, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a
partner in such partnership generally will depend upon the status of the
partner and the activities of the partnership. Partners of partnerships
that hold shares should consult their tax advisers.
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The
Fund
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The
Fund will be treated as a regular corporation, or “C” corporation, for
U.S. federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, the Fund generally will be
subject to U.S. federal income tax on its taxable income at the graduated
rates applicable to corporations (currently at a maximum rate of 35%). In
addition, as a regular corporation, the Fund may be subject to state
income tax by reason of its investments in equity securities of MLPs. The
Fund may be subject to a 20% alternative minimum tax on its alternative
minimum taxable income to the extent that the alternative minimum tax
exceeds the Fund’s regular income tax liability. The Fund’s payment of
U.S. corporate income tax or alternative minimum tax could materially
reduce the amount of cash available for the Fund to make distributions on
the shares. In addition, distributions to shareholders of the Fund will be
taxed under federal income tax laws applicable to corporate distributions,
and thus the Fund’s taxable income will be subject to a double layer of
taxation.
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The
income from equity securities of certain MLPs is treated as qualifying
income for purposes of qualifying as a regulated investment company under
the Code. However, a regulated investment company may not invest more than
25% of its assets in the equity securities of MLPs. Thus, the Fund does
not expect that it will be eligible to elect to be treated as a regulated
investment company because the Fund intends to invest more than 25% of its
assets in the equity securities of MLPs.
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Certain
Fund Investments
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MLP Equity
Securities. MLPs differ from corporations in the way
they are treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes. A corporation is
required to pay U.S. federal income tax on its income, and, to the extent
the corporation makes distributions to its shareholders in the form of
dividends from earnings and profits, its shareholders are required to pay
U.S. federal income tax on such
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dividends.
For this reason, it is said that corporate income is taxed at two levels.
An MLP is instead treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax
purposes, which means no U.S. federal income tax is imposed at the
partnership entity level. A partnership’s items of taxable income, gain,
loss and deductions are generally allocated among all the partners in
proportion to their interests in the partnership. Each partner is required
to include in income its allocable shares of these tax items. Partnership
income is thus said to be taxed only at one level — at the partner
level.
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The
Code generally requires all publicly traded partnerships to be treated as
corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If, however, a publicly
traded partnership satisfies specific requirements, the publicly traded
partnership will be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax
purposes. Such publicly traded partnerships are referred to in this “Tax
Matters” discussion as MLPs. Under these requirements, an MLP is required
to derive 90% of its gross income for each taxable year from specified
sources of qualifying income, such as interest, dividends, real estate
rents, gain from the sale or disposition of real property, gains on sales
of certain capital assets, and in certain limited circumstances, income
and gain from commodities or futures, forwards and options with respect to
commodities. Qualifying income also includes income and gain from mineral
or natural resources activities, including exploration, development,
production, mining, refining, marketing and transportation (including
pipelines), of oil and gas, minerals, fertilizer, geothermal energy, or
timber. Most MLPs today are in natural resource, timber or real estate
related (including mortgage securities) businesses.
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Although
distributions from MLPs resemble corporate dividends, they are treated
differently for U.S. federal income tax purposes. A distribution from an
MLP is treated as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of the
partner’s tax basis in its MLP interest and as gain from the sale or
exchange of the MLP interest to the extent the distribution exceeds the
partner’s tax basis in its MLP interest.
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When
the Fund invests in the equity securities of an MLP, the Fund will be a
partner in such MLP. Accordingly, the Fund will be required to include in
its taxable income the Fund’s allocable share of the income, gains, losses
and deductions recognized by each such MLP, whether or not the MLP
distributes cash to the Fund. Based upon a review of the historic results
of the type of MLPs in which the Fund intends to invest, the Fund expects
that the cash distributions it will receive with respect its investments
in equity securities of MLPs will exceed the taxable income allocated to
the Fund from such MLPs. No assurance, however, can be given in this
regard. If this expectation is not realized, the Fund will have a larger
corporate income tax expense than expected, which will result in less cash
available to distribute to shareholders.
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The
Fund will recognize gain or loss on the sale, exchange or other taxable
disposition of an equity security of an MLP equal to the difference
between the amount realized by the Fund on the sale, exchange or other
taxable disposition and the Fund’s adjusted tax basis in such equity
security. Any such gain will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the
regular graduated corporate rates (currently at a maximum rate of 35%),
regardless of how long the Fund has held such equity security. The amount
realized by the Fund generally will be the amount paid by the purchaser of
the equity security plus the portion of the Fund’s allocable share, if
any, of the MLP’s debt that will be allocated to the purchaser as a result
of the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition. The Fund’s adjusted
tax basis in its equity securities in an MLP is generally equal to the
amount the Fund paid for the equity securities, (x) increased by the
Fund’s allocable share of the MLP’s net taxable income and the Fund’s
allocable share of the MLP’s debt, if any, and (y) decreased by the
Fund’s allocable share of the MLP’s net losses, reductions in the Fund’s
allocable share of the MLP’s debt, if any, and any distributions received
by the Fund from the MLP. Although any distribution by an MLP to the Fund
in excess of the Fund’s allocable share of such MLP’s net taxable income
generally will not be taxable to the extent the distribution does not
exceed the Fund’s tax basis in the MLP, such distribution will reduce the
Fund’s tax basis and thus increase the amount of gain (or decrease the
amount of loss) that will be recognized on the sale of an equity security
in the MLP by the Fund or on a subsequent distribution by the MLP to the
Fund.
|
The
Fund’s allocable share of certain percentage-depletion deductions and
intangible drilling costs of the MLPs in which the Fund invests may be
treated as items of tax preference for purposes of calculating the Fund’s
alternative minimum taxable income. Such items will increase the Fund’s
alternative minimum taxable income and increase the likelihood that the
Fund may be subject to the alternative minimum tax.
|
Other
Investments. The Fund’s transactions in foreign
currencies, forward contracts, options and futures contracts (including
options and futures contracts on foreign currencies), to the extent
permitted, will be subject to special provisions of the Code (including
provisions relating to “hedging transactions” and “straddles”) that, among
other things, may affect the character of gains and losses realized by the
Fund (i.e., may
affect whether gains or losses are ordinary or capital or short-term
versus long-term), accelerate recognition of income to the Fund and defer
Fund losses. These provisions also (a) will require the Fund to
mark-to-market certain types of the positions in its portfolio (i.e., treat them as if
they were closed out at the end of each year) and (b) may cause the
Fund to recognize income without receiving a corresponding amount
cash.
|
If
the Fund invests in debt obligations having original issue discount, the
Fund may recognize taxable income from such investments in excess of any
cash received from the investments.
|
Foreign
Investments. Dividends or other income (including, in
some cases, capital gains) received by the Fund from investments in
non-U.S. securities may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed
by foreign countries. Tax conventions between certain countries and the
United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes in some cases. Foreign
taxes paid by the Fund will reduce the return from the Fund’s investments.
Shareholders will not be entitled to claim credits or deductions on their
own tax returns for foreign taxes paid by the Fund.
|
The
Fund may invest in PFICs. As a result of an investment in a PFIC, the Fund
may be subject to an interest charge or, if it makes one of the elections
described below, may be required to recognize taxable income related to
such investment prior to its receipt of the corresponding
cash.
|
If
the Fund were to invest in a PFIC and elect to treat the PFIC as a
“qualified electing fund” under the Code, the Fund would be required to
include in income each year a portion of the ordinary earnings and net
capital gains of the qualified electing fund, even if not distributed to
the Fund. In order to make this election, the Fund would be required to
obtain certain annual information from the PFICs in which it invests,
which may be difficult or impossible to obtain.
|
Alternatively,
the Fund may make a mark-to-market election with respect to an interest in
a PFIC that is “marketable stock” as defined in the PFIC rules. This
election will result in the Fund’s being treated as if it had sold and
repurchased its PFIC stock at the end of each year. In such case, the Fund
would report any such gains as ordinary income and would deduct any such
losses as ordinary losses to the extent of previously recognized gains.
The election must be made separately for each PFIC owned by the Fund and,
once made, would be effective for all subsequent taxable years, unless
revoked with the consent of IRS.
|
U.S.
Shareholders
|
Distributions. Distributions
by the Fund of cash or property in respect of the shares will be treated
as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from
the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined
under U.S. federal income tax principles) and will be includible in gross
income by a U.S. Shareholder upon receipt. Any such dividend will be
eligible for the dividends received deduction if received by an otherwise
qualifying corporate U.S. Shareholder that meets the holding period and
other requirements for the dividends received deduction. Dividends paid by
the Fund to certain non-corporate U.S. Shareholders (including
individuals), with respect to taxable years beginning on or before
December 31, 2010, will be eligible for U.S. federal income taxation
at the rates generally applicable to long-term capital gains for
individuals (currently at a maximum tax rate of 15%), provided that the
U.S. Shareholder receiving the dividend satisfies applicable holding
period and other requirements.
|
If
the amount of a Fund distribution exceeds the Fund’s current and
accumulated earnings and profits, such excess will be treated first as a
tax-free return of capital to the extent of the U.S. Shareholder’s tax
basis in the shares, and then as capital gain. Any such capital gain will
be long-term capital gain if such U.S. Shareholder has held the applicable
shares for more than one year. The Fund’s earnings and profits are
generally calculated by making certain adjustments to the Fund’s taxable
income. Based upon the Fund’s review of the historic results of the type
of MLPs in which the Fund intends to invest, the Fund expects that the
cash distributions it will receive with respect to its investments in
equity securities of MLPs will exceed the Fund’s earnings and profits.
Accordingly, the Fund expects that only a portion of its distributions to
its shareholders with respect to the shares will be treated as dividends
for U.S. federal income tax purposes. No assurance, however, can be given
in this regard.
|
Because
the Fund will invest a substantial portion of its assets in natural
resource-related MLPs, special rules will apply to the calculation of the
Fund’s earnings and profits. For example, the Fund’s earnings and profits
will be calculated using the straight-line depreciation method rather than
the accelerated depreciation method. This difference in treatment may, for
example, result in the Fund’s earnings and profits being higher than the
Fund’s taxable income in a particular year if the MLPs in which the Fund
invests calculate their income using accelerated depreciation. Because of
these differences, the Fund may make distributions in a particular year
out of earnings and profits (treated as dividends) in excess of the amount
of the Fund’s taxable income for such year.
|
U.S.
Shareholders that participate in the Fund’s dividend reinvestment plan
will be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as having
(i) received a distribution equal to the reinvested amount (taxable
as described immediately above) and (ii) reinvested such amount in
shares.
|
Sales of
Shares. Upon the sale, exchange or other taxable
disposition of shares, a U.S. Shareholder generally will recognize
capital
|
gain
or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized on the sale,
exchange or other taxable disposition and the U.S. Shareholder’s adjusted
tax basis in the shares. Any such capital gain or loss will be a long-term
capital gain or loss if the U.S. Shareholder has held the shares for more
than one year at the time of disposition. Long-term capital gains of
certain non-corporate U.S. Shareholders (including individuals) are
currently subject to U.S. federal income taxation at a maximum rate of 15%
(scheduled to increase to 20% for taxable years beginning after
December 31, 2010). The deductibility of capital losses is subject to
limitations under the Code.
|
|
A
redemption of shares will be treated as a sale or exchange of such shares
provided the redemption is not essentially equivalent to a dividend, is a
substantially disproportionate redemption, is a complete redemption of an
shareholder’s interest in the Fund, or is in partial liquidation of the
Fund. A redemption treated as a sale or exchange of shares will be subject
to U.S. federal income tax as described immediately above. Redemptions
that do not qualify for sale or exchange treatment will be treated as
dividends to the extent paid from the Fund’s current or accumulated
earnings and profits allocable to such redemptions. To the extent the Fund
does not have sufficient earnings and profits, the redemption proceeds
will constitute a return of capital and will first be applied against and
reduce a shareholder’s adjusted basis in his or her shares, but not below
zero, and then the excess, if any, will be treated as gain from the sale
of the shares. If the Fund redeems shares, there is a risk that the
non-tendering shareholders would be considered to have received a deemed
distribution as a result of the Fund’s purchase of the tendered shares,
and all or a portion of that deemed distribution may be taxable as a
dividend.
|
|
A
U.S. Shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in its shares may be less than the
price paid for the shares as a result of distributions by the Fund in
excess of the Fund’s earnings and profits (i.e., returns of
capital).
|
|
Information Reporting and
Backup Withholding Requirements. In general,
distributions on the shares, and payments of the proceeds from a sale,
exchange or other disposition of the shares paid to a U.S. Shareholder are
subject to information reporting on Form 1099 and may be subject to
backup withholding (currently at a maximum rate of 28%) unless the U.S.
Shareholder (i) is a corporation or other exempt recipient or
(ii) provides an accurate taxpayer identification number and
certifies that it is not subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding
is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup
withholding rules from a payment to a U.S. Shareholder will be refunded or
credited against the U.S. Shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability,
if any, provided that the required information is furnished to the IRS.
Each shareholder will receive, if appropriate, various written notices
after the close of the Fund’s taxable year describing the amount and the
U.S. federal income tax status of distributions that were paid (or that
are treated as having been paid) by the Fund to the shareholder, and the
amount of any U.S. federal taxes withheld, during the preceding taxable
year.
|
|
Non-U.S.
Shareholders
|
|
For
purposes of this summary, the term “Non-U.S. Shareholder” means a
beneficial owner of shares that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is
one of the following:
|
|
Ÿ
|
a
non-resident alien individual, other than certain former citizens and
residents of the United States subject to tax as
expatriates,
|
Ÿ
|
a
foreign corporation or
|
Ÿ
|
a
foreign estate or trust.
|
If
a partnership holds shares, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a
partner in such partnership generally will depend upon the status of the
partner and the activities of the partnership. Partners of partnerships
that hold shares should consult their tax advisers.
|
|
A
“Non-U.S. Shareholder” does not include (i) an individual who is
present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year
of disposition and is not otherwise a resident of the United States for
U.S. federal income tax purposes or (ii) any person who owns at any
time, actually or constructively, more than 5% of the Fund’s shares. Any
such person is urged to consult his, her or its own tax adviser regarding
the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the sale, exchange or other
disposition of shares.
|
|
This
summary assumes that the Non-U.S. Shareholder’s investment in the Fund is
not effectively connected with the conduct by such Non-U.S. Shareholder of
a trade or business in the United States. Any Non-U.S. Shareholder whose
investment in the Fund is effectively connected with such Non-U.S.
Shareholder’s conduct of a trade or business in the United States should
consult its own tax adviser.
|
|
Distributions. Distributions
by the Fund of cash or property in respect of the shares will be treated
as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from
the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits (as determined
under U.S. federal income tax principles). Dividends paid by the Fund to a
Non-U.S. Shareholder generally will be subject to withholding tax at a 30%
rate or a reduced rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty. In
order to obtain a reduced rate of withholding tax, a Non-U.S. Shareholder
will be required to provide an IRS Form W-8BEN certifying its
entitlement to benefits under a treaty.
|
|
If
the amount of a Fund distribution exceeds the Fund’s current and
accumulated earnings and profits, such excess will be treated first as a
tax-free return of capital to the extent of the Non-U.S. Shareholder’s tax
basis in the shares, and then as capital gain. As discussed above, the
Fund expects that only a portion of its distributions to its shareholders
with respect to the shares will be treated as dividends for U.S. federal
income tax purposes. To the extent that any distribution by the Fund is
not treated as a dividend, such distribution will not be subject to
withholding tax, unless the Fund is or has been a U.S. real property
holding corporation, as defined below, at any time within the five-year
period preceding the distribution or the Non-U.S. Shareholder’s holding
period, whichever is shorter, and the shares have ceased to be traded on
an established securities market prior to the beginning of the calendar
year in which the distribution occurs. Gain recognized by a Non-U.S.
Shareholder as a consequence of a distribution by the Fund will not be
subject to U.S. federal income tax, except as described below under
“ — Sale of Shares.”
|
|
Sale of
Shares. A Non-U.S. Shareholder generally will not be
subject to U.S. federal income tax on gain realized on the sale, exchange
or other disposition of shares unless:
|
|
Ÿ
|
the
gain is effectively connected with a trade or business of the Non-U.S.
Shareholder in the United States, subject to an applicable treaty
providing otherwise, or
|
Ÿ
|
the
Fund is or has been a U.S. real property holding corporation, as defined
below, at any time within the five-year period preceding the disposition
or the Non-U.S. Shareholder’s holding period, whichever is shorter, and
the shares have ceased to be traded on an established securities market
prior to the beginning of the calendar year in which the sale, exchange or
other disposition occurs.
|
Generally,
a corporation is a U.S. real property holding corporation if the fair
market value of its U.S. real property interests, as defined in the Code
and applicable regulations, equals or exceeds 50% of the aggregate fair
market value of its worldwide real property interests and its other assets
used or held for use in a trade or business. The Fund may be, or may prior
to a Non-U.S. Shareholder’s disposition of shares become, a U.S. real
property holding corporation.
|
|
Information Reporting and
Backup Withholding. Information returns will be filed
with the Internal Revenue Service in connection with payments of dividends
and the proceeds from a sale or other disposition of shares. A Non-U.S.
Shareholder may have to comply with certification procedures to establish
that it is not a United States person in order to avoid information
reporting and backup withholding tax requirements. The certification
procedures required to claim a reduced rate of withholding under a treaty
will satisfy the certification requirements necessary to avoid the backup
withholding tax, as well. The amount of any backup withholding from a
payment to a Non-U.S. Shareholder may entitle such holder to a refund,
provided that the required information is furnished to the Internal
Revenue Service.
|
|
OTHER
SERVICE PROVIDERS
|
|
Computershare
Inc. and its fully owned subsidiary Computershare Trust Company,
N.A., which are located at 250 Royall Street, Canton, MA 02021, have
entered into a transfer agency and service agreement with the Fund. Under
this agreement, Computershare Trust Company, N.A. serves as the Fund’s
transfer agent, registrar and administrator of its dividend reinvestment
plan, and Computershare Inc. serves as dividend disbursing agent and may
act on behalf of Computershare Trust Company, N.A. in providing certain of
the services covered by the agreement.
|
|
U.S. Bank
National Association, which is located at 1555 N. Rivercenter
Dr., Suite 302, Milwaukee, WI 53212, acts as custodian of the
Fund’s securities and other assets.
|
|
The
Administrator acts as the Fund’s fund accountant. The Administrator will
assist in the calculation of the Fund’s net asset value. The Administrator
will also maintain and keep current the accounts, books, records and other
documents relating to the Fund’s financial and portfolio
transactions.
|
|
CODES
OF ETHICS
|
|
The
Fund and the Investment Adviser have adopted codes of ethics under
Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act. These codes permit personnel subject to
the codes to invest in securities, including securities that may be
purchased or held by the Fund. These codes of ethics can be reviewed and
copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. Information
on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling
the SEC at 1-202-551-8090. The codes of ethics are available on the EDGAR
Database on the SEC’s web site (http://www.sec.gov), and copies of these
codes may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic
request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing
the SEC’s Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C.
20549-0102.
|
PROXY
VOTING POLICY AND PROXY VOTING RECORD
|
The
Board of Trustees of the Fund has delegated the voting of proxies for Fund
securities to the Investment Adviser pursuant to the Investment Adviser’s
proxy voting policies and procedures. Under these policies and procedures,
the Investment Adviser will vote proxies related to Fund securities in the
best interests of the Fund and its shareholders. A copy of the Investment
Adviser’s proxy voting policies and procedures is attached as
Appendix B to this prospectus.
|
LEGAL
MATTERS
|
Certain
legal matters in connection with the Fund’s common shares will be passed
upon for the Fund by Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom
LLP.
|
INDEPENDENT
REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
|
The
Fund has selected Deloitte & Touche LLP as its independent registered
public accounting firm. Deloitte & Touche LLP’s principal business
address is located at 2200 Ross Avenue, Dallas, Texas
75201.
|
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
|
The
Fund is subject to the informational requirements of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the 1940 Act and in accordance with
those requirements is required to file reports, proxy statements and other
information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Any such reports
and other information, including the Fund’s Code of Ethics, can be
inspected and copied at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Public
Reference Room, Washington, D.C. 20549-0102. Information on the operation
of such public reference facilities may be obtained by calling the
Securities and Exchange Commission at (202) 551-8090. Copies of such
materials can be obtained from the Securities and Exchange Commission’s
Public Reference Room, at prescribed rates, or by electronic request at
publicinfo@sec.gov. The Securities and Exchange Commission maintains a
website at www.sec.gov containing reports and information statements and
other information regarding registrants, including the Fund, that file
electronically with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Reports, proxy
statements and other information concerning the Fund can also be inspected
at the offices of the New York Stock Exchange, 20 Broad Street, New
York, New York 10005.
|
Additional
information regarding the Fund is contained in the registration statement
on Form N-2, including amendments, exhibits and schedules to the
registration statement, relating to such shares filed by the Fund with the
Securities and Exchange Commission in Washington, D.C. This prospectus
does not contain all of the information set out in the registration
statement, including any amendments, exhibits and schedules to the
registration statement. For further information with respect to the Fund
and the shares offered hereby, reference is made to the registration
statement. Statements contained in this prospectus as to the contents of
any contract or other document referred to are not necessarily complete
and in each instance reference is made to the copy of such contract or
other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, each
such statement being qualified in all respects by such reference. A copy
of the registration statement may be inspected without charge at the
Securities and Exchange Commission’s principal office in Washington, D.C.,
and copies of all or any part of the registration statement may be
obtained from the Securities and Exchange Commission upon the payment of
certain fees prescribed by the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
|
APPENDIX A
|
RATINGS
OF INVESTMENTS
|
Commercial
Paper Ratings
|
Commercial
paper rated by S&P has the following characteristics: Liquidity ratios
are adequate to meet cash requirements. Long-term senior debt is rated “A”
or better. The issuer has access to at least two additional channels of
borrowing. Basic earnings and cash flow have an upward trend with
allowance made for unusual circumstances. Typically, the issuer’s industry
is well established and the issuer has a strong position within the
industry. The reliability and quality of management are unquestioned.
Relative strength or weakness of the above factors determine whether the
issuer’s commercial paper is rated A-1 or A-2.
|
The
ratings Prime-1 and Prime-2 are the two highest commercial paper ratings
assigned by Moody’s. Among the factors considered by it in assigning
ratings are the following: (1) evaluation of the management of the
issuer; (2) economic evaluation of the issuer’s industry or
industries and an appraisal of speculative-type risks which may be
inherent in certain areas; (3) evaluation of the issuer’s products in
relation to competition and customer acceptance; (4) liquidity;
(5) amount and quality of long-term debt; (6) trend of earnings
over a period of ten years; (7) financial strength of a parent
company and the relationships which exist with the issuer; and
(8) recognition by the management of obligations which may be present
or may arise as a result of public interest questions and preparations to
meet such obligations. Relative strength or weakness of the above factors
determines whether the issuer’s commercial paper is rated Prime-1 or
2.
|
APPENDIX B
|
PROXY
VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
|
SWANK
ENERGY INCOME ADVISORS, LP
|
Proxy
Voting Policy
|
Swank
Energy Income Advisors, LP (the “Investment
Adviser”) serves as the investment adviser and general partner,
respectively, of certain investment vehicles and other clients (each a
“Client”
and collectively, the “Clients”).
Through these relationships the Investment Adviser is delegated the right
to vote, on behalf of the Clients, proxies received from companies, the
securities of which are owned by the Clients.
|
Purpose
|
The
Investment Adviser follows this proxy voting policy (the “Policy”)
to ensure that proxies the Investment Adviser votes, on behalf of each
Client, are voted to further the best interest of that Client. The Policy
establishes a mechanism to address any conflicts of interests between the
Investment Adviser and the Client. Further, the Policy establishes how
Clients may obtain information on how the proxies have been
voted.
|
Determination
of Vote
|
The
Investment Adviser determines how to vote after studying the proxy
materials and any other materials that may be necessary or beneficial to
voting. The Investment Adviser votes in a manner that the Investment
Adviser believes reasonably furthers the best interests of the Client and
is consistent with the Investment Philosophy as set out in the relevant
investment management documents.
|
The
major proxy-related issues generally fall within five categories:
corporate governance, takeover defenses, compensation plans, capital
structure, and social responsibility. The Investment Adviser will cast
votes for these matters on a case-by-case basis. The Investment Adviser
will generally vote in favor of matters which follow an agreeable
corporate strategic direction, support an ownership structure that
enhances shareholder value without diluting management’s accountability to
shareholders and/or present compensation plans that are commensurate with
enhanced manager performance and market practices.
|
Resolution
of any Conflicts of Interest
|
If
a proxy vote creates a material conflict between the interests of the
Investment Adviser and a Client the Investment Adviser will resolve the
conflict before voting the proxies. The Investment Adviser will either
disclose the conflict to the Client and obtain a consent or take other
steps designed to ensure that a decision to vote the proxy was based on
the Investment Adviser’s determination of the Client’s best interest and
was not the product of the conflict.
|
Records
|
The
Investment Adviser maintains records of (i) all proxy statements and
materials the Investment Adviser receives on behalf of Clients;
(ii) all proxy votes that are made on behalf of the Clients;
(iii) all documents that were material to a proxy vote; (iv) all
written requests from Clients regarding voting history; and (v) all
responses (written and oral) to Clients’ requests. Such records are
available to the Clients (and owners of a Client that is an investment
vehicle) upon request.
|
Questions
and Requests
|
Clients
may obtain, free of charge, a record of proxy votes. Any questions or
requests should be directed to Jerry V. Swank at:
|
3300 Oak
Lawn Ave
|
Suite 650
|
Dallas,
Texas 75219
|
Telephone:
(214) 692-6334
|
Facsimile:
(214) 219-2353
|
(LOGO)
|
The
Cushing MLP Total Return Fund
|
Until [ ],
2008 (25 days after the commencement of this offering), all dealers that buy, sell or
trade the common shares, whether or not participating in this offering, may be
required to deliver a prospectus. This delivery
requirement is in
addition to the dealers’ obligation to deliver a prospectus with respect
to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.
|
PART C —
OTHER INFORMATION
|
Item 25.
Financial Statements and Exhibits
|
(1) Financial
Statements: Financial Highlights, dated as of November 30,
2007.
|
(2) Exhibits
|
(a) (1) Declaration
of Trust — previously filed as Exhibit (2)(a) to the
Registration Statement of the Fund on Form N-2 (File Nos. 333-143305
and 811-22072) filed on May 25, 2007.*
|
(a) (2) Amended
and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust — previously filed as
Exhibit (2)(a)(2) to the Registration Statement of the Fund on
Form N-2 (File Nos. 333-143305 and 811-22072) filed on
August 23, 2007.*
|
(b) Amended
and Restated By-laws of Registrant — previously filed as Exhibit
(2)(b) to the Registration Statement of the Fund on Form N-2 (File
Nos. 333-143305 and 811-22072) filed on August 23,
2007.*
|
(c) Voting
Trust Agreement — none.
|
(d) Shareholder
Rights Instruments — none.
|
(e) Form
of Dividend Reinvestment Plan — previously filed as Exhibit (2)(e) to
the Registration Statement of the Fund on Form N-2 (File Nos.
333-143305 and 811-22072) filed on July 20, 2007.*
|
(f) Long-Term
Debt Instruments — none.
|
(g) Investment
Management Agreement between Registrant and Swank Energy Income Advisors,
LP — previously filed as Exhibit (2)(g) to the Registration Statement
of the Fund on Form N-2 (File Nos. 333-143305 and 811-22072) filed on
August 23, 2007.*
|
(h) Underwriting
and Distribution Agreements—none.
|
(i) Bonus,
Profit Sharing, Pension Plans — not applicable.
|
(j) Custody
Agreement — previously filed as Exhibit (2)(j) to the Registration
Statement of the Fund on Form N-2 (File Nos. 333-143305 and
811-22072) filed on August 23, 2007.*
|
(k) Other
Material Contracts
|
(1) Fund
Administration Servicing Agreement — previously filed as Exhibit
(2)(k)(1) to the Registration Statement of the Fund on Form N-2 (File
Nos. 333-143305 and 811-22072) filed on August 23,
2007.*
|
(2) Transfer
Agency and Service Agreement — previously filed as Exhibit (2)(k)(2)
to the Registration Statement of the Fund on Form N-2 (File Nos.
333-143305 and 811-22072) filed on August 23,
2007.*
|
(3) Fund
Accounting Servicing Agreement — previously filed as Exhibit
(2)(k)(3) to the Registration Statement of the Fund on Form N-2 (File
Nos. 333-143305 and 811-22072) filed on August 23,
2007.*
|
(4) Form
of NYSE Listing Agreement — previously filed as Exhibit (2)(k)(4) to
the Registration Statement of the Fund on Form N-2 (File Nos.
333-143305 and 811-22072) filed on August 23,
2007.*
|
(5) Borrowing
Arrangement Agreements – to be filed by amendment.
|
(l) (1) Opinion
and Consent of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP — to be
filed by amendment.
|
(m) Non-Resident
Officers/Trustees — none.
|
(n) Other
Opinions and Consents — Consent of Deloitte and Touche LLP —
Filed herewith.
|
(o) Omitted
Financial Statements — none.
|
(p) Purchase
Agreement — to be filed by amendment.
|
(q) Model
Retirement Plans — none.
|
(r) Code
of Ethics
|
(1) Amended
Code of Ethics of Registrant and Swank Energy Income Advisors, LP —
previously filed as Exhibit (2)(r) to the Registration Statement of the
Fund on Form N-2 (File Nos. 333-143305 and 811-22072) filed on
August 24, 2007.*
|
(s) Power
of attorney — filed herewith.
|
(1) Certified
Resolutions — to be filed by amendment.
|
____________
|
* Incorporated
herein by reference.
|
Item 26.
Marketing Arrangements
|
None.
|
Item 27.
Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution
|
The
following table sets forth the estimated expenses to be incurred in
connection with the offering described in this Registration
Statement:
|
Securities
and Exchange Commission Registration Fees
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National
Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. Registration Fees
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Printing
and Engraving Expenses
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Legal
Fees
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Listing
Fees
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Accounting
Expenses
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Miscellaneous
Expenses
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Total
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Title of Class |
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Number of Record Holders
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Common
Shares, $0.001 par value per share
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[ ]
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Item 30.
Indemnification
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Article IV
of the Registrant’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides as
follows:
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Section
2. Limitation
of Liability. All persons contracting with or having any
claim against the Trust or a particular Series will look only to the
assets of the Trust or, as applicable, all Series or such particular
Series for payment under such contract or claim; and neither the Trustees
nor, when acting in such capacity, any of the Trust’s officers, employees
or agents, whether past, present or future, will be personally liable
therefor. Every written instrument or obligation on behalf of the Trust or
any Series will contain a statement to the foregoing effect, but the
absence of such statement will not operate to make any Trustee or officer
of the Trust liable
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thereunder.
Provided they have exercised reasonable care and have acted under the
reasonable belief that their actions are in the best interest of the
Trust, the Trustees and officers of the Trust will not be responsible or
liable for any act or omission or for neglect or wrongdoing of them or any
officer, agent, employee, investment adviser or independent contractor of
the Trust, but nothing contained in this Declaration or in the Delaware
Act will protect any Trustee or officer of the Trust against liability to
the Trust or to Shareholders to which he would otherwise be subject by
reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless
disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his
office.
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Section
3. Indemnification. (a) Subject
to the exceptions and limitations contained in subsection (b) below:
every person who is, or has been, a Trustee or an officer, employee or
agent of the Trust (including any individual who
serves at its request as director, officer, partner, employee, trustee,
agent or the like of another organization in which it has any interest as
a shareholder, creditor or otherwise) (“Covered Person”) will be
indemnified by the Trust or the appropriate Series to the fullest extent
permitted by law against liability and against all expenses reasonably
incurred or paid by him in connection with any claim, action, suit or
proceeding in which he becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue
of his being or having been a Covered Person and against amounts paid or
incurred by him in the settlement thereof; and as used herein, the words
“claim,” “action,” “suit,” or “proceeding” will apply to all claims,
actions, suits or proceedings (civil, criminal, administrative,
investigative, arbitration or other, including appeals), actual or
threatened, and the words “liability” and “expenses” will include, without
limitation, attorneys’ fees, costs, judgments, amounts paid in settlement,
fines, penalties and other liabilities.
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(b) No
indemnification will be provided hereunder to a Covered Person:
(i) who will have been adjudicated by a court or body before which
the proceeding was brought (A) to be liable to the Trust or its
Shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence
or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office,
or (B) not to have acted in good faith and in a manner the person
reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the
Trust; or (ii) in the event of a settlement, unless there has been a
determination that such Covered Person did not engage in willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the
duties involved in the conduct of his office; (A) by the court or
other body approving the settlement; (B) by at least a majority of
those Trustees who are neither Interested Persons of the Trust nor are
parties to the matter based upon a review of readily available facts (as
opposed to a full trial-type inquiry); (C) by written opinion of
independent legal counsel based upon a review of readily available facts
(as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry) or (D) by a vote of a
majority of the Outstanding Shares entitled to vote (excluding any
Outstanding Shares owned of record or beneficially by such
individual).
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(c) The
rights of indemnification herein provided may be insured against by
policies maintained by the Trust, will be severable, will not be exclusive
of or affect any other rights to which any Covered Person may now or
hereafter be entitled, and will inure to the benefit of the heirs,
executors and administrators of a Covered Person.
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(d) To
the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, expenses in connection
with the preparation and presentation of a defense to any claim, action,
suit or proceeding of the character described in subsection (a) of
this Section may be paid by the Trust or applicable Series from time to
time prior to final disposition thereof upon receipt of an undertaking by
or on behalf of such Covered Person that such amount will be paid over by
him to the Trust or applicable Series if it is ultimately determined that
he is not entitled to indemnification under this Section; provided,
however, that either (i) such Covered Person will have provided
appropriate security for such undertaking, (ii) the Trust is insured
against losses arising out of any such advance payments or
(iii) either a majority of a quorum of the Trustees who are neither
Interested Persons of the Trust nor parties to the matter, or independent
legal counsel in a written opinion, will have determined, based upon a
review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type
inquiry) that there is reason to believe that such Covered Person will not
be disqualified from indemnification under this Section. Independent
counsel retained for the purpose of rendering an opinion regarding
advancement of expenses and/or a majority of a quorum of the Trustees who
are neither Interested Persons of the Trust nor parties to the matter, may
proceed under a rebuttable presumption that the Covered Person has not
engaged in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless
disregard of the Covered Person’s duties to the Trust and were based on
the Covered Person’s determination that those actions were in the best
interests of the Trust and its Shareholders; provided that the Covered
Person is not an Interested Person (or is an Interested Person solely by
reason of being an officer of the Trust).
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(e) Any
repeal or modification of this Article IV by the Shareholders, or
adoption or modification of any other provision of the Declaration or
By-Laws inconsistent with this Article, will be prospective only, to the
extent that such repeal, or modification would, if applied
retrospectively, adversely affect any limitation on the liability of any
Covered Person or indemnification available to any Covered Person with
respect to any act or omission which occurred prior to such repeal,
modification or adoption. Any such repeal or modification by the
Shareholders will require a vote of at least two-thirds of the Outstanding
Shares entitled to vote and present in person or by proxy at any meeting
of the Shareholders.
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Section 4. Indemnification of
Shareholders. (a) If
any Shareholder or former Shareholder of the Trust (as opposed to a
Shareholder or former Shareholder of any Series) will be held personally
liable solely by reason of his being or having been a Shareholder and not
because of his acts or omissions or for some other reason, the Shareholder
or former Shareholder (or his heirs, executors, administrators or other
legal representatives or in the case of any entity, its general successor)
will be entitled out of the assets belonging to the Trust to be held
harmless from and indemnified against all loss and expense arising from
such liability. The Trust will, upon request by such Shareholder, assume
the defense of any claim made against such Shareholder for any act or
obligation of the Trust and satisfy any judgment thereon from the assets
of the Series.
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(b) If
any Shareholder or former Shareholder of any Series will be held
personally liable solely by reason of his being or having been a
Shareholder and not because of his acts or omissions or for some other
reason, the Shareholder or former Shareholder (or his heirs, executors,
administrators or other legal representatives or in the case of any
entity, its general successor) will be entitled out of the assets
belonging to the applicable Series to be held harmless from and
indemnified against all loss and expense arising from such liability. The
Trust, on behalf of the affected Series, will, upon request by such
Shareholder, assume the defense of any claim made against such Shareholder
for any act or obligation of the Series and satisfy any judgment thereon
from the assets of the Series.
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Section
5. No
Bond Required of
Trustees. No Trustee will be obligated to give any bond
or other security for the performance of any of his duties
hereunder.
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Section
6. No Duty of
Investigation; Notice in Trust Instruments,
Etc. No purchaser, lender, transfer agent or other
Person dealing with the Trustees or any officer, employee or agent of the
Trust or a Series thereof will be bound to make any inquiry concerning the
validity of any transaction purporting to be made by the Trustees or by
said officer, employee or agent or be liable for the application of money
or property paid, loaned, or delivered to or on the order of the Trustees
or of said officer, employee or agent. Every obligation, contract,
instrument, certificate, Share, other security of the Trust or a Series
thereof or undertaking, and every other act or thing whatsoever executed
in connection with the Trust will be conclusively presumed to have been
executed or done by the executors thereof only in their capacity as
Trustees under this Declaration or in their capacity as officers,
employees or agents of the Trust or a Series thereof. Every written
obligation, contract, instrument, certificate, Share, other security of
the Trust or a Series thereof or undertaking made or issued by the
Trustees may recite that the same is executed or made by them not
individually, but as Trustees under the Declaration, and that the
obligations of the Trust or a Series thereof under any such instrument are
not binding upon any of the Trustees or Shareholders individually, but
bind only the Trust Property or the Trust Property of the
applicable Series, and may contain any further recital which they may deem
appropriate, but the omission of such recital will not operate to bind the
Trustees individually. The Trustees may maintain insurance for the
protection of the Trust Property or the Trust Property of the
applicable Series, its Shareholders, Trustees, officers, employees and
agents in such amount as the Trustees will deem adequate to cover possible
tort liability, and such other insurance as the Trustees in their sole
judgment will deem advisable.
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Section
7. Reliance
on Experts, Etc. Each Trustee, officer or employee of
the Trust or a Series thereof will, in the performance of his duties,
powers and discretions hereunder be fully and completely justified and
protected with regard to any act or any failure to act resulting from
reliance in good faith upon the books of account or other records of the
Trust or a Series thereof, upon an opinion of counsel, or upon reports
made to the Trust or a Series thereof by any of its officers or employees
or by the Investment Adviser, the Administrator, the Distributor, the
Principal Underwriter, Transfer Agent, selected dealers, accountants,
appraisers or other experts or consultants selected with reasonable care
by the Trustees, officers or employees of the Trust, regardless of whether
such counsel or expert may also be a Trustee.
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Insofar
as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of
1933, may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of
the Fund, pursuant to the foregoing provisions or otherwise, the Fund has
been advised that in the opinion of the Commission such indemnification is
against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is,
therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification
against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Fund of expenses
incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Fund
in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted
by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the
securities being registered, the Fund will, unless in the opinion of its
counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a
court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such
indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the
Securities Act of 1933 and will be governed by the final adjudication of
such issue. Reference is made to Section 8 of the form of
underwriting agreement attached as Exhibit (h), which is incorporated
herein by reference and discusses the rights, responsibilities and
limitations with respect to indemnity and contribution.
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Item 31.
Business and Other Connections of Investment Adviser
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None.
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Item 32.
Location of Accounts and Records
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The
accounts, books or other documents required to be maintained by
Section 31(a) of the 1940 Act, and the rules promulgated under the
1940 Act, are kept by the Registrant or its custodian, transfer agent,
administrator and fund accountant.
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Item 33.
Management Services
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None.
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Item 34.
Undertakings
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(1) Registrant
undertakes to suspend the offering of its common shares until it amends
the prospectus filed herewith if (1) subsequent to the effective date
of its registration statement, the net asset value of the Fund declines
more than 10 percent from the net asset value of the Fund as of the
effective date of the registration statement, or (2) the net asset
value of the Fund increases to an amount greater than its net proceeds as
stated in the prospectus.
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(2) Not
Applicable.
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(3) Not
Applicable.
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(4) Not
Applicable.
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(5) Registrant
undertakes that:
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(a) For
purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the
information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this
registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in
the form of prospectus filed by the Registrant under Rule 497(h)
under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration
statement as of the time it was declared
effective; and
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(b) For
the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each
post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be
deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities
offered therein, and the offering of the securities at that time shall be
deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
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(6)
Not applicable.
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Signature
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Title
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/s/ Brian R. Bruce*
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Trustee
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Brian
R. Bruce
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/s/ Edward N.
McMillan*
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Trustee
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Edward
N. McMillan
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/s/ Jerry V.
Swank*
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Trustee,
President and Chief
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Jerry
V. Swank
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Executive
Officer
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Trustee
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Ronald
P. Trout
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/s/ Mark W.
Fordyce
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Treasurer,
Secretary, Chief Financial
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Mark
W. Fordyce
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Officer
and Principal Accounting Officer
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*By: |
/s/
Mark
W. Fordyce
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Mark
W. Fordyce
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As
Attorney-In-Fact**
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**
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Pursuant
to power of attorney attached as an exhibit to the Registration
Statement.
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Exhibit
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Exhibit
Name
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(2)(n)
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Consent
of Deloitte and Touche LLP
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(s)
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Power
of Attorney
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